The recent work of German sociologist Jurgen Habermas, in which questions about the formal characteristics of
social systems in
general and the dynamics of the lifeworld are the focus, exhibits a clear
preference for deductive theory of a prescriptive sort.13 Habermas has drawn eclectically from modernization theory and Marxism to create what he calls a reconstructive model of cultural evolution.
This diagnostic
preference for negative traits over positive traits is thought to be a consequence of behavioral expectations: there is a
general expectation that, owing to
social requirements and regulations, people will generally behave positively and exhibit positive traits.