Sentences with phrase «gene clusters called»

The invasion of epithelial cells and immune cells are controlled by two separate gene clusters called Salmonella Pathogenicity Islands 1 and 2 (SPI1, SPI2) respectively.

The cyanobacteria timekeeper is based on a gene cluster called kaiABC and the molecular fuel ATP.

Not exact matches

Clusters of genes that became less active were those governed by a master gene called NF - kappaB, which triggers chronic inflammation leading to diseases including high blood pressure, heart disease, inflammatory bowel disease and some cancers.

Recent advances combining the gene - editing tool CRISPR — Cas9 (for, clustered, regularly interspaced, short palindromic repeats with a guiding enzyme called Cas9) are now making it easier for scientists to modify a genome such that nearly all offspring inherit the desired trait.

The bacteria have a genome distinguished by a cluster of genes called the Francisella Pathogenicity Island.

The so - called SERPINB gene cluster on chromosome 18 was identified as a specific genetic risk locus for food allergies.

The new locus they have identified is near a cluster of genes which code for proteins called «glycophorins» that are involved in the malaria parasite's invasion of red blood cells.

RNA sequencing of both single and clustered CTCs from breast cancer patients identified several genes expressed at elevated levels in CTC clusters, one of which — a protein called plakoglobin — also was overexpressed in the primary tumors of patients with reduced survival.

Over the past 3 years, a method called CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) has made editing genes a whole lot easier.

The gene cluster is found in several distantly related groups, suggesting that the fungi swapped genes in a process called horizontal gene transfer.

That's because the genes that give bacteria resistance to antibiotics often cluster on bits of genetic material called plasmids.

To understand the selection mechanism behind mutations, network - based studies were used to estimate the importance of a mutated protein compared to non-mutated ones in signalling and protein — protein interaction networks.10, 11,12,13 Proteins mutated in cancer were found having a high number of interacting partners (i.e., a high degree of connectivity), which indicates high local importance.10 Mutated proteins are also often found in the centre of the network, in key global positions, as quantified by the number of shortest paths passing through them if all proteins are connected with each other (i.e., they have high betweenness centrality; hereafter called betweenness).11, 12 Mutated proteins also have high clustering coefficients, which means their neighbours are also neighbours of each other.10, 13 Moreover, neighbourhood analysis of mutated proteins have been previously successfully used to predict novel cancer - related genes.14, 15 However, to the best of our knowledge, no study has concentrated particularly on the topological importance of first neighbours of mutated proteins in cancer, and their usefulness as drug targets themselves.