Sentences with phrase «gene fusions»

Gene fusions refer to a genetic event where two different genes join together, forming a new combination. This can happen when pieces of genes break and reattach to different genes or when there are changes in the structure of chromosomes. Gene fusions can lead to alterations in the function or regulation of genes, potentially affecting the development of diseases like cancer. Full definition
In the current study, the CUMC researchers conducted genetic analyses of glioblastomas from nine patients, looking specifically for gene fusions.
«We look forward to conducting further research through the STARTRK - 2 phase II trial and are hopeful that treatment with entrectinib in patients with a range of advanced or metastatic solid tumors harboring NTRK1 / 2/3, ROS1, or ALK gene fusions will result in very meaningful benefit.»
After a median follow - up of 11 months, 11 of the 13 patients who responded remain on the study, including one patient who had non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with a ROS1 gene fusion who has had a complete response that has been maintained for more than two years.
Therefore, strategies for understanding mechanisms of resistance and determining how to therapeutically target specific gene fusion partners are also being explored.
Hur is now exploring ways to use genetic engineering to target gene fusion events that underlie some cancers.
• ArcherDX, Inc., a Boulder, Colo. - based company focused on NGS - based gene fusion detection assays, raised $ 35 million in Series A preferred funding.
«We found targetable FGFR gene fusions across a diverse array of cancer types.
The researchers also identified several cases with gene fusions involving the gene BCAR4, which produces a long noncoding RNA that has been shown to induce responsiveness to lapatinib, an oral drug that inhibits a key pathway in breast cancer.
Although BRAF gene fusions were well known to be involved in PLGGs, the study team found important differences in a related gene, CRAF, in which mutations can also lead to this type of glioma.
«Biology of childhood brain tumor subtypes offers clues to precision treatments: Researchers reveal differences among gene fusions in low - grade pediatric brain tumors.»
Future researchers could apply this technique to efficiently deliver large repair templates for applications that require large gene fusions.
But we may be able to discover a number of other gene fusions, each accounting for a small percentage of tumors, and each with its own specific therapy,» said co-senior author Anna Lasorella, MD, associate professor of pathology and pediatrics at CUMC and a member of the Columbia Stem Cell Initiative and the HICCC.
Drs. Iavarone, Lasorella, and Rabadan and CUMC have filed a patent application related to the diagnostic and therapeutic use of FGFR - TACC gene fusions.
«It's probably the single most common gene fusion in human cancer,» said study co-leader Antonio Iavarone, MD, professor of neurology and of pathology and cell biology (in the Institute for Cancer Genetics) at CUMC.
Since then, however, other researchers have observed the same gene fusion in a percentage of lung, esophageal, breast, head and neck, cervical, and bladder cancers, affecting tens of thousands of cancer patients overall.
Translocation results in an oncogenic BCR - ABL gene fusion that can be found on the shorter derivative 22 chromosome.
This testing showed the presence of PDGFRB gene fusions within the B - other group, particularly EBF1 - PDGFRB in about one - third of B - other ALL cases.
Synovial sarcoma is a rare soft tissue sarcoma characterized by a t (X; 18) translocation, which results in a SYT - SSX gene fusion.
By engineering an artificial protein that targets the product of such potentially cancer - causing gene fusions, Hur hopes to trigger immune defense mechanisms that kill rogue cells harboring the fusions.
Also, genes that code for receptor tyrosine kinases, a family of receptors on the surface of cells, may rearrange to form multiple distinct gene fusion partners, as evidenced in an article by Kulkarni, et al, on a translational study involving a patient who developed a BRAF fusion following treatment with a BRAF inhibitor1.
Pathogen, salicylic acid and developmental dependent expression of a beta -1,3-glucanase / GUS gene fusion in transgenic tobacco plants
One intriguing bit of work that Dr. Ley described was on the «Mouse APL» project, a knock - in mouse with the PML - RARA gene fusion backcrossed 10 + generations to CBL / BL6 mice.
MyAML is a targeted panel that analyze the coding and non-coding exons of nearly 200 genes along with breakpoint hotspots within 36 of these genes identified in somatic gene fusions.
GRM1 is upregulated through gene fusion and promoter swapping in chondromyxoid fibroma Nature Genetics, online 23 March 2014, doi: 10.1038 / ng.2927
ALK gene fusions have been observed in 2 % to 7 % of patients with NSCLC in reported series.
Because of a chromosomal abnormality, this gene sometimes fuses with another gene and forms a hybrid, or a gene fusion, resulting in a gene product with an entirely different function, causing cancers.
Studies in prostate tissues show that the gene fusion almost always indicates cancer.
This gene fusion, T2: ERG, is believed to cause prostate cancer.
These responses were seen for patients with a variety of types of cancer: NSCLC; colorectal cancer; mammary analog secretory carcinoma of the salivary gland with NTRK1 / 2/3 gene fusions; NSCLC with ROS1 gene fusions; and NSCLC and colorectal cancer with ALK gene fusions.
The researchers found abnormal fusion - circular RNAs (f - circRNAs), corresponding to different exons associated with the PML - RARα gene fusion as well as the MLL - AF9 gene fusion.
«We showed for the first time that the non-kinase fusion partner has functional significance — affecting how the gene fusion - driven tumor responds to therapy,» said Waanders, who added, «This means that we need to carefully classify these tumors to better predict whether a patient is likely to respond to RAF - inhibitor therapy.»
The new study also shows that the gene fusion occurred early in moss evolution and has been retained for more than 170 million years.
The same effect was seen in a mouse model of human brain cancer containing this gene fusion.
When FGFR - TACC was introduced into the brain cells of healthy mice, aggressive brain tumors developed in 90 percent of the animals, confirming that this gene fusion can lead to glioblastoma.
«It's unlikely that we will find a gene fusion responsible for most glioblastomas.
At the time, it was thought that this gene fusion was limited to a fraction of brain tumors, affecting about 300 patients in the U.S. per year.
Sequencing accelerates the analysis of cancer associated alterations in genome sequence such as insertions and deletions, CNVs, inversions, duplications, translocations and gene fusions, as well as single nucleotide variants.
Using a variety of experimental techniques, the researchers determined that the gene fusion initiates a cascade of events that increases mitochondrial activity.
These drugs are now being tested in patients with recurrent glioblastoma that contains the gene fusion by one of the paper's co-authors, Marc Sanson, MD, of Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital in Paris.
Dr. Iavarone and his colleagues suspected that glioblastomas might be addicted to proteins produced by gene fusions.
New coding genes can arise in genomes through several processes, including gene duplication, gene fusion, de novo formation from non-coding DNA, or lateral gene transfer (LGT) from another species.
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