Sentences with phrase «gene in cells growing»

Each spot is a unique experiment that edits or silences a single gene in cells growing above the RNA spot.

Not exact matches

Using the gene - editing tool CRISPR - Cas9 to turn off certain genes in a mouse zygote as well as other new techniques to enrich the pluripotent stem cells of a rat, the group managed to grow various rat organs (a pancreas, heart, and eyes) in a mouse embryo.

Where is the clear line in a progression from (1) using animal insulin to treat diabetes, to (2) using gene remodeling techniques to grow insulin in a host bacterium that will reproduce rapidly and from which a plentiful supply of insulin can be harvested, to (3) genetic surgery to replace the defective gene in a person diagnosed as diabetic, to (4) genetic surgery immediately after fertilization in order to replace the defective gene and alter the germ cells which would otherwise have transmitted the disease to one's offspring?

«In addition, changes in how the genes are expressed (turned on or off) could be used in the future to predict how and when the cancer cells will spread to other parts of the body and how fast they will grow.&raquIn addition, changes in how the genes are expressed (turned on or off) could be used in the future to predict how and when the cancer cells will spread to other parts of the body and how fast they will grow.&raquin how the genes are expressed (turned on or off) could be used in the future to predict how and when the cancer cells will spread to other parts of the body and how fast they will grow.&raquin the future to predict how and when the cancer cells will spread to other parts of the body and how fast they will grow.»

The most promising chemical — sulforaphane, a naturally occurring compound found in cruciferous vegetables — tamped down glucose production by liver cells growing in culture, and shifted liver gene expression away from a diseased state in diabetic rats.

Bloch's colleagues at the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences tested the oils in gene expression studies on lab - grown human breast cancer cells and found that they could mimic estrogens, the primary female sex hormones, and inhibit androgens, the primary male sex hormones.

So far, researchers have mostly turned on genes with CRISPRa in cells growing in lab dishes, says Charles Gersbach, a biomedical engineer at Duke University not involved in the new study.

Already, researchers have used CRISPR / Cas9 to edit genes in human cells grown in lab dishes, monkeys (SN: 3/8/14, p. 7), dogs (SN: 11/28/15, p. 16), mice and pigs (SN: 11/14/15, p. 6), yeast, fruit flies, the worm Caenorhabditis elegans, zebrafish, tobacco and rice.

High in the Cederberg Mountains of South Africa grows a bristly shrub that embodies the tug - of - war taking place between industrialized and developing nations over the value of genetic resources — the genes found in plant, animal or microbial cells used for research as well as in commercial products, such as enhanced seeds and naturally derived cosmetics and pharmaceuticals.

By studying infected cells grown in a laboratory, the team found that a large number of CMV's genes help it hide from the immune system by allowing it to destroy many of the proteins produced by the body during virus infection and preventing them from activating immune cells to destroy the virus.

As cells divide and grow, mutations may crop up in cancer - associated genes.

The embryos lacking functional BRCA2 genes probably stopped growing because molecular «checkpoints» in the developing embryo either halt the division of cells with damaged DNA, so that the damage can be repaired, or kill the cells outright.

Genes with increased activity are in metabolic pathways that allowed cancer cells to bypass BRAF altogether and continue to grow and divide.

Previous studies of genetic alterations in lymphoma and lung cancer have found that certain genetic mutations — specifically when part of a gene breaks off and gets fused to another — can inappropriately switch on ALK, driving cancer cells to grow and divide.

PTEN prevents tumor cells from growing uncontrollably, and mutations in the gene encoding this protein are commonly found in many different types of cancer.

It isn't clear exactly why the differences fade, Hochedlinger says, but it may be that the expression of embryonic genes is strengthened as the cells grow in culture, gradually overwriting the cells» old gene - expression patterns.

«Signaling pathways and gene expression profiles are very different in cells that grow in 2D and 3D cultures,» says Oksana Sirenko, a research scientist at Molecular Devices in Sunnyvale, California.

«Scientists identify proteins crucial to loss of hearing: Proteins play key role in genes that help auditory hair cells grow.»

To test whether the new spheroids were a better mimic for functional dermal papilla cells than those that had been grown in typical dishes, Christiano and her team determined what genes were turned on and off in different sets of dermal papilla cells.

They tested these drugs one at a time for lethal interaction with 112 different tumor - suppressor gene mutations in human cancer cells growing in the lab.

The team reports that the adenomas grow from cells that express a gene called Lgr5 +, which is also active in normal intestinal stem cells.

In cells grown on flat culture dishes, the expression of thousands of genes didn't match up with their normal patterns, explaining why the cells from those dishes had been unable to generate new hair follicles.

Then De Luca and colleagues used a retrovirus to insert a healthy copy of the LAMB3 gene into DNA in the lab - grown skin stem cells.

It plays an important role in how cells sense their neighbors and, by controlling gene expression, determines which cells should develop into different types and how much they should grow - like a master controller.»

When researchers inserted the LAMB3 gene, it landed in different places in each lab - grown stem cell.

From there it's a matter of getting the hybrid cell to grow in a surrogate, hoping all the genes work harmoniously together, bringing the hybrid to term, and hoping it acts like the extinct species even though it was raised by a modern relative.

When the researchers used gene engineering techniques to knock out DDX3 expression in laboratory - grown cell cultures that highly expressed this protein, cell proliferation was half that of cell cultures with high DDX3 expression.

In BRIC 17 - 1, cell cultures derived from thale cress plants are grown in Petri dishes and later examined to determine which genes are involved in certain cellular changeIn BRIC 17 - 1, cell cultures derived from thale cress plants are grown in Petri dishes and later examined to determine which genes are involved in certain cellular changein Petri dishes and later examined to determine which genes are involved in certain cellular changein certain cellular changes.

A year later, researchers corrected the faulty gene in lab - grown lung cells and felt it wouldn't be long before gene therapy could be used to implant correct versions of the gene into people with CF.

In 2006, Japanese biologist Shinya Yamanaka found a solution: He reprogrammed skin cells from a mouse, turning them back into embryo - like cells, with the potential to grow into any tissue, simply by adding four genes.

Traditionally, researchers then disable or «knock out» the gene in lab - grown cells or animals to test their hypothesis, a time - consuming and laborious process.

Ultimately, these signals change the expression of genes in the cell nucleus, causing the cell to grow abnormally.

«Because the primary Small Intestine Chip recapitulates the physical microenvironment that cells experience inside the human body, such as fluid flow and cyclic peristalsis - like stretching motions, it exhibits a genome - wide gene expression profile that comes closer to its in vivo counterpart than that of the same intestinal cells grown as 3D organoids,» said first - author Magdalena Kasendra, Ph.D., a former Postdoctoral Fellow on Ingber's team and now Principal Scientist at Emulate, Inc. in Boston.

But when physiologist H. Lee Sweeney of the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine in Philadelphia and his colleagues put this faulty gene into embryonic quail muscle cells growing in lab dishes, the cells made a shortened version of the protein and incorporated it into their contractile machinery.

To treat hereditary blood diseases, doctors could take a sample of bone marrow cells from a patient, correct the faulty gene, and then grow healthy cells in the bioreactor and transplant them back into the patient.

«Having a supply of these cells could be a starting point to grow functional organs in the laboratory as well as a way to begin applying cell therapy to kidneys with malfunctioning genes.»

If the cells grew on culture plates, the team inferred that the human gene could fill in for its yeast equivalent.

He showed in 2010 that by adding rat stem cells to mice embryos lacking a pancreas gene, he could grow a rat pancreas in a mouse.

HXR9 targets the HOX gene family, which includes 39 fairly similar genes that help enable the remarkably rapid cell division in growing embryos.

They tagged a dozen genes that turn on when the bacteria grow inside clusters of immune cells in the frog, the same spot where TB hides in humans.

To find methods for stemming the tide of liver - damaging microbes, Schnabl and team tried experimentally bumping up copies of the REG3G gene in intestinal lining cells grown in the lab.

The cells with the normal gene grew significantly longer dendrites — the portions of the cell that reach out to receive nerve impulses — than did neurons with the mutated gene, the team reports 14 October in Science.

In the new research, Prins and Liau used a technique called adoptive cell transfer, which involves extracting and growing immune cells outside of the body, then reprogramming them with a gene known as New York Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma, or NY - ESO cell transfer, which involves extracting and growing immune cells outside of the body, then reprogramming them with a gene known as New York Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma, or NY - ESO Cell Carcinoma, or NY - ESO - 1.

The team, led by Eggan and Christopher Henderson of Columbia University Medical Center, grew iPS cells by introducing the four genes used in the earlier studies into about 30,000 skin cells from the patient.

From directing the fate of stem cells to determining how tall we grow, the genes in our body act in complex networks.

IPS cells are grown in culture from body cells, through the addition of genes that cause them to revert to pluripotency — the stage in which they can potentially develop into any type of body cell.

Without this primer, researchers had to first grow the bacterial cells in a laboratory before extracting their DNA and amplifying the gene.

In recent years, scientists have grown new retinal cells from stem cells and shown progress in developing an effective gene therapIn recent years, scientists have grown new retinal cells from stem cells and shown progress in developing an effective gene therapin developing an effective gene therapy.

More broadly, this landmark discovery has illuminated an unexplored avenue in scientists» understanding of how cells control gene expression, and will indubitably incite a fresh wave of innovation in this ever growing field.

We are investigating the genes that are the target of this pathway, how it influences the cells of growing worms, the size differences between the sexes (hermaphrodite worms are larger than males), and the way in which it mediates signals from the environment.