Although these principles emanate from decisions of the Strasbourg Court, in Lang J's view, they also accurately reflected fundamental principles of the UK's unwritten constitution, which enshrines
the fundamental principle of the rule of law:
Not exact matches
«The European Court
of Human Rights
ruled back in 2003 that Sharia
law is incompatible with the
fundamental principles of democracy.»
It would cut across two constitutional
principles which are also
fundamental components
of the
rules of law.»
The new
rules in this area state: The Academy Trust shall ensure that
principles are promoted which support
fundamental British values, including: respect for the basis on which the
law is made and applied in England; respect for democracy and support for participation in the democratic processes; support for equality
of opportunity for all; support and respect for the liberties
of all within the
law; and respect for and tolerance
of different faiths and religious and other beliefs.
Speaking during the programme, the Executive Secretary
of NHRC Mr. Tony Ojukwu said, the training programme was aimed at broadening and equipping the security personnel who were directly involved in the ongoing counter insurgency and counter terrorism operations in the North East with the
fundamental principles of Human Rights as well as
Rules of Engagement in line with the acceptable local and international
laws and
principles of arms conflicts.
The
rule of law is indeed a
fundamental principle of contemporary order, but it should not be invoked so arbitrarily when it is being infringed upon so openly in Japan with the tacit backing
of the US and other countries.
For the Court, EU
fundamental rights apply in
principle, but do not have much impact in practice due to the
rules of EU
law at issue.
In particular, the court noted [at paragraph 29] the established
principle that «though discretionary decisions will generally be given considerable respect, that discretion must be exercised in accordance with the boundaries imposed in the statute, the
principles of the
rule of law, the
principles of administrative
law, the
fundamental values
of Canadian society, and the
principles of the Charter.»
It is strongly argued by many that arbitration should always be subject to the
fundamental principles which underpin most domestic legal systems and ultimately reflect the
rule of law — and should not, as some contend, be a process which is totally detached from those
fundamental principles.
Moreover, Justice Susan Himel
ruled that the
laws that forbid running a bawdy house, communicating for the purpose
of prostitution, and living off the avails
of prostitution were unconstitutional and are not in accord with the
principles of fundamental justice.
An interesting
ruling in the Administrative Court this week touches on some issues
fundamental to public
law — the extent to which «macro» policy (such as EC
law) should trump
principles of good administration; the role
of factual evidence in judicial review proceedings, and the connection between public
law wrongs and liability in tort.
The
law relating to litigating in «Indian country» is far too complex to address here, and while some
of the
fundamental principles of jurisdiction and tribal sovereignty are deeply rooted in our system
of jurisprudence, many aspects
of it are still undergoing change, whether by legislation in Congress or the interpretation and enforcement
of the
rule of law by the Courts.
One
of the Supreme Court
of Canada cases cited by McEwan, the Roncarelli case, held that the
rule of law is a «
fundamental postulate
of our constitutional structure,» which would seem to be one
of those underlying
principles having full legal force.
In the other, it
ruled that such a «closed procedure» was such an insult to «
fundamental» common
law principles of open justice and fairness that no court, however lofty, would have the jurisdiction to order it without statutory authority.
Interestingly, the Advocate General ranged much more broadly in reaching the same conclusion, stating that these limitations on the review
of international arbitral awards were «contrary to the
principle of effectiveness
of EU
law», «(n) o system can accept infringements
of its most
fundamental rules making up its public policy, irrespective
of whether or not those infringements are flagrant or obvious» and «one or more parties to agreements which might be regarded as anticompetitive can not put these agreements beyond the reach
of review under Articles 101 TFEU and 102 TFEU by resorting to arbitration» (AG Op § § 58, 67 and 72).
For example, the Ontario Court
of Appeal recently
ruled in Bedford v Canada that the prohibition on common bawdy - houses for the purpose
of prostitution was unconstitutional and must be struck down because the
laws do not accord with the
principles of fundamental justice enshrined in section 7
of the Charter.
70 Lastly, it should be borne in mind that, since the right to freedom
of movement is — as a
fundamental principle of EU
law — the general
rule, the conditions laid down in Article 7 (1)(b)
of Directive 2004/38 must be construed narrowly (see, by analogy, Kamberaj, paragraph 86, and Chakroun, paragraph 43) and in compliance with the limits imposed by EU
law and the
principle of proportionality (see Baumbast and R, paragraph 91; Zhu and Chen, paragraph 32; and Commission v Belgium, paragraph 39).
Rather, the point is to illustrate the contestability
of these matters which, at root, turn upon a normative argument about how the three
fundamental principles of the British constitution — the sovereignty
of Parliament, the
rule of law and the separation
of powers — relate to one another.
The
fundamental question, then, is as to how that
principle sits in relationship with other
fundamental principles, including the
rule of law and the separation
of powers.
We have to rely on intuition, they contend, where our discursive justifications come to an end, for instance in the
fundamental laws of logic, such as the
principle of noncontradiction, or basic
rules of inference.