Sentences with phrase «gene produce more of»

Not exact matches

The first steps in this have already been accomplished with the transplanting of additional genes for growth hormone into sheep in Australia to produce larger animals and therefore more wool.

«Rice genetics is all about understanding the genes of rice so that we can develop new and improved rice varieties to help farmers produce more rice, with fewer resources and despite challenges like climate change,» said event convener, Dr. Eero Nissila, head of the Plant Breeding, Genetics, and Biotechnology Division at IRRI.

Scientists have pinpointed a gene that enables rice plants to produce around 20 % more grain by increasing uptake of phosphorus.

ANTI-CIO # 4: In a study performed on rats, rat mothers who were nurturing towards their rat babies (i.e. licked their babies often) produced more growth hormones and changed the chemistry of the DNA in certain genes involved in the offspring's stress response.

Active genes, i.e. those that produce a large amount of RNA, seem more likely to be retained than less active genes; and genes that are more active in males than in females also persist for longer.

More specifically, those with some variants of this gene will gradually produce less lactase, the enzyme that breaks down lactose, as they age.

Juan Carlos Izpisúa Belmonte of the Salk Institute in La Jolla, California, knew that stem cells are more useful for gene therapy than ordinary cells, because they produce multiple daughter cells with the modified genes.

Virgin, an immunologist, said he thinks the new findings will produce a more complicated but also much more insightful picture of how human, bacterial and viral genes influence human health.

One team, led by scientists in the United Kingdom and Brazil, drove more than 1,200 miles across Brazil — «a Top Gear — style road trip,» one scientist quipped — with a portable device that could produce a complete catalog of the virus's genes in less than a day.

Citing a wealth of recent research that explores the ways genes work together to produce complex biological processes, Itai Yanai and Martin Lercher argue that it is time to embrace a new, more holistic, metaphor in their book, The Society of Ggenes work together to produce complex biological processes, Itai Yanai and Martin Lercher argue that it is time to embrace a new, more holistic, metaphor in their book, The Society of GenesGenes.

Perhaps more importantly, the researchers have also imported genes that allow E. coli to secrete enzymes that break down the tough material that makes up the bulk of plants — cellulose, specifically hemicellulose — and produce the sugar needed to fuel this process.

The standard theory of evolution is that animals that randomly inherited genes that produced beneficial traits — in the case of the giraffe, a longer neck, which made it easier to reach tall acacia trees — ate better, reproduced more often and passed these gene variants to their offspring.

More than three fourths of all current antibiotics used to treat human infections are produced by Actinobacteria, which at the same time carry antibiotic resistance genes.

Even when the genes are more fully understood, scientists will have to find the right host organism to express the genes, optimize that expression and try to get them to produce as much of the oil as possible — all of which involves a lot of basic research and time, he said.

The Rho - kinase inhibition stimuli under low oxygen conditions (of 5 percent oxygen atmosphere), which is a condition corresponding to conditions in the body's cartilage, produced a more effective increase in chondrocyte - specific gene expression and synthesis of extracellular matrix components by HCS - 2 / 8 cells.

«The alternative splicing of more than 100 genes reacts extremely sensitively to changes in temperature, so that different proteins are produced depending on the time of day and body temperature,» said Prof. Dr. Florian Heyd.

Some scientists found that the fields make cells divide more rapidly or produce abnormally large quantities of messenger RNAs — molecules which are the intermediate step between genes and proteins.

«They continue to have the gene and they produce VEGF - A, but it's like the patient's cells don't realize they could be more protected or suffer from the disease much less if the cells produce more of this particular protective factor.»

And large, genome - wide studies searching for genetic underpinnings for more common diseases, such as lung cancer or autism, have pointed to the nether regions of the genome between the protein - producing genes — areas that were often thought to contain «junk» DNA that was not part of the pantheon of known genes.

Athletes who excel in endurance sports are more likely to have another version of the gene — this one called the X variant — that does not produce actinin.

They also report that the gene prepares homozygous queens for the taxing task of mothering a whole hill: They weigh up to 50 % more than heterozygous ones and produce eggs more rapidly, Keller says.

By overexpressing, or producing more of, the NF - YC4 gene in staple crops, the researchers can increase the protein value of plants without using transgenes, which could save time and costs in the regulatory process, Li said.

In others, the researchers altered a gene that regulates phospholipids, the primary type of fat in cell membranes, which spurred the cells into producing more cholesterol on their own.

One of the genes that becomes hyperactive through this process is MYCN itself — producing a self - perpetuating loop in which surplus MYCN spurs the production of more MYCN, which results in an even greater surplus and more cancerous growth.

So when Drake and his colleagues measured the RNA levels — a direct link to how much of a gene is being produced — in the genes of 334 mice, he didn't expect to find more than a few variations that might help explain why males and females have such different rates of cardiovascular disease and diabetes or why they react differently to certain drugs.

No kidding, goats modified using the CRISPR gene - editing method can produce a third more of the precious fibre

Although the notion that sharks and rays are more resistant to cancers needs rigorous scientific confirmation, the results of this new study raise the enticing prospect that the proteins produced by these cancer - related legumain and Bag1 genes have modified functions in sharks, including the possibility of actually protecting the animals from acquiring cancer.

Autoinducers (chemical signaling molecules that produce more of themselves inside the cell) control the switch that turns the light genes off and on.

What's more, by swapping a couple genes, these bacteria can potentially produce any of the so - called isoprenoids, a large and diverse class of natural compounds.

The team found lower levels of TRNP1 in areas that were destined to form folds, and higher levels in areas that would not have developed them, suggesting that the protein produced by the gene inhibits more complex brain development in humans as well as in mice.

The more powerful one occurred within a stretch of DNA, or locus, that contains the HCP5 gene, which codes for a human endogenous retrovirus — a genetic fossil of a virus that wove itself into human chromosomes long ago but no longer produces infectious progeny.

In that sense, the female is acting in the best interest of her genes: A son will, on average, produce more grandchildren for her than would a daughter, because males have more opportunities to mate in a female - dominated population.

The cells then produce more of what the genes code for: cytokines, which are messenger molecules that circulate in the blood and activate immune cells.

«Most of the yield increases are the result of breeders selecting better combinations of genes that can allow plants to take sunlight and produce more seed from that sunlight.

«Either low B12 drives fat accumulation in the fetus, and this leads to increased leptin, or the low B12 actually causes chemical changes in the placental genes that produce leptin, making more of the hormone.

Hungry mice produce more of the protein encoded by the SIRT1 gene, the team reports in the 3 March Nature.

More than 20 % of stem cells circulating in the patients» blood contained the new gene after 3 weeks — an unusually high fraction — and both men began producing functional NADPH oxidase.

Interestingly, Rho kinase inhibition under hypoxic conditions produced a more effective increase in chondrocyte - specific gene expression and synthesis of extracellular matrix components by HCS - 2 / 8 cells.

Through both automated and manual approaches, the team curated a refined collection of MSigDB gene sets that reduce redundancy and produce more robust analyses.

Our genes provide the blueprints for producing the required proteins, and one of the main parts of that process is RNA splicing, where RNA molecules are cut and reconnected to allow for more varied proteins to be expressed.

More than 36 CAG repeats in the huntingtin gene will always lead to HD symptoms, if a person lives long enough, and longer CAG repeats tend to produce an earlier age of onset.

In response to signals from inside and outside cells, transcription factors attach to the DNA and cause specific genes to be more or less activated, producing more or less of the corresponding protein.

Using PPI's novel genetic screen approach, a family of native plant genes has been indentified for their effects on enhancing the plants» ability to produce significantly more seeds.

But what's more, the transplanted cells keep producing a foreign protein slipped inside with the help of a lentiviral vector, the kind usually used for gene therapy.

Multiple mouse models of SMA have been produced, generally by knocking out the endogenous mouse SMN1 gene and replacing it with one or more copies of the human SMN2 gene that produces much less full - length SMN protein than the SMN1 gene.

He noticed that in this region the gene processes were frequently flawed and that a protein known to help the progression and development cancer was produced at abnormally high levels, making the tumors of these patients more resistant to treatment.

However, targeting the enzyme produced by one of these genes could lead to development of new, more effective medications.

Some researchers seek gene therapies that might act more broadly on retinal cells, perhaps by using genes that produce proteins supporting the growth and health of nerve cells, which could be delivered before significant vision loss occurs.

Because of quirks of their haplodiploid genetics, female workers share more genes with their sisters than with their own offspring, so it makes competitive sense for them to sacrifice their own fecundity to help their colony queen mother produce more sisters.

Tweaking the genes of wild foods could produce nutritious new grains that are far more sustainable to grow.