Nevertheless, programs like the one above show that there is much more to college achievement
gaps than differences in preparation or motivation or ability.
Not exact matches
The output
gap — the
difference between current economic output and the estimated level that would stoke inflation — will now close in mid-2018, «materially later»
than previously thought, the statement said.
Note, for example, that respondents who «strongly agreed» that
differences in income were too large estimated a much larger pay
gap between CEOs and unskilled workers (12.5:1)
than respondents who «strongly disagreed» (6.7:1; Table 2).
The output
gap was so much larger in this downturn
than the last one (see «Part II» here), due in part to the
differences noted so far, that you'd expect a lot more stimulus in the recent downturn.
The women reportedly got paid lower salaries and smaller bonuses
than their male peers, even after weighing
differences in education, experience, and other factors that could explain the pay
gaps.
One frequently cited bar graph has been used to suggest, for the decade 1965 - 75, a severe diminution of seven mainline Protestant bodies by contrast both with their gains in the preceding ten years and with the continuing growth of selected conservative churches (see Jackson W. Carroll et al., Religion in America, 1950 to the Present [Harper & Row, 19791, p. 15) The
gap in growth rates for 1965 - 75, as shown on that graph, is more
than 29 percentage points (an average loss in the oldline denominations of 8.9 per cent against average gains among the conservatives of 20.5 per cent) This is indeed a substantial
difference, but it does not approach the
difference in growth rates recorded for the same religious groups in the 1930s, when the discrepancy amounted to 62 percentage points.
But there's a
difference between losing and getting embarrassed, and we have gotten outplayed by a much wider margin
than the talent
gap between these two teams.
and it may be these
differences that lie behind the
gaps in their children's success, rather
than the fact of marriage itself.
Among infants born during 2010 — 2013, the
gap in breastfeeding initiation between black and white infants was 17.2 percentage points, only slightly less
than the 19.9 percentage point
difference between black and white infants born during 2003 — 2006 (a timeframe when the methodology only included the landline sample)(4).
There are clear systematic
differences with Labour doing much better in the polls
than in the PNS (with very big
gaps during Blair's leadership up to the Iraq war: 1994 - 2003).
But the
gaps between those who see Warren as a champion and those rallying around Clinton appear far narrower
than the
differences that existed between Bill Clinton and Mario Cuomo.
The
difference in personal safety between the 5th percentile and the 20th percentile of school safety is much greater
than between the 20th percentile of school safety and the 65th percentile of school safety, even though the percentile
gap is three times as great.
WHEREAS, women make up 50 % of the population in Santa Clara County but face significant economic disparities, with an average pay
difference that is larger
than the national wage
gap of $.72 for a man's dollar, with women holding advanced degrees earning roughly $ 40,000 less
than their male counterparts, and 11 % of the County's female population living in poverty and approximately 33 % of the homeless population being women and girls, and
However, he said the degree of
difference in earnings suggested the horizontal stratification in education across field of study appears to be more consequential
than the usual focus on vertical stratification, which refers to the earnings
gap between levels of education.
If the single - parent family structure adversely affects children's educational outcomes, then the
difference in trends across income groups could possibly account for more of the growing
gap in educational attainment between rich and poor children
than income inequality itself.
Further, the size of the
gap is determined largely by
differences among students with mild rather
than severe learning difficulties.
This
difference represents less
than a third (30 percent) of the nearly $ 25,000 black - white
gap in total debt that exists four years later.
We find that previously - reported
differences in debt at graduation — of about $ 7,400 — are less
than one - third of the total black - white debt
gap four years later, due to
differences in both repayments and new graduate borrowing (we focus primarily on the black - white
gap, which is by far the most pronounced).
Finding # 2:
Differences in undergraduate borrowing explain less
than a third of the black - white
gap in total debt four years after graduation.
These
differences are even more pronounced in high - poverty schools, for which the
gap between the 25th and 75th percentile principal is more
than one - third of a standard deviation.
Children on free school meals achieve almost half a GCSE grade less in Attainment 8 core subjects
than more affluent pupils, according to the report, and 88 per cent of this
gap is believed to be due to
differences between pupils at the same school.
Among each of the ten largest districts in Florida, the observed range between the 10th and 90th percentile of the SES test score
gap is larger
than the observed
difference between the school district with the largest SES
gap and the school district with the smallest SES
gap (among the ten largest school districts in Florida, that is).
Stir in lack of teacher mobility, inadequate induction programs, poor working conditions, the lowest unemployment in three decades, and a growing salary
gap between teachers and other college graduates — a
difference of more
than $ 32,000 for experienced teachers with master's degrees — and you have created the worst shortage of qualified teachers ever.
In Australia, in scientific literacy the
gap between the average score of Indigenous and non-Indigenous students is equivalent to around two - and - a-half years of schooling; in reading literacy the
gap equates to around three years of schooling; and in mathematical literacy the
difference in average scores is equivalent to more
than two - and - a-third years of schooling.
We found negligible
differences in teacher quality between programs, amounting to no more
than 3 percent of the average test - score
gap between students from low - income families and their more affluent peers.
Even small
differences in summer learning can accumulate across years resulting in a substantially greater achievement
gap at the end of elementary school
than was present at the beginning (Alexander, Entwisle, & Olson, 2004; see also Borman & Dowling, 2006; Lai, McNaughton, Amituanai - Toloa, Turner, & Hsiao, 2009).
Taking this
difference into account cuts the black - white test - score
gap to less
than a fourth of a standard deviation in math and completely eliminates the
gap in reading.
While urban students overall do better in charter schools
than in traditional public schools — a conclusion found by rigorous studies that account for any potential
differences in the students going in — the
gap varies tremendously from place to place.
Sure enough there's a strong relationship between the poverty
gap and the suspensions
gap, with
differences in poverty explaining more
than a third of the
differences in discipline disparities from district to district.
This
gap is substantially smaller
than the
difference between what is perceived and what is desired on most other topics.
Differences in educational quality are now much more likely
than in the past to magnify the
gap in life outcomes between children from high - and low - income families.
The authors note that existing stereotypes about gender and reading lead to a «
gap [that] may reflect boys» fear of confirming the negative stereotype about their gender group in reading, rather
than intrinsic gender
differences favoring females in reading ability and motivation.»
And the study found that the nation's large black - white achievement
gap was due primarily to factors inside the school house, rather
than to
differences between black and white schools.
Although
differences in teacher and school characteristics — such as a teacher's experience or a school's student demographics — explained some of this
gap, more
than half of the
gap remained even after accounting for such factors.
The latest figures reveal primaries closed the progress
gap by one month (
difference between disadvantaged pupils and their peers) in 2015 (represented below by birth years, rather
than academic year).
The new JCW will further widen the power
gap between itself and the Cooper S — while the old Cooper S had 181 hp compared to the old JCW's 208 (a
difference of 27 hp) the new Mini John Cooper Works will have 42 more hp
than the 2014 Mini Cooper S.
Although the performance
difference is closer
than you might initially think, the
gap on track would undoubtedly be much wider.
Both Amazon's Kindle Fire HDX and Google's Nexus 7 closed the
gap on 10 - inch tablets, providing Retina Display graphics and fast quad - core processors and making the major
difference size rather
than performance.
In theory you should receive roughly the
difference between $ 4.08 and $ 3.40 when this happens, but it could also be zero if, for example, STP
gapped up on open to more
than $ 4.08.
In 2015, household debt grew 15 % faster
than income since 2003; however, the
gap between debt and revenue has been decreasing since the 2009 peak when there was a
difference of 49 %.
While Synchrony Bank allows customers to hold more
than one of their
Gap Inc. cards, the
differences between the cards are minor and the benefits overlap quite a bit.
The vortex depends on the temperature
difference between the Arctic and mid-latitudes, but that
gap is shrinking because the pole is warming faster
than anywhere on Earth.
Research has highlighted that despite 80 % of UK industries guilty of a gender pay
gap, beneath the scrutiny there are industries that actually represent a narrower pay
gap, with some of the highest paid jobs in the UK, possessing a less
than 10 % pay
gap difference.
They only have to pay you fair market value, which could be less
than you owe to the auto finance company, in which case you'd still have some portion of the loan to pay off yourself unless you have
gap insurance to pay for the
difference.
Sometimes referred to as an umbrella rider,
gap insurance will pay the
difference between the actual book value of your car, and the remaining balance on your car loan — if the amount that you owe on a car is higher
than what the car is actually worth.
The main
difference between
gap insurance and CRA is that CRA will pay 20 % more
than the ACV of your car, whether this exceeds or is less
than the amount you owe on a vehicle.
The only other marked
difference is that a cover letter gives you latitude to explain unique situations; the
gap in your work history or a non-standard career path, in greater detail
than on a resume.
A solution - oriented map for working with couples What to do next with challenging couples How to reverse negative momentum Blending marriage education with Divorce Busting therapy It takes one to tango A framework for working with individuals on relationship issues A crisis in the bedroom Bridging the desire
gap Overcoming infidelity Affair - proofing one s marriage Impasse busting How not to work harder
than they do What to do when one person has given up Overcoming the blame game and hopelessness Dropping the therapeutic rope Dealing with our own oppositional disorder Homework assignments that work Beyond techniques Giving clients open heart surgery Developing your own marriage class and taking it on the road If you work with couples and are committed to helping them resolve their
differences rather
than dissolve their marriages, you won't want to miss this intensive training.