This effect is realized through modulation of the intensity of
galactic cosmic ray fluxes penetrating the atmosphere.
With weather averaged out, with solar cycles averaged out, with ice ages and Milankovitch cycles averaged out, in geologic time,
galactic cosmic ray flux * is * the driver of the great ice ages and hothouse periods in the Phanerozoic, with something of a 6C or 7C peak to peak temperature swing of * equatorial * ocean temperatures (from my eyeball measurement of a Veizer chart).
Further it is found that Earth's temperature follows more closely decade variations in
galactic cosmic ray flux and solar cycle length, than other solar activity parameters.
First, the peak of the Carboniferous - Permian ice age occurs 50 Ma after the peak of
the galactic cosmic ray flux during a long period of declining cosmic ray flux.
This investigation extends the previous cloud cover correlations with solar activity
galactic cosmic ray flux utilizing the North American Regional Reanalysis (NARR); a high - resolution climatological reconstruction of North America and surrounding areas (Mesinger et al. 2006).
Not exact matches
(Note: A couple of colleague of mine has direct experience with this in reconstructing
galactic cosmic ray measurements and plasma
fluxes far from Earth — no one satellite has produced enough data for a decent model, and yet there are little problems going from one dataset to another.)
Martin Smith, We generally refer to the particles from the Sun as «solar particles,» or solar - event particles, while the
flux of extremely high - energy particles from outsde the solar system are referred to as «
galactic cosmic rays» (GCR).
Similarly to the solar magnetic modulation, high geomagnetic field intensity decreases the
flux of
galactic cosmic rays and radionuclide production rates and the opposite for low geomagnetic field intensity.
In short, the argument is that the
cosmic ray flux (CRF, also denoted as «GCR» —
galactic cosmic rays — in some papers) is the most important factor affecting our climate.
We propose that the cycle may be caused by modulation of
cosmic ray (CR)
flux by the Solar system vertical oscillation (64 My period) in the galaxy, the
galactic north - south anisotropy of CR production in the
galactic halo / wind / termination shock (due to the
galactic motion toward the Virgo cluster), and the shielding by
galactic magnetic fields.
7.4.5 Impact of
Cosmic Rays on Aerosols and Clouds 43 44 High solar acti0vity leads to variations in the strength and three - dimensional structure of the heliosphere, 45 which reduces the flux of galactic cosmic rays (GCR) impinging upon the Earth's atmosphere by increasing 46 the deflection of low energ
Cosmic Rays on Aerosols and Clouds 43 44 High solar acti0vity leads to variations in the strength and three - dimensional structure of the heliosphere, 45 which reduces the
flux of
galactic cosmic rays (GCR) impinging upon the Earth's atmosphere by increasing 46 the deflection of low energ
cosmic rays (GCR) impinging upon the Earth's atmosphere by increasing 46 the deflection of low energy GCR.
Recent work attempts to account for the chain of physical processes in which solar magnetic fi elds modulate the heliosphere, in turn altering the penetration of the
galactic cosmic rays, the
flux of which produces the cosmogenic isotopes that are subsequently deposited in the terrestrial system following additional transport and chemical processes.
It could be solar, a change of the Earth's magnetic field, or a change in the
galactic flux of
cosmic rays [unlikely, but possible].
Solar cycles of magnetic variability result in changes in the luminal spectra of the sun, the properties of the solar wind, and the
flux of
galactic cosmic rays incident on Earth's atmosphere.
You can not shield against
galactic cosmic rays — you'd need 13 cm of Aluminum shielding just to cut down the
flux by a factor of 2.