The annual compromise has been to provide only just enough money to remain a partner; but that has squeezed domestic
fusion programs to the point of near - extinction.
Nearly $ 297 million would go to domestic
fusion programs, or $ 48.3 million more than requested.
Dunne came to NIF after a stint at the European laser
fusion program, HiPER, and was director of the U.K.'s Central Laser Facility.
ITER Director - General Bernard Bigot plans to lead a delegation to Tehran as early as next month to begin formal talks on ties that, Iranian science officials hope, will boost the nation's
fusion program and expose Iranian experts to global norms in science.
The White House has proposed paying for the U.S. contribution to the multi-billion-dollar project by cutting the domestic
fusion program.
The need to compensate the runner - up «has turned necessity into advantage for
the fusion program,» says Günter Janeschitz, head of fusion at Germany's Karlsruhe research center.
Despite proposed cuts to the U.S. magnetic
fusion program, a new report advocates a parallel effort to pursue fusion energy using the rival inertial confinement scheme.
In his opening statement at the bill's markup, Representative Rodney Frelinghuysen (R - NJ) noted that, «within science research, funding for the domestic
fusion program is restored to last year's level, and the international
fusion program is increased to come closer to our commitments.»
Where would the extra money for
the fusion program come from?
That paradox hit home last week, when President Barack Obama submitted a 2013 budget request to Congress that would slash the nation's already beleaguered domestic
fusion program while boosting the U.S. contribution to ITER.
If the president's request is approved by Congress it will put a severe squeeze on the U.S. domestic
fusion program and will force the closure of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Alcator C - Mod reactor, one of only three large machines, known as tokamaks, in the United States that are doing vital research in preparation for ITER.
«The restructured U.S. program will strive to remain a credible partner in the international
fusion program that includes both ITER and many smaller projects in all areas of fusion science and technology.
In an attempt to stay as close as possible to the goal - oriented schedule,
the fusion program has concentrated almost all of its available resources on the tokamak concept, virtually eliminating support for alternative approaches and for basic plasma science.
«The floor shook; the walls shook; there was a hell of a boom,» says Wurden, a sandy - haired, 54 - year - old physicist and
fusion program manager at Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico.
The lone outlier is DOE's
fusion program, which would get a 10.3 % cut, to $ 420 million.
Fusion research cuts — Representative Don Beyer (D — VA), a new member of the House, asked about the reasoning behind a requested cut in DOE's
fusion program budget, which would decrease by 10 % under the request — the only loser in the Office of Science.
While at the conference Kessel gave a plenary talk about the Fusion Nuclear Science Facility (FNSF), a proposed next step in the U.S.
fusion program.
«ELMs are a big issue for ITER,» said Mickey Wade, director of the DIII - D national
fusion program at General Atomics.
«We deeply value his contributions to the Lab and to the U.S.
fusion program through the facilities here, and to the role that he's played as a leader of experimental programs.»
As a past leader of the U.S. federal
fusion program, I played a significant role in establishing tokamak research to the U.S., and I had high hopes for its success.
I agree that
the fusion program very much needs to pursue multiple approaches, even within magnetic fusion.
Not exact matches
It is building on the concept of compressing fuel to heat it until it triggers a
fusion reaction, an idea experimented with for years in large - scale government
programs.
The Energy Department's ARPA - E
program has conducted early - stage research into technologies such as advanced batteries,
fusion and nanotechnology.
The International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor
program in the south of France will use magnetic
fusion and employ strong magnetic fields to hold and fuse hydrogen plasma.
We continue to rank the
program, despite it not representing a traditional MBA, as it presents the comprehensive
fusion of business and environment we wish to encourage.
Indeed, the ability to clone animals, such as Dolly the sheep, by
fusion of an adult cell to an enucleated oocyte demonstrates that the epigenetic
programming responsible for maintaining an adult cell in a stable state can be erased by factors present in the cytoplasm of the oocyte.
Champions 12.3 will complement and build upon ongoing successful UN
programs to reduce food loss and waste including SAVE FOOD and Think.Eat.Save, efforts such as EU
FUSIONS and the global Food Loss & Waste Protocol, private sector action like the Consumer Goods Forum's Food Waste Resolution, and other initiatives.
The hotel introduces various
programming including weekend brunch offers, full use of the third - floor rooftop overlooking the pool to accommodate up to 150 guests, and exclusive pool parties serving grilled
fusion tacos paired with handcrafted cocktails.
Champions 12.3 will complement and build upon ongoing successful UN
programs to reduce food loss and waste including SAVE FOOD and Think.Eat.Save, efforts such as EU
FUSIONS and the global Food Loss & Waste Protocol, private sector action like the Consumer Goods Forum's Food Waste Resolution, and other initiatives.
All i can tell you is that poverty is a function of the
fusion of social, political and economic forces, be it along the lines of policies,
programs, and activities.
A
fusion research
program nurtured in isolation could blossom as Iran joins the ITER megaproject.
«We were surprised to find that mutations in this gene also affect
fusion of autophagic organelles,» said Upasana Gala, a graduate student in the
Program in Developmental Biology at BCM in Bellen's laboratory.
The budget request calls for a 20 % reduction in DOE's inertial confinement
fusion (ICF)
program, which supports Omega, to $ 419 million.
The United States is spending $ 124 million for the ITER
fusion reactor in Cadarache, France, and roughly $ 279 million on domestic research
programs this year.
A
program to manufacture
fusion targets and support for academic scientists who want to use the facilities would also be cut.
The president's request also calls for cuts to
fusion work at NIF and an immediate axing of funding to the Nike laser at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) in Washington, D.C. «The loss of NRL and eventual loss of LLE would greatly reduce the physics capability and innovation in the ICF
program,» says NRL's Stephen Obenschain.
* Clarification 11:20 a.m., 21 February: Davidson thinks «the achievement of ignition on NIF should be an important trigger for the government to decide if it should launch a national coordinated [inertial
fusion energy],» not an ICF
program, as initially reported.
«The achievement of ignition on NIF should be an important trigger for the government to decide if it should launch a national coordinated [inertial
fusion energy]
program,» says committee co-chair Ronald Davidson of Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory in New Jersey.
► Iran's agreement on Tuesday to «dismantle large pieces of its nuclear
program in exchange for lifting crippling economic sanctions... paves the way for a rapid expansion of scientific cooperation with Iran in areas as diverse as
fusion, astrophysics, and cancer therapy using radioisotopes,» Richard Stone wrote that day at ScienceInsider.
The request came as the U.S.
program was struggling to maintain a viable research
program amid stagnant budgets and the growing financial commitment to ITER, which is consuming an increasingly large share of U.S.
fusion funding.
But insiders say that the
program was held up because DOE's Office of
Fusion Energy Sciences objected to another DOE agency spending money on
fusion when it was struggling to meet its commitments to ITER and other projects.
The details won't be out for another week, but in their version of the 2013 budget for the Department of Energy (DOE), legislators on a spending panel in the House of Representatives would reverse dramatic cuts to the U.S.
fusion research
program that the White House proposed in February.
ARPA - E, the U.S. government agency for funding innovative energy technologies, is preparing to launch a
program to support alternative approaches to
fusion energy that have the potential to steal a march on existing mainstream projects.
Does Iran have a
fusion research
program?
Still, the payoff could be huge: While mainstream
fusion research
programs are still decades from fruition, Lerner claims he requires just $ 750,000 in funding and two years of work to prove his process generates more energy than it consumes.
«Everyone is very happy,» says Alex Bradshaw, scientific director of the Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics in Garching, Germany, and chair of Germany's
fusion research
program.
«Making the movements of HIV visible so that we can follow, in real time, how surface proteins on the virus behave will hopefully tell us what we need to know to prevent
fusion with human cells — if you can prevent viral entry of HIV into immune cells, you have won,» says Dr. Blanchard, who is also associate director of Weill Cornell's chemical biology
program.
We're kind of getting this, in addition to NIF, there's this other
program called, ITER, which is out in Europe, which will also be able to create controlled
fusion reactions at above break - even that's going to be going online in maybe 15 years or so; they're building it right now.
At a constant level of funding, the restructured U.S.
program will be able to focus on
fusion's underlying scientific foundations and will enable the nation to take the lead in selected areas of expertise as part of the international effort to develop
fusion energy.
To be a credible partner in this long - term quest, the U.S. needs a vigorous domestic
program in
fusion science and technology.