Sentences with phrase «general climate models»

When the authors of the paper looked at their general climate models, they discovered that, once they corrected for an El Nino that occurred right after Pinatubo erupted, the model only produced roughly equivalent cooling if water vapor feedback was included in the model (Figure 4, to the right).

Ultimately, the hope is that ACCMIP predictions will be incorporated into more general climate models, such as those used by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change in its climate assessment reports.

In other words, even after the climate has hit bottom, IPCC will still be prattling on about the good old days (or general climate model scenarios for 2100).

Not exact matches

The approach proposed in the paper combines information from observation - based data, general circulation models (GCMs) and regional climate models (RCMs).

It's the inactivist bunch who are driving future investment in bigger and better climate models because they have conned the general public into thinking we don't have enough certainty yet.

Traditionally, the United States and other countries have used satellites to measure emissions in a general way, to be used in global climate models.

Their role is extremely important for modelling clouds, and therefore for the climate in general.

To simulate the tropical climate to learn more about its processes, climate scientists have typically been relying on general circulation models (GCMs) to simulate the tropical climate.

CMIP was established as a resource for climate modelers, providing a standard protocol for studying the output of coupled atmosphere - ocean general circulation models so that these models can be compared and validated.

A global climate model or general circulation model aims to describe climate behavior by integrating a variety of fluid - dynamical, chemical, or even biological equations that are either derived directly from physical laws (e.g.

Scientists are involved in the evaluation of global - scale climate models, regional studies of the coupled atmosphere / ocean / ice systems, regional severe weather detection and prediction, measuring the local and global impact of the aerosols and pollutants, detecting lightning from space and the general development of remotely - sensed data bases.

General circulation models have generally excluded the feedback between climate and the biosphere, using static vegetation distributions and CO2 concentrations from simple carbon - cycle models that do not include climate change6.

Pat argues that it is the general tendency of climate models when forced with exponentially increasing CO2 concentrations (as were the models used in Dr. Covey's CMIP project) to produce a nearly linear temperature rise into the future.

However, it seems that one common trait among some climate models is the indication that a global warming may result in a more a general El Niño - type average state (eg.

And a proper discussion of climate change often does call for precise terms like external forcing and general circulation models, and other non-toddler friendly jargon.

After a general trashing of various things including surface observations and climate models, he admitted that his prediction for the globally - averaged warming (of ~ 1.5 C by 2100) is within the IPCC range... albeit at the low end.

Climate models vary in complexity from simple 1 - dimensional energy balance models to full - fledged general circulation models.

Its general behavior has been simulated with reasonable realism since the days of the earliest climate models.

Physical climate models can be used along with geological information to predict general climate conditions on those islands with decent accuracy.

Scientists at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory showed that global climate models are not accurately depicting the true depth and strength of tropical clouds that have a strong hold on the general circulation of atmospheric heat and the global water balance.

These simulations, which project climate change into the future, are called general circulation models (GCMs; see sidebar)

This point might become clearer once it's realised that climate models are not developed just to the climate change problem, but as much more general tools to quantify the net effects of all the different processes we know about.

(Top left) Global annual mean radiative influences (W m — 2) of LGM climate change agents, generally feedbacks in glacial - interglacial cycles, but also specified in most Atmosphere - Ocean General Circulation Model (AOGCM) simulations for the LGM.

To derive the climate projections for this assessment, we employed 20 general circulation models to consider two scenarios of global carbon emissions: one where atmospheric greenhouse gases are stabilized by the end of the century and the other where it grows on its current path (the stabilization [RCP4.5] and business - as - usual [RCP8.5] emission scenarios, respectively).

General circulation models (GCMs) help us project future climate conditions.

He promoted the use of water stable isotopomers for reconstructing past climate changes from ice cores and with associated atmospheric modelling using both dynamically simple and General Circulation Models (GCMs).

Scientists run general circulations models against these scenarios to project future climate conditions, including atmospheric carbon concentrations.

Her research apparatus is built with a fusion of advanced statistical methods, idealized general circulation models (GCM), and state of the art climate models.

Cess, R.D., et al., 1989: Interpretation of cloud - climate feedback as produced by 14 atmospheric general circulation models.

Diansky, N.A., and E.M. Volodin, 2002: Simulation of the present - day climate with a coupled atmosphere - ocean general circulation model.

CSMD (Climate System Modeling Division), 2005: An introduction to the first general operational climate model at the National Climate Climate System Modeling Division), 2005: An introduction to the first general operational climate model at the National Climate climate model at the National Climate Climate Center.

Phillips, T.J., et al., 2004: Evaluating parameterizations in general circulation models: Climate simulation meets weather prediction.

The team did not only look at specific events however but also published a number of conceptual papers on attribution as a science, CPDN as a unique capability and climate modelling in general (10 - 15).

Blanchet, and M. Lazare, 1992: The Canadian Climate Centre second - generation general circulation model and its equilibrium cClimate Centre second - generation general circulation model and its equilibrium climateclimate.

Hourdin, F., et al., 2006: The LMDZ4 general circulation model: Climate performance and sensitivity to parameterized physics with emphasis on tropical convection.

Zhang, M.H., R.D. Cess, J.J. Hack, and J.T. Kiehl, 1994: Diagnostic study of climate feedback processed in atmospheric general circulation models.

Using the adjoint of an ocean general circulation model, I try to understand the local and remote processes that generate temperature anomalies in the Nordic Seas on different timescales and their potential contribution to decadal climate predictability.

The delta method interpolates the General Circulation Model generally used in climate modelling at scales of 100 to 200 km using a thin plate spline spatial interpolation method to achieve the 30 arc seconds resolution [52].

The Met Office Hadley Centre (Hadley Centre for Climate Prediction and Research) climate change model, Hadley Centre Coupled Model, version 3 (HadCM3)[53], a coupled atmosphere - ocean general circulation model, was used for the time intervals 2020, 2050 and 2080 (note these date represent a time windows of ten years either side of the time interval date, i.e. 2020 is an average of the years 2010 — 2029, 2050 for 2040 — 2059 and 2080 for 2070 — 2089), under three emission scenarios of the IPCC Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES)[54]: scenario A1B (maximum energy requirements; emissions differentiated dependent on fuel sources; balance across sources), A2A (high energy requirements; emissions less than A1 / Fl) and B2A (lower energy requirements; emissions greater thClimate Prediction and Research) climate change model, Hadley Centre Coupled Model, version 3 (HadCM3)[53], a coupled atmosphere - ocean general circulation model, was used for the time intervals 2020, 2050 and 2080 (note these date represent a time windows of ten years either side of the time interval date, i.e. 2020 is an average of the years 2010 — 2029, 2050 for 2040 — 2059 and 2080 for 2070 — 2089), under three emission scenarios of the IPCC Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES)[54]: scenario A1B (maximum energy requirements; emissions differentiated dependent on fuel sources; balance across sources), A2A (high energy requirements; emissions less than A1 / Fl) and B2A (lower energy requirements; emissions greater thclimate change model, Hadley Centre Coupled Model, version 3 (HadCM3)[53], a coupled atmosphere - ocean general circulation model, was used for the time intervals 2020, 2050 and 2080 (note these date represent a time windows of ten years either side of the time interval date, i.e. 2020 is an average of the years 2010 — 2029, 2050 for 2040 — 2059 and 2080 for 2070 — 2089), under three emission scenarios of the IPCC Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES)[54]: scenario A1B (maximum energy requirements; emissions differentiated dependent on fuel sources; balance across sources), A2A (high energy requirements; emissions less than A1 / Fl) and B2A (lower energy requirements; emissions greater thanmodel, Hadley Centre Coupled Model, version 3 (HadCM3)[53], a coupled atmosphere - ocean general circulation model, was used for the time intervals 2020, 2050 and 2080 (note these date represent a time windows of ten years either side of the time interval date, i.e. 2020 is an average of the years 2010 — 2029, 2050 for 2040 — 2059 and 2080 for 2070 — 2089), under three emission scenarios of the IPCC Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES)[54]: scenario A1B (maximum energy requirements; emissions differentiated dependent on fuel sources; balance across sources), A2A (high energy requirements; emissions less than A1 / Fl) and B2A (lower energy requirements; emissions greater thanModel, version 3 (HadCM3)[53], a coupled atmosphere - ocean general circulation model, was used for the time intervals 2020, 2050 and 2080 (note these date represent a time windows of ten years either side of the time interval date, i.e. 2020 is an average of the years 2010 — 2029, 2050 for 2040 — 2059 and 2080 for 2070 — 2089), under three emission scenarios of the IPCC Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES)[54]: scenario A1B (maximum energy requirements; emissions differentiated dependent on fuel sources; balance across sources), A2A (high energy requirements; emissions less than A1 / Fl) and B2A (lower energy requirements; emissions greater thanmodel, was used for the time intervals 2020, 2050 and 2080 (note these date represent a time windows of ten years either side of the time interval date, i.e. 2020 is an average of the years 2010 — 2029, 2050 for 2040 — 2059 and 2080 for 2070 — 2089), under three emission scenarios of the IPCC Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES)[54]: scenario A1B (maximum energy requirements; emissions differentiated dependent on fuel sources; balance across sources), A2A (high energy requirements; emissions less than A1 / Fl) and B2A (lower energy requirements; emissions greater than B1).

Climate change projections were based on an ensemble of four General Circulation Models (UKMO HadCM3, MPIM ECHAM5, CSIRO MK3.5 and GFDL CM2.1), downscaled to 10 minutes [32], considering three emissions scenarios (B2, A1B and A2) for 1975 (mean 1961 — 1990), 2050 (mean 2041 — 2060) and 2090 (mean 2081 — 2100).

There is considerable confidence that Atmosphere - Ocean General Circulation Models (AOGCMs) provide credible quantitative estimates of future climate change, particularly at continental and larger scales.

There are examples where it is — for instance in the response to Pinatubo (for which validated climate model predictions were made ahead of time — Hansen et al 1992)-- but this is not in general going to be true.

First, the hypothesis of manmade global warming is only supported by general circulation models, which are known to be imperfect representations of the Earth's climate systems.

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However, the general circulation models are, at present, timeconsuming and expensive to run, and, despite the known shortcomings of the one - dimensional models, most available predictions of climate change have been made using the simpler models.

After a general trashing of various things including surface observations and climate models, he admitted that his prediction for the globally - averaged warming (of ~ 1.5 C by 2100) is within the IPCC range... albeit at the low end.

It's something of an abstract concept, but with real world implications, and the universality of such physical models, based on things like radiative balance, atmospheric composition and density, distance from the local Sun, etc., is a very strong argument in favor of general acceptance of the results of climate models and observations on Earth.

(This genre of one - dimensional and two - dimensional models lay between the rudimentary, often qualitative models covered in the essay on Simple Models of Climate and the elaborate three - dimensional General Circulation Models of the Atmospmodels lay between the rudimentary, often qualitative models covered in the essay on Simple Models of Climate and the elaborate three - dimensional General Circulation Models of the Atmospmodels covered in the essay on Simple Models of Climate and the elaborate three - dimensional General Circulation Models of the AtmospModels of Climate and the elaborate three - dimensional General Circulation Models of the AtmospModels of the Atmosphere.)

(in general, whether for future projections or historical reconstructions or estimates of climate sensitivity, I tend to be sympathetic to arguments of more rather than less uncertainty because I feel like in general, models and statistical approaches are not exhaustive and it is «plausible» that additional factors could lead to either higher or lower estimates than seen with a single approach.

General circulation models have generally excluded the feedback between climate and the biosphere, using static vegetation distributions and CO2 concentrations from simple carbon - cycle models that do not include climate change6.