That was consistent with a quasar, but dust blocked the definitive quasar signature of spectral lines emitted by
gas near the black hole.
To find out what's going on, Daniel Wang at the University of Massachusetts Amherst and his colleagues used NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory to measure the temperature and abundance of
gas near the black hole.
Instead, the X-ray data show
the gas near the black hole likely originates from winds produced by a disk - shaped distribution of young massive stars.
Not exact matches
These observations help clarify the origin of the powerful jet of
gas streaming from the galaxy's center at a high fraction of the speed of light: it is likely driven by the swirling matter
near the
black hole's boundary.»
Brilliant outbursts of radiation from
near the
black hole had spread outward, struck iron atoms in surrounding
gas clouds, and then reflected toward Earth, becoming visible here long after the original eruption.
Blobs of
gas roughly the mass of Jupiter (several illustrated) could form
near the
black hole at the center of the Milky Way and shoot into intergalactic space.
In the simulation, Bonnell and colleague Ken Rice of the University of Edinburgh placed a cloud of
gas 10 light years away from a
black hole on a path that would take it
near the edge of the
black hole.
Their tendency would be to cluster
near the centre of galaxies, making them more likely to pass
near the supermassive
black holes that sit there and run into the accretion discs of
gas that surround them.
Assuming this is the orbital period of hot
gas revolving
near the
black hole, the astronomers deduce that the monster weighs 450,000 to 5 million times more than the sun, agreeing with previous estimates and making the
black hole comparable to the 4 - million - solar - mass one at the Milky Way's center — but located in a galaxy 3.9 billion light - years away.
Previously, astronomers have used x-ray telescopes to observe strong winds very
near the massive
black holes at galactic centers (artist's concept, inset) and infrared wavelengths to detect the vast outflows of cool
gas (bluish haze in artist's concept, main image) from such galaxies as a whole, but they've never done so in the same galaxy.
Scientists can also do reverberation mapping, which uses X-ray telescopes to look for time differences between emissions from various locations
near the
black hole to understand the orbits of
gas and photons around the
black hole.
Light from
near a baby
black hole still enshrouded in a
gas cloud would emerge in infrared wavelengths, so redness is a good indicator that you've found one.
Now, professional researchers and Galaxy Zoo volunteers working together have found 19 similar objects — glowing
gas clouds
near galaxies whose
black holes appear quiet but probably blasted the clouds in the past.
The observations also showed that radiation from the
black hole was consistently
near or above the Eddington limit, the point of balance between the force of outward radiation from the hot
gases inside and the gravitation force acting inward.
Astronomers find evidence of enormous
black hole one hundred thousand times more massive than the sun in a
gas cloud
near the galaxy's centre.
Most X-rays are emitted by pockets of hot
gases found between galaxies and
near black holes.