Since regeneration recapitulates in broad strokes embryonic development, during which a complex multi-cellular organism develops from a handful of embryonic stem cells, the researchers began by comparing
gene expression patterns between the two processes.
Not exact matches
The
gene expression patterns, like the structural changes, then returned to pre-eating state within 10 days after eating, «indicating a tight association
between differential
gene expression and the rapid and cyclic physiological remodeling of the intestine,» the researchers said.
However, that assay doesn't pinpoint the moment of activation or provide a straightforward way to quantify the connections
between microglial activation and
gene expression patterns.
Surprisingly, they found that although the
patterns of
gene expression — as shown by the RNA sequencing — differed
between the hepatocellular carcinomas and the liver cancers with biliary phenotype and depended on the histological type, the overall
pattern of mutations in the cells was actually similar
between the tumors — of either type — that had emerged in patients who had had infections with either hepatitis C or B, and were different in patients without such infections.
Rather than listing specific
genes that manifest themselves differently, or are differentially expressed,
between queens and workers, the team looked for
genes with similar
expression patterns across samples that may be involved in maintaining the structural, behavioural and functional differences observed
between queens and workers.
Differentially connected
genes are
genes with the highest amount of differential connectivity
between human and mouse, these are
genes with non-conserved
expression patterns.
A detailed comparison of
gene expression signatures
between ETP ALL tumors and and normal human hematopoietic progenitor cells revealed a somewhat surprising finding: ETP - ALL
expression patterns were less consistent with early T - cell precursors, as might have been expected, but more similar to the
expression profile of normal hematopoietic stem cells and granulocyte macrophage precursors.
Figure 4:
Patterns of Hox
gene expression have diverged
between arthropods and their relatives such as centipedes (top left and top right) and onychophorans (center and bottom left and right).
Bottom 10 % CCGs are the
genes with the least amount of co-expressed orthologs shared
between human and mouse, these
genes are likely to have divergent
expression patterns between both species.
A careful examination of tassel development in the maize BR mutants, and evaluation of
gene expression patterns during BR loss and GA supplementation, may help shed light on links
between these two systems.
The research also showed that
gene expression patterns of individual tumors varied considerably, and could exceed the variation observed
between different cancer types.
-LSB-...] Back in December, I wrote about two studies that compared global
patterns of
gene expression between germ cells and somatic cells in Volvox carteri, one by Benjamin Klein, Daniel Wibberg and Armin Hallmann from the University of Bielefeld in Germany and one by Gavriel Matt and Jim Umen from Washington University in St. Louis and the Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, respectively.
Chromatin loops, which allow contacts
between regulatory elements controlling
gene expression, displayed cell type - specific
patterns (B cells vs. iPSCs)
The only clue indicating that differences in
gene expression level are not the reason for the observed correlation
between the recombination rate and the size of introns is that we do not see a comparable
pattern when examining the size of exons, the number of exons per
gene, and the overall size of proteins.
Already, we see great benefit from the reciprocal links
between gene expression patterns in BGEM with the Mutant Mouse Regional Resource Centers and with GENSAT.