Sentences with phrase «gene affects cells»

«We hope to shed light in this black box to reveal how the genes affect the cells» identity and behavior.»

Not exact matches

In Kilgrave's case, for example, the gene therapy would need to be done extensively until all of his millions of affected cells were treated, something that's quite unlikely.

Charlie inherited the faulty RRM2B gene from his parents, affecting the cells responsible for energy production and respiration and leaving him unable to move or breathe without a ventilator.

McCallion's strategy to make sense of all this data looks at the active genes in cells affected by a disease, groups of genes that interact with one another, their vulnerability to mutation and information from past scientific studies to filter more than a thousand gene candidates for disease risk down to just a handful within any one implicated region.

At best, the scientists say, there is a 50 - 50 chance that the gene closest to a mutation will even be active in the cell types affected by a disease.

This allows researchers to randomly screen the entire genome for genes that affect cell survival.

He identified gene mutations in breast cancer cells that affect their ability to recognize viruses, including some mutations that would be expected to significantly increase the cells» vulnerability to viruses implicated in breast cancer.

Researchers then tested cell cultures and mouse models by using a gene editing process called CRISPR - Cas9 to demonstrate how the presence or absence of myomaker and myomerger — both individually and in unison — affect cell fusion and muscle formation.

In comparison with African strains, infection by the Asian strain of Zika virus more potently affected the p53 gene and genes connected with cells» responses to viral infection, such as interferons.

Yang said the study not only indicated which genes are affected by traumatic brain injury and linked to serious disease, but also might point to the genes that govern metabolism, cell communication and inflammation — which might make them the best targets for new treatments for brain disorders.

However, microgravity can reduce cell growth, alter gene expression and change the pattern of root growth — all aspects which critically affect plant cultivation in space.

They generated an experimental model to investigate how one of the genes commonly mutated in blood cells of elderly humans, TET2, affects plaque development.

They found 204 that reactivated cell proliferation, including two that affected nearly 2000 genes.

The result was the largest deletion ever observed in the dystrophin gene using CRISPR / Cas9, and the study was the first to create corrected human iPS cells that could directly restore functional muscle tissue affected by Duchenne.

The stem cell gene therapy could be applicable for 60 percent of people with Duchenne, which affects approximately 1 in 5,000 boys in the U.S. and is the most common fatal childhood genetic disease.

«Our research has identified a gene affecting another type of ischemic stroke, due to small vessel disease, and also suggests some genes may be associated with both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke and may act through a novel pathway affecting pericytes, a type of cell in the wall of small arteries and capillaries.

In the early 2000s, cell biologists linked cyst formation to gene mutations that affect the primary cilia, hair - like projections from cells that seem to act as sensory antennae.

The new work, published today in Cell Reports, finds that the protein ADR - 1 binds to messenger ribonucleic acid, or mRNA, and then enhances RNA editing, a process that allows a gene to be present as multiple mRNAs that can then each affect gene expression differently.

The findings highlight specific sets of genes and the brain cells they affect as being involved in regulating anxiety.

This epigenetic alteration of gene activity in brain cells that receive this neurotransmitter showed for the first time that dopamine deficiencies can affect a variety of behavioral and physiological functions regulated in the prefrontal cortex.

A process that wipes egg and sperm cells clean misses some genes out, explaining how your bad habits may affect the DNA of your children and grandchildren

Among these is a substance, called EZH2, that affects the expression of a wide variety of genes, including those involved in cell development and differentiation.

To better understand how HMGA1 affected the rodents» intestines, Resar and Lingling Xian, M.D., Ph.D., research associate at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, and their colleagues examined the transgenic animals» intestinal cells to determine which ones were expressing this gene.

This analysis, done on separate samples from the same patient, revealed that many of the affected genes confer advantages to cancer cells by, for example, enhancing cell migration or resistance to chemotherapy.

The aberrant and ongoing activation of ERVs caused an accumulation of retroviral proteins in the affected cells and deregulation of genes and pathways.

Publishing in Nature, the study reports that genetic alterations affecting a part of the PD - L1 gene increases the production of the protein, allowing cancer cells to escape detection by the immune system.

«By identifying the full set of genes in each of these two cell types, we provide detailed information that taste scientists can use to help understand how these cells work, both when healthy and also when affected by damage or disease.»

This work, conducted by Yuliang Wang, now a senior research associate at Oregon Health & Science University, uncovered intriguing differences involving genes that affect the cells» metabolism.

Publishing in Nature, a recent study reports that genetic alterations affecting a part of the PD - L1 gene increases the production of the protein, allowing cancer cells to escape detection by the immune system.

The team also found five genes in domestic cats that influence the migration of neural crest cells, stem cells in the developing embryo that affect everything from skull shape to coat color.

Unlike genetic mutations that affect DNA and the genome, epigenetic markers turn genes on and off to regulate cell processes, which if altered may lead to disease, he explains.

The research suggests that reducing production of the protein, called myoferlin, affects cancer cells in two primary ways: by changing the activation of many genes involved in metastasis in favor of normal cell behavior, and by altering mechanical properties of cancer cells — including their shape and ability to invade — so they are more likely to remain nested together rather than breaking away to travel to other tissues.

The work, published online this week in the journal Nature, suggests modulation of «enhancer - directed RNAs» or «eRNAs» could provide a new way to alter gene expression in living cells, perhaps affecting the development or pathology of many diseases.

«Scientists determine structure of enzyme linked with key cell - signaling protein: Findings aid understanding of how modifications to cell - signaling protein affect its action in turning genes on and off.»

«Because many broadly expressed genes that play key roles in essential cellular functions are under the control of cell - specific enhancers, the ability to affect enhancer function by knocking down eRNAs could potentially provide a new strategy for altering gene expression in vivo in a cell - specific manner,» said Glass, noting that in his research, anti-sense oligonucleotides were developed in conjunction with Isis Pharmaceuticals, which suppressed enhancer activity and reduced expression in nearby genes.

In one experiment, the researchers created arrays of mammary epithelial cells and asked how adding one or more cells expressing low levels of the cancer gene RasG12V affected the cells around them.

Further analysis showed that wild type HIV - 1 tends to integrate itself into or near genes affecting CD4 + T cell activation and metabolism more frequently than does the mutant strain.

HIF regulates genes that dictate how the human body responds to a lack of oxygen, he said, but it can also affect genes that determine whether a cell divides and how that cell can affect neighboring cells.

Molecular analysis showed that heart cells in affected animals were poorly developed and had mitochondrial defects, indicating that Sap130 - Pcdha9 gene interactions play a crucial role not only in heart development but also in regulating metabolic function of the cardiac muscle.

The researchers also tested how the loss of HSF1 affected mouse cells carrying either of two cancer - inducing mutant genes.

The study reveals that the mutated gene affects a key housekeeping process that is required for removing unwanted molecules from cells in the body.

It now appears that the clocks and clock - related genes — some 20 such genes have been identified — affect virtually all of the cells» metabolic pathways, from blood sugar regulation to cholesterol production.

Research from other scientists at Johns Hopkins, he says, had suggested that some tumors, particularly those that affect the nervous system, have mutations in the ATRX gene, which produces proteins that appear to maintain the length of telomeres, repetitive segments of DNA on the ends of chromosomes that typically shorten each time a cell divides.

Using novel technologies developed at HMS, the team looked at how a single sensory experience affects gene expression in the brain by analyzing more than 114,000 individual cells in the mouse visual cortex before and after exposure to light.

With this type of cancer, the genes in the white blood cells affected change slightly, causing two chromosomes to cross.

Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) scientists have profiled key features of the genetic material inside three types of brain cells and found vast differences in the patterns of chemical modifications that affect how the genes in each type of neuron are regulated.

At Emory, the pause has halted not only the CEIRS project with the lab - attenuated PR8 strain, but also a research grant project headed by Anice Lowen that is looking at how the cell types targeted by two different influenza viruses affect their propensity to exchange genes.

Although the biological mechanisms through which this polymorphism could affect aging are not known, it is adjacent to two genes called CDKN2A and CDKN2B, which play an important role in cell cycle regulation.

«Mapping the genes that increase lifespan: Comprehensive study finds 238 genes that affect aging in yeast cells.»

In the study, which began in 2011, an adeno - associated virus vector was used to carry a functional copy of the affected gene to muscle cells in the diaphragms of nine patients.