Sentences with phrase «generated by mitochondria»

However, no previous studies were able to comprehensively investigate the connection because sufficiently sensitive tests, or assays, were not available to measure ATP (the energy unit of the cell that is generated by mitochondria) in individual neurons.

Not exact matches

So alpha - lac may induce apoptosis by directly causing the destruction of DNA from within the cell's nucleus, or it may instigate the suicide - generating caspace cascade through the mitochondria.

Because the amount of ROS present in cells is tightly regulated by iron - dependent processes in the mitochondria (the cellular compartments in which energy is generated), the researchers had proposed iron import into the mitochondria to be essential for this process.

For the first time, scientists found that in spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), the affected nerve cells that control muscle movement, or motor neurons, have defects in their mitochondria, which generate energy used by the cell.

This in vitro fertilization (IVF) strategy, described in Nature last year by researchers from Newcastle University, is intended to prevent the many different diseases that can result from mutations in the DNA of mitochondria, the energy - generating organelles in most cells.

LONDON — Wellcome Trust, the United Kingdom's largest biomedical research charity, today announced more than # 4 million in support for a pioneering, and potentially controversial, IVF treatment that could prevent some forms of muscular dystrophy and other diseases caused by defective mitochondria, the energy - generating organelle in cells.

Dysfunction of mitochondria, the energy - generating organelle in human cells, is one hypothesis concerning the severe fatigue experienced by ME / CFS patients.

In regard to the mitochondria, this is where most of the oxidation is generated in living tissue and most of that oxidation is generated by iron - induced free radicals.

Reducing the activity of the mitochondria - associated gene clk - 1 - lowering the amount of protein generated from its blueprint in other words - boosts mouse longevity by 30 % or so.

We can do this by putting «backup copies» of the mitochondrial genes into the nucleus, where they can not be damaged by free radicals generated in the mitochondria.

Certain particle compounds may directly generate ROS in vivo because of their surface chemistry (eg, metals, organic compounds, and semiquinones) or after bioactivation by cytochrome P450 systems (eg, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon conversion to quinones).6, 290 a, 290 b A particle surface or anions present on otherwise more inert particles may disrupt iron homeostasis in the lung and thereby also generate ROS via Fenton reactions.291 Other PM constituents may do so indirectly by the upregulation of endogenous cellular sources (eg, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate [NADPH]-RRB- oxidase) 292,293 or by perturbing organelle function (eg, mitochondria) by taken - up PM components.261 Particle stimulation of irritant and afferent ANS fibers may also play a role in local and systemic oxidative stress formation.294 Given the rich antioxidant defenses in the lung fluid, secondarily generated oxidization products of endogenous molecules (eg, oxidized phospholipids, proteins) or a reduction in endogenous antioxidants per se may be responsible at least in part for the state of oxidative stress in the lungs (along with instigating the subsequent cellular responses) rather than ROS derived directly from PM and its constituents.

By making a comparison of proteomic and RNA - sequencing data from individuals on the different exercise regimens, proof was found that exercise stimulates the cell to generate more gene coding RNA copies for proteins of the mitochondria and proteins in charge of the growth of muscle.

Long assumed to be destructive to tissues and cells, «free radicals» generated by the cell's mitochondria — energy - producing structures in the cell — are...

In addition to this, training cardiorespiratory endurance improves aerobic capacity caused by fibre adaptation, more specifically an increase in the size of mitochondria, which enhances the ability of the fibres to generate aerobic energy.