Sentences with phrase «gene functions as»

This work presents a genomic analysis of the UM270 gene functions as compared to other available pseudomonad genomes, highlighting the genetic and functional differences between each strain of this group of fluorescent and plant growth - promoting bacteria.

Less is more: loss of gene functions as a driving force of developmental evolution Organizers: Ingo Braasch, Cristian Cañestro

When the «healthy» HD gene functions as it should, one of its many jobs is in the development of normal embryos.

The technology was just not efficient enough to try to look at individual gene function as the embryo develops.»

Not exact matches

The advance is based on a technique that allows scientists to narrow in on a specific gene and cut - and - paste bits of DNA to change its function, known as CRISPR - Cas9.

Our genome is nearly identical to the chimpanzee genome, a little less identical to the gorilla genome, a little less identical to the orangutan genome, and so on — and this correspondence is present in ways that are not needed for function (such as the location of shared genetic defects, the order of genes on chromosomes, and on and on).

It has been estimated that 5 % to 10 % of infants who die from SIDS have novel mutations in the cardiac sodium or potassium channel genes that result in long QT syndrome as well as in other genes that regulate channel function.44 A recent report described important new molecular and functional evidence that implicates specific SCN5A (sodium channel gene) β subunits in SIDS pathogenesis.47 The identification of polymorphisms in genes pertinent to the embryologic origin of the autonomic nervous system in SIDS cases also lends support to the hypothesis that a genetic predisposition contributes to the etiology of SIDS.

These proteins constantly move along the strands of our DNA, turning specific genes on and off to make sure cells function as expected.

Epigenetic tags help tell genes — stretches of DNA that act as biological instruction manuals — when to switch «on» and «off,» ultimately determining cell type and function.

When similar analysis was performed on the db mice, it was found that the disrupted db gene was responsible for encoding a protein that functions as a leptin receptor: When it binds circulating leptin at the cell surface, it sets in motion a biochemical cascade inside the cell.

As of the early 2000s, the study of gene structure and function, molecular genetics, has been amongst the most prominent sub-field of molecular biology.

In all the pathways so far investigated, the final result is a gradient of morphogen that functions principally as a transcription factor, initiating or suppressing the transcription of one or more target genes in a concentration - dependent manner.

The genes that encode the botulinum toxin protein along with accessory proteins that protect the botulinum toxin and ensure it functions, are organised as a gene cluster.

Current research shows that so - called «orphan genes» may appear as if by magic as a result of mutations in segments of DNA that previously had no function.

What's more, the gene codes for a chemical receptor involved in many brain functions, such as learning and memory, so the gene might also be involved in behavioral disorders.

«The key point here is that we can say something about how the gene acts to influence this behavior — that is, is by functioning as a chemical messenger in cells that control this behavior in the brain.

Gene expression is the process whereby the genetic information of DNA is used to manufacture functional products, such as proteins, which have numerous different functions in living organisms.

These strands, known as oligonucleotides, take only a day or two to prepare and can be used to create custom genes to give cells new functions.

To test the hypothesis, sperm RNA elements corresponding to specific genes were characterized as a function of disease association.

As mere fragments of genes, ESTs by themselves generally have no intrinsic function in an organism.

Because the prion - forming protein identified in the study normally functions as a regulator of gene activity, the researchers say their discovery raises the possibility that when it switches to a prion state, it could alter genetic expression and bacterial behavior.

These two gene families likely allowed the octopus to build unique neural circuits serving functions such as memory, navigation and planning.

It is being used as a genome - wide tool, to search thousands of genes in a cell and screen for their function.

After extensive analysis of this new gene, the team discovered that moc1 functions as a chloroplast - specific «Holliday junction resolvase», which Nishimura continues, «is very important in untangling a DNA structure called Holliday junctions.

All adult cells contain an organism's entire set of genes, but they shut off all save those genes they need to function as hair, blood and so forth.

With rapid advances over the past 10 years in technologies for discovering and analyzing the functions of genes, researchers are now increasingly able to get at the biological roots of complex disorders such as substance abuse and addiction.

They processed data relating to genetics, including DNA sequences, and to gene expression, as well as epigenetic features — chemical reactions that influence genome functioning and hence phenotype by activating and deactivating genes.

Korenberg was the early pioneer of studying these individuals with partial gene deletions as a way of gathering clues to the specific function of those genes and gene networks.

Indeed, after Siddle added a squirt of interferon - gamma — a chemical messenger that activates numerous genes involved in producing MHC antigens — to cells cultured from devil tumors, the MHC genes functioned normally again, and the tumor cells» identity cards showed up, plain as day.

Since beginning a lab dedicated to understanding cancer metastasis at Rockefeller six years ago, Associate Professor Sohail Tavazoie has found that microRNAs — tiny strands of RNA that function as switches to inactivate specific genes — play an important role in controlling genes linked to metastasis.

The cut DNA is then either left as - is, silencing it, or repaired by using the gene editor to slip in a new, functioning segment.

The two genes implicated — GNAQ and GNA11 — code for proteins (known as G proteins) that normally function as molecular on - off switches, regulating the passage of information from the outside to the inside of a cell.

First author Kim Martinod, a graduate student in the Immunology Graduate Program at the Harvard University Medical School, found that, in response to vein constriction, these «rescued» mice now could function normally, forming clots as efficiently as mice with a functioning Pad4 gene, demonstrating that the Pad4 gene did produce a functioning PAD4 enzyme in these white blood cells to regulate blood clotting.

In its modern form, this «riverine barrier hypothesis» posits that the Amazon's major rivers functioned as natural barriers to gene flow between populations.

Potentially explaining why even healthy brains don't function well with age, Salk researchers have discovered that genes that are switched on early in brain development to sever connections between neurons as the brain fine - tunes, are again activated in aging neuronal support cells called astrocytes.

Previous studies have looked mainly at genes causing atherosclerosis and genes affecting the function of platelets and clotting processes as risk factors for ischemic stroke (clot obstructing blood flow to the brain).

One of these, his most influential, outlines his original use of microarray expression profiles as a phenotypic footprint for gene function.

Some of the genes identified have known functions in brain development, as well as roles in learning and memory, the researchers said.

Scientists have identified genes that are active during puberty, but most also have key functions in other basic processes, such as regulating fat.

One gene that controls this pathway, HDAC7, is known to be a key factor in immune tolerance and the new data strongly suggests exploring the possibility that drugs affecting HDAC7 function may serve as future therapeutics in PSC.

Large - scale methods of probing samples, such as DNA sequencing, microarrays, and automated gene - function studies, are filling new databases to the brim.

In the next phase of the study, we will examine and categorize the functions of the genes that we identified — not only in model organisms, but also in agriculturally and economically important crops such as corn.»

Kolodner describes the mismatch repair genes as performing the «cellular equivalent of a spellchecking function».

The function of these genes were involved in molecular maintenance strategies, such as DNA repair, chromosomal maintenance, immune response and programmed cell death The authors argue that the «slower rate of change in these functions is consistent with increased constraint on somatic cell maintenance as would be required in these relatively long - lived and large - bodied mammals, illustrated by the additional large and long - lived species with slower rates in these genes (e.g. double - strand break repair gene XRCC4 is also highly constrained in elephant.»

The three Ras genes found in humans — H - Ras, K - Ras and N - Ras — were among the first to be linked to cancer development, and a new study led by VCU Massey Cancer Center researcher Paul Dent, Ph.D., has shown the recently approved breast cancer drug neratinib can block the function of Ras as well as several other oncogenes through an unexpected process.

«It wasn't known whether miR - 486 functioned as an oncogene or a tumor - suppressor gene in lung cancer,» says co-corresponding author Patrick Nana - Sinkam, MD, associate professor of medicine and a researcher with the OSUCCC — James Molecular Biology and Cancer Genetics Program.

As reported April 17 in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Buchman and her colleagues developed a gene drive system termed Medea (named after the mythological Greek enchantress who killed her offspring) in which a synthetic «toxin» and a corresponding «antidote» function to dramatically influence inheritance rates with nearly perfect efficiency.

Computational genomics includes: bio-sequence analysis, gene expression data analysis, phylogenetic analysis, and more specifically pattern recognition and analysis problems such as gene finding, motif finding, gene function prediction, fusion of sequence and expression information, and evolutionary models.

We know that Hox genes encode transcription factors that control the activity of other genes, but we found that digit - innervating motor neurons also express other genes, such as FIGN and CNEP4], and we still don't know the function of any of these other genes.

Our genes can be thought of as packets of information written in sequences of DNA bases, which encode proteins that perform the functions necessary for life.