In 2009 the world was on track to produce 19 billion
gallons of fuel ethanol and nearly 4 billion gallons of biodiesel.
In 1980, the world produced scarcely 1 billion
gallons of fuel ethanol.
In 2007 the world produced 13.1 billion
gallons of fuel ethanol and 2.3 billion gallons of biodiesel.
In 2011, the world produced 23 billion
gallons of fuel ethanol and nearly 6 billion gallons of biodiesel.
Not exact matches
The 2005 Energy Policy Act mandates a minimum
of 7.5 billion
gallons of domestic renewable -
fuel production, which will overwhelmingly be corn - based
ethanol, by 2012.
Since then, corn
ethanol production has more than doubled to about 36.5 million
gallons per day — meaning
ethanol already is nearly 10 percent
of U.S.
fuel supply.
Congress in 2007 required that refiners blend 36 billion
gallons of ethanol into
fuel supply by 2022.
If you then combine that with E85
fuel, which is 15 percent gasoline and 85 percent
ethanol, you just got a 320 - mile - per -
gallon SUV because the efficiency times the biofuel saving
of oil multiplies.
The Obama administration seems to agree, granting $ 786 million in 2009 for biofuels research and setting up the Biofuels Interagency Working Group to study how best to meet the renewable
fuel standard mandated by Congress that will require increasing the amount
of renewable
fuels, such as
ethanol, to 36 billion
gallons by 2022.
Obama has, however, also been a supporter
of ethanol made primarily from corn — a prominent industry in his home state
of Illinois — and recently told farmers he supports federal mandates to make nine billion
gallons (34 billion liters)
of ethanol to use as
fuel this year.
The company can produce more than 100
gallons of fuel per ton based on lab experiments because bacteria make more
ethanol: «We aren't producing butanol, propanol, hexanol, octanol, and all the other alcohols,» Bolsen says.
Yet RangeFuels» fancy new
ethanol plant, which will eventually pump out 100 million
gallons of fuel a year, will feed mostly on wood chips.
«In the Southeast there is enough biomass from wood products alone to make 10 to 15 billion
gallons of fuel a year,» says Mitch Mandich, CEO
of Range
Fuels, based in Broomfield, Colorado, the firm building what may be the first U.S. plant to make next - generation
ethanol commercially.
One example isPanda
Ethanol, which is building the largest biomass plant in the United Statesin Hereford, Texas, where it will use the waste
of 3.5 milliongrazing cattle to
fuel the production
of approximately 115 million
gallons ofethanol per year.
Buy a new load
of gas for your lawn mower, which you hopefully ran dry last fall, and then either left dry or filled with
ethanol - free
fuel ($ 20 a
gallon at a home good store!).
E85 is 85 %
ethanol, it corrodes the
fuel lines
of cars not intended for E85, you get worse
fuel economy per
gallon burned, and it's not widely available.
-- All but 4.3 cents - per -
gallon of the taxes on highway gasoline, diesel
fuel, kerosene, and alternative
fuels (Secs. 4041 (a) and 4081 (d)(1)-RRB--- Reduced rate
of tax on partially exempt methanol or
ethanol fuel (Sec. 4041 (m)-RRB--- Tax on retail sale
of heavy highway vehicles (Sec. 4051 (c)-RRB--- Tax on heavy truck tires (Sec. 4071 (d)-RRB--- Annual use tax on heavy highway vehicles (Sec. 4481 (f)-RRB-
for example, someone from the
ethanol lobby had a letter in the times pointing to some 300 000 000 (million)
gallons of ethanol for road
fuel produced i a recent year.
But the
ethanol boosters are ignoring some unpleasant facts: Ethanol won't significantly reduce our oil imports; adding more ethanol to our gas tanks adds further complexity to our motor - fuel supply chain, which will lead to further price hikes at the pump; and, most important (and most astonishing), it may take more energy to produce a gallon of ethanol than it actually co
ethanol boosters are ignoring some unpleasant facts:
Ethanol won't significantly reduce our oil imports; adding more ethanol to our gas tanks adds further complexity to our motor - fuel supply chain, which will lead to further price hikes at the pump; and, most important (and most astonishing), it may take more energy to produce a gallon of ethanol than it actually co
Ethanol won't significantly reduce our oil imports; adding more
ethanol to our gas tanks adds further complexity to our motor - fuel supply chain, which will lead to further price hikes at the pump; and, most important (and most astonishing), it may take more energy to produce a gallon of ethanol than it actually co
ethanol to our gas tanks adds further complexity to our motor -
fuel supply chain, which will lead to further price hikes at the pump; and, most important (and most astonishing), it may take more energy to produce a
gallon of ethanol than it actually co
ethanol than it actually contains.
Last week the EPA dismissed a petition by the American Petroleum Institute seeking relief from the cellulosic
ethanol mandate, which requires that oil refiners blend 8.65 million
gallons of ethanol into the
fuel supply by the end
of 2012:
The renewable
fuel standard passed by Congress calls for 100 million
gallons of cellulosic
ethanol in 2010, but the actual production capacity from experimental plants is only about 3 to 4 million
gallons, he said.
And it Doesn't include the production
of algae and duckweed, which is currently at 6,000
gallons per acre per year, for oil and
ethanol respectively, plus co-product biomass that can go to feed or
fuel depending on demand.
If it were to operate on 85 percent cellulosic
ethanol or a similar proportion
of biodiesel or renewable diesel
fuel, it would be achieving hundreds
of miles per
gallon of petroleum - derived
fuel.
The bill would eliminate the current mandate to blend 15 billion
gallons of corn
ethanol into
fuel by 2022 and ban
ethanol fuel content over ten percent.
Today, amid an anemic economy and joblessness far worse than official government figures admit, President Obama balks at approving the Keystone XL pipeline, cancels leasing and drilling on federal lands, tells our budget - sequestered military to buy $ 26 to $ 67 - per -
gallon ship and jet
fuel, punishes refineries for not buying cellulosic
ethanol that doesn't exist, and happily lets EPA shut down coal - fired power plants and kill countless thousands
of mining, utility and other jobs.
If it were to operate on 85 percent cellulosic
ethanol or a similar proportion
of biodiesel
fuel, it would be achieving hundreds
of miles per
gallon of petroleum - derived
fuel.
A
gallon of ethanol contains about 30 percent less energy than a
gallon of gasoline; this is one
of the reasons that the May 15th AAA Daily
Fuel Gauge report shows that, on an energy - output basis, gasoline containing 15 percent
ethanol is 58 cents more expensive than regular grade gasoline.
This summer, expensive and rare corn has left 26
ethanol plants idle — some for more than a year — removing 1.5 billion
gallons of production, according to the industry trade group, the Renewable
Fuels Association.
The reason is
ethanol, which the federal government insists be blended into every
gallon of motor
fuel refined and sold in the United States.
During the period under evaluation by the Chicago Council on Global Affairs, America's Soviet - style production quota for
ethanol, a motor
fuel distilled from corn, increased almost 4 billion
gallons, or 104 billion pounds
of maize.
In the USA today,
ethanol is mandated to up to 10 %
of gasoline motor
fuel; 13 billion
gallons / year
ethanol are replacing 10 billon
gallons / year octane equivalent gasoline (out
of a total consumption
of around 140 billion
gallons / year).
These vehicles consume roughly 140 Billion
gallons of gasoline, 60 Billion
gallons of diesel
fuel, and 9 Billion
gallons of ethanol every year.
Each
ethanol plant will have a production capacity
of five million
gallons per year (5 MGY)
of fuel - grade
ethanol.
And the
fuel is much cheaper, because the shipping cost
of locally made
ethanol is much lower, and because part
of the 51 cent per
gallon ethanol blending subsidy is being passed on to consumers.
Pursuant to that law, an increasing amount
of renewable
fuel such as
ethanol — rising to 36 billion
gallons in 2022 — must be introduced into the market.
As noted previously on this site (here and here), Vilsack and the RFA tout a study by Iowa State University's Center for Agricultural Research and Development (CARD), which concluded that if
ethanol production had remained at year 2000 levels, the U.S. motor
fuel supply would have been billions
of gallons smaller and, thus, significantly pricier in 2010 and 2011.
Unfortunately, the Environmental Protection Agency did just that last week, setting new quotas for 2012 that will require the nation's refiners to add 8.65 million
gallons of cellulosic
ethanol to America's
fuel supplies.
Federal law mandates that oil companies use 12 billion
gallons of renewable
fuels such as
ethanol in this year, rising to 15 billion
gallons by 2015.
Oil Palm produces ~ 500
gallons / acre
of biodiesel, and it's a perennial — less
fuel for plowing & planting, and squeezing the oil out is less energy intensive than distilling
ethanol.
Let's say it took 1
gallon of fossil
fuel to make 1
gallon of ethanol.
But if it took a
gallon of fossil
fuels to make a
gallon of ethanol, the
gallon that you took out has to go back in.
So the final pool is 10
gallons - 1
gallon of ethanol and still 9
gallons of fossil
fuel.
Not biodiesel, conventional diesel
fuel: The plant will have a capacity
of more than 10,000
gallons per year and will, using synthetic biology, reengineer microbes so that yeast can ferment sugar to produce hydrocarbons instead
of ethanol.
Now, on the site
of an old cabbage farm 9 miles from Medina, New York Energy is building an 87 million dollar
ethanol plant to turn 20 million bushels
of corn into 50 million
gallons of fuel.
Aimed at reducing U.S. reliance on foreign oil, the Renewable
Fuels Standard, or RFS, would require 13.2 billion
gallons of ethanol to be made from corn this year.
The Renewable
Fuels Standard set a target for the country to produce 100 million
gallons of cellulosic
ethanol next year.