Sentences with phrase «gene flow between»

At the same time, FWS recognizes that it has not evaluated the potential long - term effects of big renewable energy projects that fragment or isolate desert tortoise conservation areas, possibly «cutting off gene flow between these areas.»

In comparison, gene flow between Finland and Scandinavia appeared to be restricted, and was found to be absent from the east towards Scandinavia,» he says.

Therefore, Y chromosome gene flow between members of the gambiae complex is possible even at their current level of divergence.

Gene flow between commercial and native varieties is a natural process that has been occurring for many decades.»

Cumulatively, and over time, these mechanisms lead to widespread gene flow between very different types of organisms, and recent advances in genomics show that transgenes are common and widespread in most, if not all lineages.

Population - level investigations can determine geographical boundaries of populations, gene flow between populations (population connectivity), and genetic diversity within populations.

First, previous estimates of gene flow between rabbit subspecies using an Isolation - with - Migration model [36], [37] and a similar sampling scheme to the one used here suggest moderate to high levels of gene exchange (2Nm ≈ 1.2 for the autosomes averaged in both directions)[26].

Dr. Muthu Bagavathiannan, weed scientist; Dr. Bill Rooney, sorghum breeder; and Dr. Patricia Klein, sorghum geneticist and molecular biologist, all with AgriLife Research in College Station, have teamed up to study gene flow between sorghum and johnsongrass.

The regional differentiation between African and Asian H. erectus populations, and the eventual transition of the former into H. heidelbergensis, and between H. sapiens and H. neanderthalensis suggests that there was limited gene flow between Africa and Asia.

«But the longevity of this technology depends on how well we confine, mitigate and / or manage gene flow between the two species.

Gene flow between the two species can also cause ecological and environmental problems, especially if the introduced trait provides an adaptive advantage to the progeny such as disease or insect resistance, Bagavathiannan said.

Integration of niche models and phylogenetic estimates suggests that climatic cooling may have promoted range contact and gene flow between currently highly disjunct species.

We therefore used several approaches and different nuclear markers to infer the phylogenetic relationships and to estimate the amount of gene flow between ancient and modern horses.

The D - statistic was used to examine the presence of gene flow between the ancient horse population, the Przewalski's horse population, and the population of domesticated horses.

Using nuclear haplotypes with microsatellites to study gene flow between recently separated Cichlid species Hey, J., Y. Won, A. Sivasundar, R. Nielsen, et al. 2004.

The similarity between the two species, however, implies minimal divergence time, so gene flow between North American and European populations would have been possible at some point shortly before that date.

Paleoanthropologists Jean - Jacques Hublin and Luke Premo of the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig, Germany, tested this hypothesis by simulating how mating preferences alter gene flow between individuals in different groups.

According to this view, archaic humans were not replaced by anatomically modern humans, but rather, gene flow between Africa, Europe, and Asia, led to the evolution of modern humans from local populations.

* For a description of additional methods used by Green et al. to detect gene flow between Neandertals and modern humans, see the News story by A. Gibbons.

Green et al. thus suggest that gene flow between Neandertals and modern humans occurred prior to the divergence of European and Asian populations.

The finding that they can germinate on ash plants and in forest debris means more strains of the fungus can proliferate in any one cluster of ash trees than previously thought, increasing gene flow between the strains and possibly leading to faster fungal evolution.

Similarly, a 2009 study by Flesch showed a significant amount of gene flow between desert bighorn sheep populations in the U.S. and Mexico.

Indeed, even just a low level of gene flow between populations can counter opposing forces of mutation, genetic drift, and selection.

«Our findings were quite surprising because females typically just select sperm from males of their own species during fertilization, an action that does not lead to long - term consequences because there is no gene flow between the species,» said Asher Cutter, associate professor of ecology and evolutionary biology at the University of Toronto.

The samples were then analyzed with a technique called polymerase chain reaction (PCR), used to amplify specific nuclear «microsatellites» for statistically measuring gene flow between the different populations and subpopulations located in the western South Atlantic (Breeding Stock A) and the eastern South Atlantic and Indian Ocean populations (Breeding Stocks B and C, and the Arabian Sea humpback whale population, respectively).

«There won't be as much gene flow between them and also, if a lot of areas they depend on for food are being wiped out, we will see primates foraging on crops and increasing human - primate conflict in some of these areas,» she says.

Tomas Marques - Bonet of the Universitat Pompeu Fabra noted that studying gene flow between ancient humans such as Neanderthals, Denisovans and the ancestors of modern humans has revealed numerous genes under selection that affect disease and an individual's traits.

Based on their analyses, they estimate that gene flow between the two species occurred between 200,000 and 550,000 years ago.

«We see this massive mosaic, with gene flow between east and west and between wild and domesticated.»

While the authors found evidence for gene flow between sampled groups, the ancestral population of Aboriginal Australians started to become structured around 31» 000 years ago thus creating the genetic diversity observed today.

There could be other explanations for these shared traits, but, he adds, early in human evolution, «It's possible there was gene flow between all three species.»

Large genetic distance, multiple genetically fixed nucleotide site differences, morphological and habitat distinctions, and extremely limited hybridization of gene flow between forest and savannah elephants support the recognition and conservation management of two African species: Loxodonta africana and Loxodonta cyclotis.

In its modern form, this «riverine barrier hypothesis» posits that the Amazon's major rivers functioned as natural barriers to gene flow between populations.

They found that the Neanderthal genome shows more similarity with non-African modern humans throughout Europe and Asia than with African modern humans, suggesting that the gene flow between us and Neanderthals most likely occurred outside Africa as humans were en route to Europe, Asia, and New Guinea.

Hammer is among the minority of geneticists who have espoused the idea of gene flow between archaic and modern populations.

«Thus, both palaeo - anthropological and genetic evidence increasingly points to multiregional origins of anatomically modern humans in Africa, i.e. Homo sapiens did not originate in one place in Africa, but might have evolved from older forms in several places on the continent with gene flow between groups from different places,» says Carina Schlebusch.

A genomic analysis published in Scientific Reports in April explained why: Gene flow between different species is common and can result in fertile hybrids.

«We can't be sure of that, but the level of similarity suggests that there's ongoing gene flow between these rivers.»

The effect of this assortative mating is to reduce gene flow between geographical groups, and to increase the genetic distance between groups.

Not exact matches

DNA comparisons between modern humans, Neanderthals and Denisovian hominids shows similarities and gene flow, but also shows clear differences distinguishing the branches.

Here's how DNA and connectivity relate: When movements and mating across blocks of territory are taking place smoothly, gene flow is unrestricted, and scientists don't find a difference in DNA between the members of a species or subspecies.

Caribou populations are predicted to become more isolated and fragmented as climate change shrinks habitat and as caribou have fewer opportunities for genes to flow between individuals and herds, explained Hundertmark.

Elephants were just too mobile; too much gene flow had occurred, especially between East and South African elephants, to preserve distinctive genetic signatures.

As it turns out, despite the initial skepticism about the importance of gene flow, modern empirical and theoretical research using up - to - date molecular and DNA techniques have shown us not only how surprisingly far the flow of genes between distant plant populations can be, but also that the flow of alleles among populations is just as important, if not more so in some cases, as natural selection.

So how much gene flow is there between plant populations?

I think the gene flow [between elephant populations] has occurred so recently, there's not much of a prospect of establishing different genotypes.»

Assuming a simple three population model with no post-divergence gene flow, where population C is an outgroup to A and B, the value of this statistic will reflect the amount of shared drift between A and B relative to C.

When considering the split between the ancient population and the ancestors of modern domesticated horses, where we identified significant amounts of gene flow (below), this method underestimates the population split time, and therefore provides a lower boundary for the population split time estimate (SI Appendix, section 2.8.2).

«Our work suggests that a few advantageous mutations are enough to cause a «tug - of - war» between natural selection and gene flow, which can lead to rapidly diverging genomes,» Kronforst said.

Caspi and Moffitt built on earlier research focusing on a variation in a gene called the serotonin transporter, which normally helps information flow between nerve cells in the brain.