A problem confronting
gene therapy researchers is that they can not deliver enough beneficial genes to the precise location in the body where they are needed.
The specificity of this DNA cutting activity has made CRISPR - Cas the darling of
gene therapy researchers, who have modified it to make precise changes in the genomes of cultured cells, laboratory animals, and even humans.
Gene therapy researchers have found that a popular viral vector used to insert disease - curing genes into mice has a dangerous down side: it can apparently trigger liver tumors.
For nearly two decades,
gene therapy researchers have focused on delivering a gene carrying the code to produce the deficient clotting factor in hemophilia.
«Several groups are working on delivering genes using this system,» says Varavani Dwarki,
a gene therapy researcher at Chiron Corp. in Emeryville, California.
«It's an incredible launching pad to be able to target other diseases,» says Penn
gene therapy researcher Jean Bennett, who led the study.
UPenn
gene therapy researcher Jean Bennett, who heads that study (which is separate from Jacobson's) and reported the most dramatic improvements in patients» vision, says those gains seem stable for as long as 7.5 years.
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has begun proceedings that could disqualify
gene therapy researcher James Wilson of the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia from conducting any future clinical trials.
According to W. French Anderson,
a gene therapy researcher at the University of Southern California, severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) was a logical target for gene therapy.
But Savio Woo,
a gene therapy researcher at Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York City and past president of the American Society of Gene Therapy, says that vigorous FDA oversight will strengthen gene therapy research.
«The technology will get better,» agrees cancer
gene therapy researcher Carl June of the University of Pennsylvania.
A few years ago,
gene therapy researcher Ronald Crystal and colleagues at Weill Cornell Medical College in New York City successfully slowed LINCL in mice using gene therapy in the brain.
Not exact matches
Birds, for example, can regenerate hair cells — and lately
researchers have found a few similar effects in mammals that used
gene and drug
therapy.
James Watson, the éminence grise of
gene work whose discovery of the double helix 50 years ago we are celebrating this spring, has called on his fellow
researchers to show some «guts» and «try germ - line
therapy without knowing if it's going to work.»
Kaplitt and his group are working with
researchers at the National Institute of Mental Health in Bethesda, Md., to test the p11
gene therapy in non-human primates.
When the
researchers paired female mice treated with the
gene therapy with males, the females were still able to become pregnant — and have healthy babies — within the first six weeks, because of those follicles that had already started growing in the ovaries.
«
Gene therapy via skin could treat many diseases, even obesity: Using CRISPR and skin grafts,
researchers boost insulin levels to reduce weight.»
Sutherland says the
genes she studies are already silenced in healthy adult tissue, so theoretically
researchers should be able to design
therapies that re-silence them in cancer cells without side effects.
While other
researchers focus on using modified viruses to deliver
genes for
therapy, sometimes the
genes are too large for viruses to carry, Lu said.
The
researchers determined that CRISPR had successfully corrected a
gene that causes blindness, but Kellie Schaefer, a PhD student in the lab of Vinit Mahajan, MD, PhD, associate professor of ophthalmology at Stanford University, and co-author of the study, found that the genomes of two independent
gene therapy recipients had sustained more than 1,500 single - nucleotide mutations and more than 100 larger deletions and insertions.
A team of
researchers at the Stanford University School of Medicine has used a
gene - editing tool known as CRISPR to repair the
gene that causes sickle cell disease in human stem cells, which they say is a key step toward developing a
gene therapy for the disorder.
To use viruses as delivery vehicles for
gene therapy,
researchers take all the harmful and replicative
genes out of the virus and put in the therapeutic
genes they want to deliver.
In his «lessons learned» article, Wilson advises
researchers against putting themselves in situations that might create potential financial conflicts (in 1992 Wilson had founded a biotechnology company focused on
gene therapy).
The
researchers are working with the company Oxford BioMedica to develop this idea into a
gene therapy for cancer.
The new method may make some types of
gene therapy easier and could be a boon for
researchers hoping to control
gene activity in animals, scientists say.
Using a new technique to deliver
gene -
therapy - like intervention directly where it's needed,
researchers at Thomas Jefferson University successfully increased or decreased the muscle tone of the anal sphincter in appropriate animal models.
There's no way to cram the dystrophin
gene into a virus to do traditional replacement
gene therapy, but
researchers have found that turning on other
genes can compensate and bulk up muscles.
Since patients (and mice) with Usher 1c also have balance problems caused by hair - cell damage in the vestibular organs, the
researchers also tested whether
gene therapy restored balance.
Researchers at Moffitt Cancer Center hope to improve NSCLC patient survival with the results of a study that found that inherited genetic variations in interleukin
genes are associated with improved patient survival and response to
therapy.
The
researchers assessed LPLD - related acute abdominal events that required hospital care in a small group of patients treated with a single dose of the
gene therapy product Glybera ®.
Researchers are developing molecular switches that can inactivate transplanted
genes, paving the way for safer
gene therapies.
Researchers who previously showed that a
gene therapy treatment could save the lives of dogs with a deadly disease called myotubular myopathy — a type of muscular dystrophy that affects the skeletal muscles — have found that the
therapy is long - lasting.
Moreover,
researchers have already developed a potential
therapy that targets the
gene's protein.
Researchers such as geneticist Richard King of the University of Minnesota and cell biologist Vitali Alexeev of Thomas Jefferson University are working on
gene therapies or drugs that would fix albinism - causing mutations.
So the
researchers decided to bypass the
gene therapy approach and engineer two stable, longer - lasting forms of GDF15 that they injected directly into the animals.
With optogenetics,
researchers can implant optical fibres to control genetically modified animals — could
gene therapy bring it to humans?
Two of 10 children treated with
gene therapy for SCID in a French trial develop leukemia,
researchers announced in 2002, and it is discovered that the virus had inserted
genes in several unexpected places around the genome, leading the cells to become cancerous.
Although the
researchers don't know precisely how the chaperone molecule works, the difference was unmistakable: Less than 40 % of cells treated with
gene therapy had clumps, compared to 70 % of controls.
The
researchers found a set of frequently mutated
genes in SBAs that could be helpful to clinicians when they are looking to use targeted
therapies that work best in cancers with specifics mutations.
Researchers have taken a step toward changing
gene therapy from a blunderbuss into a smart missile.
Researchers at the 12th International Neuroscience Winter Conference will explore, among other hot topics in neuroscience, the neurobiology of courtship, new
gene therapy approaches in Parkinson's disease, the role of sleep in neuropsychiatric disorders and breakthroughs in brain repair.
In a new study,
researchers are taking joint biopsy tissue from patients at the start of a new
therapy and then six weeks later to see if they can find a predictor
gene sequence that will clearly identify which patients respond to a particular
therapy.
The
researchers tested
gene therapy in two types of mutant mice.
Researchers at the Center for Cell and
Gene Therapy at Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital and Houston Methodist have developed an alternative treatment in which virus - specific cells protect patients against severe, drug - resistant viral infections.
Cancer
researcher Janet Sawicki of the Lankenau Institute for Medical Research in Pennsylvania, chemical engineer Robert Langer of MIT, and their colleagues are investigating biodegradable nanoparticles to deliver
gene therapy for ovarian cancer.
Despite this new direction for identifying targets for pharmaceutical interventions against RP, the
researchers underscore that
gene therapy still has great potential and possible benefits, and they are actively pursuing efforts with this approach for several forms of RP.
This type of treatment is what we call
gene therapy and
researchers have been working on developing techniques to accomplish this for many years.
Her specific condition, called ADA - SCID, had long tantalized
researchers seeking to repair genetic defects with a technique called
gene therapy.
In an effort to expand the number of cancer
gene mutations that can be specifically targeted with personalized
therapies,
researchers at University of California San Diego School of Medicine and Moores Cancer Center looked for combinations of mutated
genes and drugs that together kill cancer cells.
With the data provided by the FLI
researchers, scientists around the world may now set targeted mutations to investigate the relevance of single
genes for aging, in order to better understand regulating mechanisms and, eventually, develop new approaches for
therapy or prevention of aging - related diseases.