Coal - fired power plants release more greenhouse
gases per unit of energy produced than any other electricity source (1).
Coal - fired power stations also produce more greenhouse
gases per unit of energy than any other type of power station.
The U.S. may emit more per capita than developing nations, but we use far less energy and emit far fewer greenhouse
gases per unit of economic output.
It is great to see China continuing to pursue policies that cut emissions of greenhouse
gases per unit of economic output.
What could be simpler: regulate the carbon intensity of fuels, namely the amount of greenhouse
gases per unit of fuel.
It's wonderful, but I'm afraid that you can only get there by C approaching — greenhouse
gas per unit of energy has to approach zero.
But coal remains about twice as carbon - intensive as natural
gas per unit of energy produced.
Not exact matches
Natural
Gas Natural gas futures were among the quarter's key decliners -LRB--7.5 %, to US$ 2.73 per million British thermal units) as production growth outweighed seasonal consumption and higher exports of the fuel.1 Spot prices saw an even larger drop of 20.6 % (to US$ 2.81) as the support of December's weather - related demand spikes faded and a more normal winter pattern developed.1 Natural gas generally took its downward price cues from elevated US production and growth in the natural gas - focused rig count, which increased from 179 to 194 in March alone.2 Despite the price drop, traders remained optimistic given surging US shale - gas exports and a supply deficit that was 20 % larger than the five - year average at March - end, the biggest in four years.3 Moreover, total natural gas inventories of 1.38 trillion cubic feet were nearly 33 % below their year - ago level.3 Meanwhile, the market appeared focused on an anticipated production surge (2018 is projected to be a record growth year for gas supplies) and may have overlooked intensifying demand as US exports increasingly helped drain suppli
Gas Natural
gas futures were among the quarter's key decliners -LRB--7.5 %, to US$ 2.73 per million British thermal units) as production growth outweighed seasonal consumption and higher exports of the fuel.1 Spot prices saw an even larger drop of 20.6 % (to US$ 2.81) as the support of December's weather - related demand spikes faded and a more normal winter pattern developed.1 Natural gas generally took its downward price cues from elevated US production and growth in the natural gas - focused rig count, which increased from 179 to 194 in March alone.2 Despite the price drop, traders remained optimistic given surging US shale - gas exports and a supply deficit that was 20 % larger than the five - year average at March - end, the biggest in four years.3 Moreover, total natural gas inventories of 1.38 trillion cubic feet were nearly 33 % below their year - ago level.3 Meanwhile, the market appeared focused on an anticipated production surge (2018 is projected to be a record growth year for gas supplies) and may have overlooked intensifying demand as US exports increasingly helped drain suppli
gas futures were among the quarter's key decliners -LRB--7.5 %, to US$ 2.73
per million British thermal
units) as production growth outweighed seasonal consumption and higher exports of the fuel.1 Spot prices saw an even larger drop of 20.6 % (to US$ 2.81) as the support of December's weather - related demand spikes faded and a more normal winter pattern developed.1 Natural
gas generally took its downward price cues from elevated US production and growth in the natural gas - focused rig count, which increased from 179 to 194 in March alone.2 Despite the price drop, traders remained optimistic given surging US shale - gas exports and a supply deficit that was 20 % larger than the five - year average at March - end, the biggest in four years.3 Moreover, total natural gas inventories of 1.38 trillion cubic feet were nearly 33 % below their year - ago level.3 Meanwhile, the market appeared focused on an anticipated production surge (2018 is projected to be a record growth year for gas supplies) and may have overlooked intensifying demand as US exports increasingly helped drain suppli
gas generally took its downward price cues from elevated US production and growth in the natural
gas - focused rig count, which increased from 179 to 194 in March alone.2 Despite the price drop, traders remained optimistic given surging US shale - gas exports and a supply deficit that was 20 % larger than the five - year average at March - end, the biggest in four years.3 Moreover, total natural gas inventories of 1.38 trillion cubic feet were nearly 33 % below their year - ago level.3 Meanwhile, the market appeared focused on an anticipated production surge (2018 is projected to be a record growth year for gas supplies) and may have overlooked intensifying demand as US exports increasingly helped drain suppli
gas - focused rig count, which increased from 179 to 194 in March alone.2 Despite the price drop, traders remained optimistic given surging US shale -
gas exports and a supply deficit that was 20 % larger than the five - year average at March - end, the biggest in four years.3 Moreover, total natural gas inventories of 1.38 trillion cubic feet were nearly 33 % below their year - ago level.3 Meanwhile, the market appeared focused on an anticipated production surge (2018 is projected to be a record growth year for gas supplies) and may have overlooked intensifying demand as US exports increasingly helped drain suppli
gas exports and a supply deficit that was 20 % larger than the five - year average at March - end, the biggest in four years.3 Moreover, total natural
gas inventories of 1.38 trillion cubic feet were nearly 33 % below their year - ago level.3 Meanwhile, the market appeared focused on an anticipated production surge (2018 is projected to be a record growth year for gas supplies) and may have overlooked intensifying demand as US exports increasingly helped drain suppli
gas inventories of 1.38 trillion cubic feet were nearly 33 % below their year - ago level.3 Meanwhile, the market appeared focused on an anticipated production surge (2018 is projected to be a record growth year for
gas supplies) and may have overlooked intensifying demand as US exports increasingly helped drain suppli
gas supplies) and may have overlooked intensifying demand as US exports increasingly helped drain supplies.
Natural
gas futures were among the quarter's key decliners -LRB--7.5 %, to US$ 2.73
per million British thermal
units) as production growth outweighed seasonal consumption and higher exports of the fuel.
On this occasion,
GAS hovered around 85 $
per one
unit, but it dropped to the current price of a bit over 14 $ in only 8 weeks.
Avista owns a 15 -
per - cent - stake in two of the four
units at the Colstrip plant in Montana — a major coal - mining state — and plans to use them for electricity production until 2035, said a spokesperson for the company that also operates hydroelectric dams, natural
gas and biomass generating plants and wind turbines.
June natural
gas NGM18, +0.26 % settled at $ 2.726
per million British thermal
units, down 2.8 cents, or 1 %, for its lowest finish since April 19, FactSet data show.
Natural
gas for June delivery rose 11.4 cents, or 2.5 percent, to $ 4.619
per million British thermal
units at the close on the New York Mercantile Exchange today, the highest settlement since May 7.
Carbon footprints as shown in the report refer to greenhouse
gas (GHG) emissions
per unit of product and thereby allow assessments at that level.
Learn how to use an online calculator to help track your Water use, Energy use, Greenhouse
Gas (GHG) emissions, and Applied Nitrogen
per unit of production
A new U.S. corrugated industry life cycle assessment (LCA) study shows a significant 32 percent reduction
per unit in the industry's greenhouse
gas (GHG) emissions between 2006 and 2010.
This system allows us to report energy and water consumption, greenhouse
gas emissions and waste generation at a global and site level, as an absolute figure or
per unit of production.
In furtherance of government's commitment to improve the business environment, the President revealed that Ghana National
Gas Company Limited (Ghana Gas) has responded favourably to the request of Twyford Ceramics Limited for a reduction of the price per unit gas supply to the company, and, indeed, to industries across the count
Gas Company Limited (Ghana
Gas) has responded favourably to the request of Twyford Ceramics Limited for a reduction of the price per unit gas supply to the company, and, indeed, to industries across the count
Gas) has responded favourably to the request of Twyford Ceramics Limited for a reduction of the price
per unit gas supply to the company, and, indeed, to industries across the count
gas supply to the company, and, indeed, to industries across the country.
Today, U.S. natural
gas is trading at under $ 3
per million British thermal
units, a rock - bottom price that's partly the result of a slower economy and the abundant new supply of shale
gas.
Leakiness («leak rate») is defined as the amount of methane a company emits
per unit of oil and
gas it produces at all the oil and
gas fields it operates in the United States.
U.S. coal eventually headed overseas While natural
gas prices are currently hovering around $ 2
per million British thermal
units, EIA projects that prices will gradually rise to a long - term average of around $ 6
per million Btu.
This risk factor pushes the «levelized» or all - in price of nuclear power from new
units to 8.4 cents
per kilowatt - hour, the MIT study concludes, versus 6.2 cents for coal - fired plants and 6.5 cents for natural
gas generation (if
gas is priced at $ 7
per million British thermal
units, or roughly 1,000 cubic feet of flowing
gas).
Burning natural
gas, for example, produces half as much carbon dioxide
per unit of energy as burning coal.
EIA predicts «much brighter prospects» for natural
gas supply, keeping prices at about $ 8
per million British thermal
units by 2030, compared with the International Energy Agency's outlook, which predicts $ 16
per million Btu by 2030, Gruenspecht said.
Instead it has set future limits on carbon intensity — the amount of greenhouse
gases emitted
per unit of GDP.
They found that because natural
gas plants are overall more efficient than coal plants, producing more energy
per unit of carbon, they could cause less warming in the long term.
Burney is examining a similar trade - off between sulfur and black carbon in the United States, as coal - fired electricity plants shift to cleaner natural
gas, which emits half as much CO2 as coal
per unit of electricity.
In Japan, for example, which relies on imported liquefied natural
gas, prices exceeded $ 16
per million British thermal
units, six times higher that what U.S. consumers paid.
By avoiding the need for
gas exchange during the day, they reduce evaporative losses through their leaves and so require much less water
per unit of biomass than other plants.
Concentration
units are parts
per million (ppm) or parts
per billion (ppb), indicating the number of molecules of the greenhouse
gas per million or billion molecules of air.
Thus 2 °C scenarios result in more CO2
per unit useable energy, release of substantial CH4 via the mining process and
gas transportation, and release of CO2 and other
gases via destruction of forest «overburden» to extract subterranean fossil fuels.
The statement also said that China will cut its carbon intensity, or greenhouse
gas emissions
per unit of GDP, by 60 - 65 percent from 2005 levels by 2030, a large increase from its 40 - 45 percent goal for 2020.
Widely considered to be one of the more stable oil and
gas energy trusts, ARC offers a 5 -
per - cent discount on reinvested dividends and cash payments used to buy more
units.
The company's president says the chain, which appears to have a legendary following thanks to its coffee and cheap
gas prices, plans to open five
units per year in New Jersey for the next decade and beyond.
The Howarth paper, «Methane and the greenhouse -
gas footprint of natural
gas from shale formations,» had estimated that leakage of
gas from hydraulic fracturing operations (given that natural
gas is mainly methane, a potent heat - trapping substance) and other factors made the climate impact of
gas from such wells substantially worse than that of coal, measured
per unit of energy.
The bill aims to thread various needles, for instance including measures to encourage a shift from coal and oil to natural
gas (which produces roughly half the emissions
per unit of energy) but in ways that won't alarm environmentalists worried about impacts of expanded
gas drilling.
The E.P.A. and EDGAR use a bottom - up approach, calculating total emissions based on «emissions factors» — the amount of methane typically released
per cow or
per unit of coal or natural
gas sold, for example.
Natural
gas is widely considered to be an environmentally cleaner fuel than coal because it does not produce detrimental by - products such as sulfur, mercury, ash and particulates and because it provides twice the energy
per unit of weight with half the carbon footprint during combustion.
A standardized
unit of measure, the global warming index (GWI) namely the grams of carbon dioxide equivalent
per megajoule of fuel delivered to the vehicle (gCO2e / MJ) is to be reported, adjusted, of course, for differences in the in - use energy efficiency of different fuels (e.g., gasoline versus diesel, versus natural
gas or hydrogen).
A band with optical thickess
per unit gas decaying exponentially away from a peak: Assuming the peak is saturated at some level within the atmopshere and there are no other absorbers in the same band of wavelengths above that level, increasing the concentration of that
gas will result in at least an instantaneous cooling forcing of the layer above (not necessarily all of the layer, but the instantaneous forcing on the layer as a whole will be negative).
Re 423 Chris G — whether the effect saturates at a given density depends on the way the temperature is distributed; if the temperature from TOA downward is isothermal for a sufficient thickness, than the effect could be saturated at TOA (if starting from a large enough optical thickness
per unit atmospheric mass path, a change in the density of the
gas / etc that contributes optical thickness would then have little to no effect on the flux at TOA, which is what is meant by saturation.
A sharp change in lapse rate will (absent sharp changes in optical thickness
per unit distance, which occurs at TOA and at the surface even in wavelength bands dominated by well - mixed
gases) tend to differ from radiative equilibrium — the inflection point may correspond to a maximum deviation from radiative equilibrium if the radiative equilibrium profile has some intermediate lapse rate in that vicinity.
Natural
gas, when extracted and burned without leakage, produces about half the carbon dioxide
per unit of energy produced compared to coal.
Raising $ 2 billion over ten years — or a modest $ 200 million annually — would thus require increasing royalties by just 15.8 cents
per barrel of oil and 2.7 cents
per million British thermal
units (MMBtus) of natural
gas (assuming the necessary revenues were spread across oil and
gas on an equal energy - content basis).
On average, electricity from natural
gas is many times more carbon - intensive
per unit than wind or solar.
Natural
gas emits less carbon dioxide
per unit of energy than coal.
Increasing the resiliency of 30 million farmers and reducing greenhouse
gas emissions by 20
per cent
per food
unit in the developing world.
Coal releases more carbon
per unit than petroleum and natural
gas.
The smallest subsidies on a
per unit basis were for coal, natural
gas and petroleum liquids, and municipal solid waste, all at less than $ 0.45
per megawatthour of generation.»
Mack Trucks achieved its initial goal by reducing U.S. greenhouse
gas emissions by 32 percent
per unit produced from 2003 to 2007.