Sentences with phrase «gene sequencing makes»

These retroviral gene sequences make up about 8 per cent of the human genome, and are part of what is called non-coding DNA because they don't contain genetic instructions to make proteins.

Not exact matches

Meanwhile, technology limits the impact of the Supreme Court ruling: The falling price of whole - genome sequencing, which sidesteps patents altogether because it doesn't require isolating a gene, makes it a reasonable alternative to a patented BRCA - style test.

Akey says determining the age of our mutations is made possible only by the stupendous increase in gene sequencing speed and power.

In recent years, epigenetics researchers have made great strides in understanding the many molecular sequences and patterns that determine which genes can be turned on and off.

These are sequences made in the lab from RNA — the template used to produce the proteins that genes code for.

And a dog genome sequence has made the animals an even more useful model by quickening the search for disease - causing genes.

Although genes make up only 3 percent of the ENCODE sequence, the consortium found that 93 percent of the sequence is transcribed.

When Blakely's team spliced the DNA sequence that encodes the relevant fly amino acid into the mouse serotonin transporter gene, the mice now made a transporter that was 80 times less sensitive to cocaine, while allowing the transporter to function completely normally.

Experiments on it have illustrated what genes are made of, confirmed Darwinian evolution, and helped sequence the human genome.

Pollock says that snakes» genomes may be unusually prone to change because they contain many repeated sequences that promote misalignment of chromosomes and so make gene duplications more common.

Critics say that making the methodology or gene sequences widely available amounts to giving would - be bioterrorists an easy recipe.

It urged clinicians to tell people undergoing genomic sequencing whether their genes might make them more likely to develop serious disease in the future, even if they didn't want that information.

One aspect of gene regulation involves enzymes placing chemical tags or modifications on histone proteins — which control a cell's access to the DNA sequences that make up a gene.

Three years ago, they sequenced B. theta's entire genome, which enabled them to work with a gene chip that detects what proteins are being made at any given time.

New, sophisticated gene sequencing techniques are leading to an increasing understanding of the causes of genetic disease, and can help parents with affected children make informed reproductive choices, the annual conference of the European Society of Human Genetics will hear.

By comparing proteomic and RNA - sequencing data from people on different exercise programs, the researchers found evidence that exercise encourages the cell to make more RNA copies of genes coding for mitochondrial proteins and proteins responsible for muscle growth.

Molecules of dsRNA are known to travel between body cells (any cell in the body except germ cells, which make egg or sperm cells) and can silence genes when their sequence matches up with the corresponding section of a cell's DNA.

Now that the entire salmon genome has been sequenced and made available, Dr Rødseth is certain that it will become cheaper and faster to find other significant genes in the future.

Still unclear is how the methuselah gene mutation makes flies more stress - resistant, but the amino acid sequence of the protein it makes may be part of a signaling pathway that controls how well cells resist or repair these stresses.

Certain sequences of DNA make up genes, which are the «instructions» for making proteins that do most of the heavy lifting within a cell.

Nick and his team have developed a process based on small differences of the gene sequence to specifically apply gene scissors to certain points of the DNA strands that make up the genetic material.

The Marmoset Genome Sequencing and Analysis Consortium fouwnd five genes likely involved in making the monkey small and eight genes that may help it adjust its metabolism and temperature control to deal with being tiny.

Although aneuploidy does not bring in new genetic sequences, it does make possible another kind of genetic diversity — in which the extra genes produce extra proteins, resulting in an organism that differs from its parents.

The readability of genes is controlled by epigenetic factors, namely factors which do not influence the gene sequence directly, but rather cause certain genes and chromosomal segments to be packed in different densities — and thus make them accessible for reading.

A New World monkey joins a growing list of primate species with sequenced genomes, improving genomicists» ability to tell what genes make primates — and humans — unique.

In the long term they are needed as starting points for sequencing the genome and making an inventory of the thousands of genes it contains.

The Rutgers scientists show that the transcription activator protein functions by binding to a specific DNA sequence preceding the target gene and making adhesive, Velcro - like interactions with RNA polymerase that stabilize contacts by RNA polymerase with adjacent DNA sequences.

The goal was to make fragments that could be used to map genes and sequence the genome.

Scientists have known for years that the genome is riddled with sequences that control gene activity and is not just made up of genes.

Merely finding genes, which make up only two per cent of the genome, amid the reams of DNA code produced by sequencing will be hard enough.

Among the key elements engineers need to get an organism such as E. coli to make a protein from a synthesized gene are extra sequences such as promoters (to help the cell make RNA from DNA) and ribosome binding sites (or RBS, which the cell needs to make proteins from the RNA).

«Low - cost way to build gene sequences: DropSynth can make thousands of genes at once for just a few dollars apiece.»

In response to growing criticism about the lack of access to influenza data, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in Atlanta, Georgia, on 22 August made public the sequence of more than 650 genes from flu viruses isolated in the United States.

So the scientists constructed a protein fragment based on a DNA sequence made up of bases complementary to those of the PrP gene, and then developed an antibody to the protein fragment.

During this crucial step, messenger RNA (mRNA), which is a RNA copy of a gene's recipe for a protein, is translated by the cell's ribosome into the sequence of amino acids that will make up a newly synthesized protein.

Advancements in such genome sequencing have enabled the scientists to make comparisons of gene similarity between closely related species — wheat and barley, for example — and more distantly related species such as wheat and maize.

More recently, improved gene - sequencing technology and larger population studies have made it possible to detect gene variants that appear in only 1 percent of the human population.

Although TIGR made most of the raw sequence data available in 1997, the team took several more years to finish the sequencing and characterize the genes, a process called annotation.

The genes that make the toxin proteins sit within a complex that has embedded within it a type of genomic sequence called a transposable element.

The allure of personalized medicine has made new, more efficient ways of sequencing genes a top research priority.

Genetic sequencing of three families of pitcher plants from the Americas, Asia and Australia shows that they all repurposed genes normally involved in the stress response to make the insect - killing fluids in their pitcher - shaped leaves (Nature, doi.org/bzb5).

When the researchers deliberately blocked the gene's activity in cultured breast cells by adding RNA sequences that bound to BRCA1 mRNA, preventing it making protein, they found that the cells began to divide rapidly, just like malignant cells.

These clumps of genes are flanked on each end by DNA sequences known as mobility units, which make them prone to moving between genomes as a whole.

He says HGS was getting «diminishing returns» from its investment in TIGR since Venter had steered his outfit into sequencing organisms of little medical importance, and into human genome sequencing, also of limited value for a company like HGS that is interested in genes as drug targets (not untranslated DNA that makes up most of the genome).

Silent mutations occur when the change of a single DNA nucleotide within a protein - coding portion of a gene does not affect the sequence of amino acids that make up the gene's protein.

What we have to do next is make sure we have the right gene by sequencing more families.

Because some mutations are present in the DNA but the gene is not made into RNA and protein, the researchers used RNA sequencing to identify mutations that caused the production of a mutated RNA, which is then normally translated into a protein.

The SMRT technology used in the new study makes it possible to sequence and read DNA segments longer than 5,000 bases, far longer than standard gene sequencing technology.

Genetic material, or DNA, is made up of a sequence of molecular pairs, thousands of which string together to form genes.

Bar - coding makes it possible to distinguish between two species of butterfly, for example, by sequencing just a portion of a gene.