Sentences with phrase «gene transcription at»

Three pools of 10 blastocysts / group were analyzed; a and b indicate statistical differences for each gene transcription at P < 0.05; error bars represent SEM.

Two animals pooled per sample, with triplicated sample; * indicate statistical differences for each gene transcription at P < 0.05; error bars represent SEM.

10/10/2007 Researchers Reveal Repressor Protein Blocks Neural Stem Cell Development A protein known to repress gene transcription at the molecular level in a variety of processes also blocks embryonic neural stem cells from differentiating into neurons, according to a study by University of California, San Diego and Howard Hughes Me... More...

Not exact matches

Using an innovative crystallization technique for studying three - dimensional structures of gene transcription machinery, an international team of researchers, led by scientists at Penn State, has revealed new insights into the long debated action of the «magic spot» — a molecule that controls gene expression in Eschericahia coli and many other bacteria when the bacteria are stressed.

Based on previous work, the researchers had reason to think it was controlled by transcription factors — proteins that control the expression of certain genes by binding to DNA at specific locations to induce (or block) the transcription of information from DNA to RNA.

Genes become more or less active at the touch of proteins called transcription factors, each of which can influence hundreds or thousands of other gGenes become more or less active at the touch of proteins called transcription factors, each of which can influence hundreds or thousands of other genesgenes.

Here, we present evidence of widespread divergent transcription at protein - encoding gene promoters.

Active genes produce promoter - localized sense and antisense short RNAs, suggesting frequent transcription by divergently oriented RNA polymerase II complexes at mammalian promoters.

Jones, 62, is an expert in transcription elongation, a process that controls the expression of HIV and cancer genes; she has been at the Salk since 1986.

Thus, this cDNA derives from a gene (oct - 2) that specifies an octamer binding protein expressed preferentially in B lymphocytes, proving that, for at least one gene, a cell - specific transcription factor exists and its amount is controlled through messenger RNA availability.

They also show how the transcription activator protein helps RNA polymerase bind to the DNA helix at a specific site preceding a gene, and how the transcription activator protein helps RNA polymerase unwind the DNA helix to initiate transcription of the gene.

«The paper provides a dazzling snapshot of the process of transcription activation — the process whereby a gene is turned on in response to an instructive signal from the environment,» said Ann Hochschild, professor of microbiology and immunobiology at Harvard Medical School, who also was not part of the study.

At that point, a particular type of protein called a transcription activator can kick - start the molecular process by which a gene gets turned on.

Only some of the plant's 30,000 genes are active in a given root cell at a given time, thanks to proteins called transcription factors that turn genes on and off as needed.

The researchers led by Prof. Mihaela Zavolan and Prof. Anne Spang, both at the Biozentrum of the University of Basel, have discovered how the transcription factor Gcn4, a protein that regulates the expression of many genes, extends the life of baker's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

«We found that MYSM1 creates access to proteins that enhance gene transcription and, ultimately, the maturation of natural killer cells themselves,» said Vijayalakshmi Nandakumar, a Ph.D. student at the Keck School of Medicine of USC and the study's first author.

«We concluded that RAC1 regulates lung branching morphogenesis, in part through the so - called canonical Wnt signaling pathway, which leads to the regulation of the transcription of many genes,» said principal investigator Denise Al Alam, PhD, of the Department of Surgery and the Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine Program at The Saban Research Institute.

«It's possible that microRNAs go into the bloodstream and affect the potential transcription of these genes in the sperm,» says Brian Dias at Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, who led the work in mice.

In addition to looking at transcription factors, researchers have studied the genes that code for the enzymes responsible for building up the plant's biomass.

Solving a puzzle of plant manipulation Rather than try to isolate single genes related to secondary cell wall production, the researchers looked at the function of hundreds of transcription factors working within the root xylem's regulatory network.

MYCN and its kin are «transcription factors,» proteins that bind to DNA and influence the rate at which genetic information is used by the cell — essentially serving as brightener / dimmer switches for gene activity.

To find that gene, developmental biologist Deepak Srivastava of the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas and colleagues studied development of the mouse heart, in which a transcription factor called dHAND was known to turn on an array of crucial genes.

«I think this is going to be a fairly complex thing to work out,» Reeves says, adding that Ets2 encodes a transcription factor that influences the activity of at least 200 other genes.

Researchers at Princeton observed that transcription occurs in bursts in response to a single enhancer acting simultaneously at two genes, one labeled with green dye in the left panel and the other labeled with red dye in the middle panel.

Transcription factors determine which genes are active at what time and in which conditions and consequently have a critical role in organisms.

Furthermore, GNC and GNL act, at the gene expression level, in an additive manner with the GOLDEN2 - LIKE1 (GLK1) and GLK2 transcription factor genes, which are also important for proper chlorophyll accumulation.

The researchers used this live - imaging technique to study fly embryos at a key stage in their development, approximately two hours after the onset of embryonic life where the genes undergo fast and furious transcription for about one hour.

In research published this week in the Journal of Neuroscience, University at Buffalo scientists and colleagues focused on a particular protein, called a transcription factor, that regulates gene activity necessary for the development of one type of retinal neuron, the horizontal cells.

In 1984, he moved to the Institute for Molecular and Cellular Biology, at Osaka University (Osaka, Japan), where his research group continued to study the regulation of interferon genes and discovered the interferon - regulatory - factor family of transcription factors.

Scientists have long known that RNAPII appears to stall or «pause» at specific genes early in transcription.

Of 17 regulatory variants identified in the two genes with regulatory variant burden, we show that at least six alter transcription factor - DNA binding in human neuroblastoma cells.

Upregulated genes clustered into at least 7 functional groups, including immediate early genes or transcription factors, cell - cycle related genes, stress - responsive protein genes, cell signaling protein genes, cell adhesion and cell surface protein genes, genes involved in translation and protein turnover, and genes encoding metabolic proteins.

Study coauthors Rammohan Rao of the Buck Institute for Research on Aging and Dale Bredesen of the Buck Institute and UCLA «have provided evidence for a novel — in fact, radical — idea: that ApoE somehow gains access to the nucleosol and acts as a conventional transcription factor, influencing the expression of a large number of genes,» Steven Barger, who studies neurodegenerative disease at the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and was not involved in the study, wrote in an email to The Scientist.

Transcription factors are expressed (or made) at different levels in different cell types, and control what genes are expressed in every cell, making sure, for example, that a liver cell remains a liver cell and does not become a neuron.

R - loop accumulation at a gene can prevent transcription, and these loops are also often sites of DNA breaks.

Multiple transcripts arising from alternative initiation or polyadenylation sites, or alternative RNA splicing at a single locus were not considered as multiple genes but as variants of a single transcription unit.

Working with Nancy Cox, PhD, professor of medicine and human genetics and section chief of genetic medicine at the University of Chicago, Bell discovered mutations in the genes for glucokinase and for three transcription factors that cause an early - onset form of diabetes called maturity - onset diabetes of the young.

As a researcher of the molecular mechanisms of gene transcription, Sampley Bohn conducted her postdoctoral research at the National Institutes of Health in the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development.

PULLMAN — Researchers at Washington State University have identified a new class of DNA sequence variation in gene promoter regions that could help control the activity of genes.The novel variations, dubbed «multiple nucleotide length polymorphisms,» or MNLPs, altered transcription of the genes they were associated with as much as 11-fold.

«Looking at gene expression, the ketogenic diet suppressed the longevity - related TOR pathway and insulin signaling and up - regulated the fasting - related transcription factor PPAR - alpha, a master regulator that helps the body more efficiently metabolize fat.»

Our colleagues at Gladstone are using this knowledge to search for small molecules that can affect gene regulation and reverse some of the problems caused by the loss of these transcription factors.»

Protein generation, one molecule at a time in E. coli cells, has been observed and studied including how a transcription factor binds to DNA and regulates gene expression.

SAN FRANCISCO, CA — Scientists at the Gladstone Institutes have discovered that three transcription factors — proteins that direct gene expression — interact with each other and the genome to influence how a heart forms in an embryo.

Any reads that map to multiple locations in the genome (also called multireads) are not counted towards the expression estimates since they can not be assigned to any gene unambiguously, but these provide evidence of transcription in at least one of the loci to which they map.

«The University of Missouri will look at how genes, transcription and metabolism are affected within the same cells.»

Venus positive cells experiencing low - level transcription at the Hex locus, but still expressing the ES cell markers SSEA - 1 and Oct4, show elevated levels of PrEn gene expression and reduced levels of early ICM markers such as Nanog.

What's more, one transcription factor typically targets thousands of genomic locations in the cell and changes gene expression at each location.

de Dios Hourcade J, Lopez - Vidriero I, Benguria A, De Fonseca FR, Gutierrez - Adan A. Analysis of gene transcription alterations at the blastocyst stage related to the long - term consequences of in vitro culture in mice

DNA regions bound at low occupancy by transcription factors do not drive patterned reporter gene expression in Drosophila.

Random fluctuations in transcription are unavoidable and a general aspect of life at the single - cell level and lead to «noise» around the average level of gene expression.