If, then, they claim, debates about the propriety of particular wars are begun by stating
a general presumption against war, this will be to skew the debate and to misrepresent the tradition.
34 Whether there is a
general category broader than the sub-category, it must at least be recognized that there can not be any public - interest or public - protection exception, writ large, to the
presumption against retrospectivity, for the simple reason that every statute, whatever its content, can be said to be in the public interest or for the public protection.