If CAFE drops gasoline demand from 140 billion gallons per year to 100 billion gallons, and the RFS requires 36 billion
gallons of ethanol by 2022, the current blend of E10 (gasoline with 10 percent ethanol) will need to be increased to E40 nationwide.
Congress's ethanol mandate, which requires oil companies to use 36 billion
gallons of ethanol by 2020, can not be achieved, experts say, without major technological advances that are still years away.
I believe the mandate from the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 is to use 35 billion
gallons of ethanol by 2022.
If we could find an effective way to convert it, corn residue could provide another 20 billion
gallons of ethanol by around 2040, according to a recent report from the Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Tennessee.
The Energy Policy Act of 2005 requires the use of 7.5 billion
gallons of ethanol by 2012, and the industry is ahead of the target.
Not exact matches
A more realistic, if still optimistic, scenario sketched
by the National Corn Growers Association anticipates that corn
ethanol production will quadruple to 16 billion
gallons by 2015, not quite 7 percent
of the likely demand.
This wrong - headed policy, pushed
by an aggressive farm lobby, gives a 51 - cent tax credit for each
gallon of ethanol blended into gasoline.
The 2005 Energy Policy Act mandates a minimum
of 7.5 billion
gallons of domestic renewable - fuel production, which will overwhelmingly be corn - based
ethanol,
by 2012.
Congress in 2007 required that refiners blend 36 billion
gallons of ethanol into fuel supply
by 2022.
Together the two plants would produce, at best, 22 million
gallons of ethanol a year
by using sulfuric acid to break the lignocellulose bonds and then burning the leftover lignin to power fermentation
of the cellulose into
ethanol.
The Obama administration seems to agree, granting $ 786 million in 2009 for biofuels research and setting up the Biofuels Interagency Working Group to study how best to meet the renewable fuel standard mandated
by Congress that will require increasing the amount
of renewable fuels, such as
ethanol, to 36 billion
gallons by 2022.
«The amount
of ethanol produced
by chemical catalysis is around 70 or 80
gallons perton,» says Wes Bolsen, chief marketing officer for Coskata, located in Warrenville, Illinois.
A
gallon of ethanol has a lower energy content than a
gallon of gasoline (as measured
by BTU content).
The Obama administration plans to meet the mandate
of Bush's 2007 U.S. Energy Independence and Security Act, to produce 36 billion
gallons a year
of ethanol and advanced biofuels
by 2022.
The greens, hawks, and farmers helped convince the Senate to add an
ethanol provision to the energy bill — now awaiting action
by a House - Senate conference committee — that would require refiners to more than double their use
of ethanol to 8 billion
gallons per year
by 2012.
By comparison, «renewable» and «sustainable» corn - based
ethanol requires 2,510 to 29,100
gallons per million Btu
of usable energy — and biodiesel from soybeans consumes an astounding and unsustainable 14,000 to 75,000
gallons of water per million Btu!
Last week the EPA dismissed a petition
by the American Petroleum Institute seeking relief from the cellulosic
ethanol mandate, which requires that oil refiners blend 8.65 million
gallons of ethanol into the fuel supply
by the end
of 2012:
Tennessee has the potential to produce billions
of gallons of cellulosic
ethanol by using 4.5 million acres
of land identified
by the Oak Ridge National Laboratory as ideal for energy crop cultivation.
The renewable fuel standard passed
by Congress calls for 100 million
gallons of cellulosic
ethanol in 2010, but the actual production capacity from experimental plants is only about 3 to 4 million
gallons, he said.
By 2012, Coskata envisions commercial production of 50 — 60 million gallons of ethanol per year, made by gasification of approximately 1,500 dry tons of biomass per da
By 2012, Coskata envisions commercial production
of 50 — 60 million
gallons of ethanol per year, made
by gasification of approximately 1,500 dry tons of biomass per da
by gasification
of approximately 1,500 dry tons
of biomass per day.
In the 2007 Energy Independence and Security Act, Congress said that
of the 36 billion
gallons of biofuel it wants produced
by 2022, 15 billion
gallons must come from corn - based
ethanol and at least 16 billion
gallons from cellulosic biofuels.
The bill would eliminate the current mandate to blend 15 billion
gallons of corn
ethanol into fuel
by 2022 and ban
ethanol fuel content over ten percent.
Instead
of meeting the goals to produce 100 million
gallons of cellulosic
ethanol in the United States
by 2010, the survey indicated that only 28.5 million
gallons will be available in 2010.
Washington originally figured the industry could produce 1 billion
gallons of cellulosic
ethanol annually
by 2013, so that's where it set the mandate for last year.
During the period under evaluation
by the Chicago Council on Global Affairs, America's Soviet - style production quota for
ethanol, a motor fuel distilled from corn, increased almost 4 billion
gallons, or 104 billion pounds
of maize.
This would require around 100 billion
gallons / year
of ethanol, replacing 83 billion
gallons of octane equivalent and resulting in a net cumulative reduction
of around 13 Gt octane equivalent, which generate 40 GtCO2,
by 2100.
As noted previously on this site (here and here), Vilsack and the RFA tout a study
by Iowa State University's Center for Agricultural Research and Development (CARD), which concluded that if
ethanol production had remained at year 2000 levels, the U.S. motor fuel supply would have been billions
of gallons smaller and, thus, significantly pricier in 2010 and 2011.
Between 1997 and 2007 US farmland declined
by ~ 33 million acres [1]: if that land were put back into corn production, it could produce 14 billion
gallons of biofuel
ethanol [2] plus the additional food value
of the DDGS.
Federal law mandates that oil companies use 12 billion
gallons of renewable fuels such as
ethanol in this year, rising to 15 billion
gallons by 2015.
Argonne Nat» l Labs did an analysis and found the use
of 6.5 billion
gallons of ethanol in the US in 2007 reduced greenhouse gas emissions
by nearly 10 million tons and that E85 alone contributes to a 20 % reduction in ozone forming pollution and a 30 % reduction in greenhouse gas emissions.
The U.S. Department
of Energy projects that cellulosic conversion technology could reduce the cost
of producing
ethanol by as much as 60 cents per
gallon by 2015.
Support Next Generation Biofuels Deploy Cellulosic
Ethanol: Obama will invest federal resources, including tax incentives, cash prizes and government contracts into developing the most promising technologies with the goal of getting the first two billion gallons of cellulosic ethanol into the system b
Ethanol: Obama will invest federal resources, including tax incentives, cash prizes and government contracts into developing the most promising technologies with the goal
of getting the first two billion
gallons of cellulosic
ethanol into the system b
ethanol into the system
by 2013.