Sentences with phrase «gene conversion in»

Widespread gene conversion in centromere cores.

Not exact matches

During this time, transcription — the conversion of gene «recipes» encoded in DNA to mRNA, the messenger that carries the recipe to the cell's protein - making machinery — is completely shut off.

A strong, male - biased mutation spectrum was also measured, wherein three - quarters of mutations occurred in sperm thorough spermatogenesis, as well as new structural alterations, such as changes in gene conversion and copy number.

Evidence for GC - biased gene conversion as a driver of between - lineage differences in avian base composition

GC - biased gene conversion correlates with recombination rate (86), and new GC alleles reach fixation more easily in species with larger population sizes, which tend to also have smaller body sizes (87).

Twisted signatures of GC - biased gene conversion embedded in an evolutionary stable karyotype

The activity of each gene then was analyzed in an attempt to find the specific transcription factor responsible for regulating the conversion of sugar to starch in the above - ground portions of the plant, primarily the grains.

They found changes in gene expression that help explain how effective treatment leads to conversion of aggressor into protector cells.

A human - specific gene expressed only in glial cells of the brain apparently arose from conversion of the ancestral gene by a nonfunctional pseudogene in a common human chimp ancestor.

Apparently, as more stabilized PRDM16 accumulates in white fat cells, it eventually reaches a concentration high enough to flip the gene - controlled switch that begins the desired conversion to brown fat.

More specifically, rabbits have two antibodies in affinity maturation mechanisms: gene conversion and hypermutation, as opposed to mice where no gene conversion occurs.

Characterized the role of biased gene conversion, a non-adaptive recombination associated process, in shaping the fastest evolving regions of the human genome.

Biased gene conversion and GC - content evolution in the coding sequences of reptiles and vertebrates.

Cancer Center scientists develop a conversion test that is nearly 100 percent effective in unmasking hidden gene mutations in patients with a family history of colon cancer.

Using exome sequences from 3222 British - Pakistani individuals with high parental relatedness, we estimate a mutation rate of 1.45 ± 0.05 × 10 -LRB--8) per base pair per generation in autosomal coding sequence, with a corresponding non-crossover gene conversion rate of 8.75 ± 0.05 × 10 -LRB--6) per base pair per generation.

Our results establish gene conversion as a previously under - appreciated mechanism of generating copy number changes in humans and reveal the exceptionally large size of the conversion events that can occur.

And two studies published this summer in Nature Biotechnology found that direct conversion methods to produce neural stem cells that employ the traditional reprogramming genes actually pass the cells through a pluripotent step.

These elements function by «homing», or the conversion of heterozygotes to homozygotes in the germline, which renders offspring more likely to inherit the gene drive element and the accompanying alteration than via Mendelian inheritance (Fig. 1a)[2].

In fact, the more mutations one has at this gene, the less able one is to make this conversion, requiring supplementation with Methyl - B12, Folate, and B6.

If a women carries both genes that reduce this conversion, she can have a one - third to two - third reduction in the ratio of retinyl palmitate (active vitamin A) to beta - carotene circulating in her blood.27 Studies conducted by scientists with the USDA Agricultural Research Service confirm that 45 percent of individuals can not achieve adequate vitamin A status from beta - carotene alone.28, 29