Sentences with phrase «gene complex regulates»

Notably, this ESC / E (Z)(Extra Sex Combs / Enhancer of Zeste) gene complex regulates epigenetic mechanisms that govern the transcription of genes into proteins in response to the environment — including sex hormones and stressors.

Not exact matches

EPFL biologists and geneticists have uncovered how the circadian clock orchestrates the 24 - hour cycle of gene expression by regulating the structure of chromatin, the tightly wound DNA - protein complex of the cell.

Biologists assumed that proteins alone regulate the genes of humans and other complex organisms.

In Class I engagement, Sox9 binds to the genome indirectly via the basal transcriptional complex, regulating transcription of genes for basal cell activities.

Disease processes often begin with mutations in the transcription factor, or in the DNA they bind to inside the nucleus of cells to regulate the complex interplay of genes needed for a healthy functioning body.

The process by which bacteria make cellulose and secrete it to build biofilms is already quite complex, regulated by more than a dozen different genes working together.

The protein RYBP is best known to regulate gene expression, being a member of the large epigenetic protein complex PRC1.

- Our results provide new insights into the mechanisms of how POLR3G gene regulates stem cell state, which in turn sheds light on the complex mechanisms with which human embryonic stem cells both self - renew and maintain the ability to differentiate.

«The parts of the human genome linked to complex diseases such as heart disease, cancer and neurological disorders can often be far away from the genes they regulate, so it can be dificult to figure out which gene is being affected and ultimately causing the disease.»

«I considered that this was part of a larger protein complex that was regulating many, many genes, and I thought it was important to find out what the protein normally does to regulate the complex,» he says.

Broken transposons can provide raw materials that over time become complex gene - regulating switches.

In healthy cells, Arid1b is part of a bigger complex (called SWI / SNF) that regulates the activity of hundreds of genes.

«Our hypothesis is that structures conserved in RNA are like a common template for regulating gene expression in mammals — and that this could even be extrapolated to vertebrates and less complex organisms.»

«On the one hand, it says that we should regulate by the product, and not the process, but then goes on to admit that the newer GE techniques, such as gene editing and synthetic biology, will produce more diverse and complex traits in more crops that could raise new safety concerns, noting that even the newer gene editing techniques have off - target effects,» he said.

The activities of our genes are tightly regulated by elaborate complexes of proteins that assemble on DNA.

«We realized that studying the lithium response could be used as a «molecular can - opener» to unravel the molecular pathway of this complex disorder, that turns out not to be caused by a defect in a gene, but rather by the posttranslational regulation (phosphorylation) of the product of a gene — in this case, CRMP2, an intracellular protein that regulates neural networks,» added Snyder.

Gene chips, for instance, can measure the expression of thousands of genes at a time, but the important question is how one gene regulates others within that incredibly complex web of relationshGene chips, for instance, can measure the expression of thousands of genes at a time, but the important question is how one gene regulates others within that incredibly complex web of relationshgene regulates others within that incredibly complex web of relationships.

One of the gene's molecular targets, for example, is a microRNA (a small noncoding RNA molecule) called let7, which in turn regulates hundreds of other genes, so the effects of Lin28a can set off a complex array of regulatory interactions.

The genomic DNA of complex organisms is wrapped around nucleosomes and packaged into various conformations that regulate the access of different gene regulatory factors to their target sites.

«Because the Met - SRC complex regulates a gene that controls reproductive development in crustaceans, we know that such activity means there is a significant likelihood of environmental toxicity — enough to make it a priority for in - depth toxicity testing,» LeBlanc says.

The researchers found that once inside the nucleus, influenza A hijacks the RNA exosome, an essential protein complex that degrades RNA as a way to regulate gene expression.

Abbreviations: Aβ, amyloid β - peptide; AD, Alzheimer's disease; ALS, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; Ambra1, activating molecule in Beclin -1-regulated autophagy; AMPK, AMP - activated protein kinase; APP, amyloid precursor protein; AR, androgen receptor; Atg, autophagy - related; AV, autophagic vacuole; Bcl, B - cell lymphoma; BH3, Bcl - 2 homology 3; CaMKKβ, Ca2 + - dependent protein kinase kinase β; CHMP2B, charged multivesicular body protein 2B; CMA, chaperone - mediated autophagy; 2 ′ 5 ′ ddA, 2 ′, 5 ′ - dideoxyadenosine; deptor, DEP - domain containing mTOR - interacting protein; DRPLA, dentatorubral pallidoluysian atrophy; 4E - BP1, translation initiation factor 4E - binding protein - 1; Epac, exchange protein directly activated by cAMP; ER, endoplasmic reticulum; ERK1 / 2, extracellular - signal - regulated kinase 1/2; ESCRT, endosomal sorting complex required for transport; FAD, familial AD; FDA, U.S. Food and Drug Administration; FIP200, focal adhesion kinase family - interacting protein of 200 kDa; FoxO3, forkhead box O3; FTD, frontotemporal dementia; FTD3, FTD linked to chromosome 3; GAP, GTPase - activating protein; GR, guanidine retinoid; GSK3, glycogen synthase kinase 3; HD, Huntington's disease; hiPSC, human induced pluripotent stem cell; hVps, mammalian vacuolar protein sorting homologue; IKK, inhibitor of nuclear factor κB kinase; IMPase, inositol monophosphatase; IP3R, Ins (1,4,5) P3 receptor; I1R, imidazoline - 1 receptor; JNK1, c - Jun N - terminal kinase 1; LC3, light chain 3; LD, Lafora disease; L - NAME, NG - nitro - L - arginine methyl ester; LRRK2, leucine - rich repeat kinase 2; MIPS, myo - inositol -1-phosphate synthase; mLST8, mammalian lethal with SEC13 protein 8; MND, motor neuron disease; mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin; mTORC, mTOR complex; MVB, multivesicular body; NAC, N - acetylcysteine; NBR1, neighbour of BRCA1 gene 1; NOS, nitric oxide synthase; p70S6K, ribosomal protein S6 kinase - 1; PD, Parkinson's disease; PDK1, phosphoinositide - dependent kinase 1; PE, phosphatidylethanolamine; PI3K, phosphoinositide 3 - kinase; PI3KC1a, class Ia PI3K; PI3KC3, class III PI3K; PI3KK, PI3K - related protein kinase; PINK1, PTEN - induced kinase 1; PKA, protein kinase A; PLC, phospholipase C; polyQ, polyglutamine; PS, presenilin; PTEN, phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted from chromosome 10; Rag, Ras - related GTP - binding protein; raptor, regulatory - associated protein of mTOR; Rheb, Ras homologue enriched in brain; rictor, rapamycin - insensitive companion of mTOR; SBMA, spinobulbar muscular atrophy; SCA, spinocerebellar ataxia; SLC, solute carrier; SMER, small - molecule enhancer of rapamycin; SMIR, small - molecule inhibitor of rapamycin; SNARE, N - ethylmaleimide - sensitive factor - attachment protein receptor; SOD1, copper / zinc superoxide dismutase 1; TFEB, transcription factor EB; TOR, target of rapamycin; TSC, tuberous sclerosis complex; ULK1, UNC -51-like kinase 1; UVRAG, UV irradiation resistance - associated gene; VAMP, vesicle - associated membrane protein; v - ATPase, vacuolar H + - ATPase; Vps, vacuolar protein sorting

T binding to the AR converts the latter to a transcription factor; the T - AR complex then translocates to the nucleus and associates with DNA to regulate androgen - specific gene expression.1

Additionally, the proteasome regulates cell - cycle, antigen processing through class I major histocompatibility complex molecules, gene expression, and cell signaling (43).