Sentences with phrase «generated by this electron»

Other effects, such as light scattering from cosmic dust and the synchrotron radiation generated by electrons moving around galactic magnetic fields within our own galaxy, can also produce these polarisation twists.

Their findings could have implications for optimising the thermal budget of nanoelectronic devices - which means they could help dissipate the total amount of thermal energy generated by electron currents - or in the production of energy through thermoelectric effects in novel nanomaterials.

The calculations in those studies said that the resistivity of the molten metal in Earth's core, which is generated by this electron scattering process, would be too low, and thus the thermal conductivity too high, to allow thermal convection to generate the magnetic field.

Mitochondrial membrane ATP synthase (F (1) F (0) ATP synthase or Complex V) produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane which is generated by electron transport complexes of the respiratory chain.

Not exact matches

By this he means an energy project that could produce electrons for the grid in mass quantity, as opposed to something clever that barely generates more energy than you put in to build it.

Deflection of MeV Electrons by Self - Generated Magnetic Fields in Intense Laser - Solid Interactions

Suprathermal electrons generated by the two - plasmon - decay instability in gas - filled Hohlraums

On Earth, the brightest auroras (the high - altitude glows often called the northern and southern lights) are generated when electrons in outer space near Earth are accelerated by large electrical potentials, or voltages, along the lines in our planet's magnetic field and slam into gas molecules in the upper atmosphere above polar regions.

Electrons thus accelerated could be wiggled by magnets to create a so - called free - electron laser (FEL), which generates exceptionally bright and brief flashes of x-rays that can illuminate short - lived chemical and biological phenomena.

Scientists don't fully understand what's driving Jupiter's strongest auroras, but data gathered by the orbiting Juno spacecraft hint that the electrons generating Jupiter's polar glows may be accelerated by turbulent waves in the planet's magnetic field — a process somewhat akin to surfers being driven shoreward ahead of breaking ocean waves, the researchers report today in Nature.

A microbial fuel cell, for example, could generate electricity by capturing electrons from the bacteria on electrodes instead of the rocks that these organisms evolved to breathe.

Those speedy electrons also can be generated by scaled - down versions of flares called nanoflares, which are about a billion times less energetic than regular solar flares.

He's done so by precisely focusing infrared laser light to selectively ionize, or steal the electrons from, air molecules at the beam's focal point, generating a flash of bluish - white plasma.

The team concludes that these signals are generated by speeding electrons produced when cosmic rays collide with molecules in the air (Physical Review Letters, DOI: 10.1103 / PhysRevLett.105.151101).

In what Grashorn calls a «serendipitous discovery», his team has worked out that these signals are generated by speeding electrons produced when cosmic rays collide with molecules in the air.

By using this high - power laser, it is now possible to generate all of the high - energy quantum beams (electrons, ions, gamma ray, neutron, positron).

Arefiev co-authored the study, «Enhanced multi-MeV photon emission by a laser - driven electron beam in a self - generated magnetic field,» published May 2016 in the journal Physical Review Letters.

The shock waves created by a supernova explosion, astronomers theorized, could generate enormous magnetic fields capable of accelerating electrons, protons, and other ions to nearly the speed of light.

The movement of free electrons and the gaps created by those loosed particles generate an electric current.

By careful construction of the avalanche region, it is possible to build an APD which generates an output, or gain, of 1500 electrons for every photon which is absorbed.

Researchers in Spain have discovered that if lead atoms are intercalated on a graphene sheet, a powerful magnetic field is generated by the interaction of the electrons» spin with their orbital movement.

The magnetic field, which may be generated by the planet's core, is connected to the winds because of high temperatures stripping electrons from atmospheric atoms of lithium, sodium and potassium, making them positively charged.

Barati noted that more electrons could be generated also by increasing the temperature of the device.

The researchers ascribe this effect to the interaction between the electrons carrying electricity and the magnetic field which is generated by the surrounding atomic nuclei in the organic molecules.

Elizabeth Heidrich, a PhD student at Newcastle University in England and lead author of the new study, studies microbial fuel cells — devices that generate electrical current by capturing the electrons freed as bacteria break down organic matter in wastewater.

Through rudimentary computer modeling, Wilson discovered that that something was neutrinos, generated in copious amounts — on the order of 1 followed by 58 zeroes — when the electrons and protons in the core turn into neutrons.

Both Japan and the US plan to build such a facility which would generate B mesons by smashing electrons and positrons together in a circular collider.

For the spin - Hall effect electron - spins are generated by irradiating the sample with circularly polarised light.

Most organisms internally generate energy by coupling the addition of electrons to one molecule with their removal from another.

A microbial fuel cell — which generates power by feeding organic matter (which saliva has lots of) to bacteria, which, in turn, produce electrons — was a natural candidate for their projects.

While observing a beam of muon neutrinos generated by one of Fermilab's particle accelerators, the MiniBooNE researchers found that an unexpectedly high number of the particles in the low - energy range (below 475 million electron volts) had transformed into electron neutrinos.

These plasma waves in turn generate strong electric fields that trap electrons and can accelerate them to energy levels on the order of one billion electron volts, which means the electrons are zipping by at around 99.99999 percent the speed of light.

By hurling protons together at 14 trillion electron volts, it will create the kinds of high - energy collisions that are supposed to generate microscopic black holes.

The energy lost by the electrons in the process of generating this synchrotron light is restored as they pass through the RF cavities.

In standard electron microscopy, scientists shine a beam of electrons through a sample and then, on the other side, detect the electrons, which have been deflected by the material and now carry the information needed to generate an image of the sample.

B and C Micro-compartments for cyclic PET (hashed arrows): electrons are returned to the PET chain, either directly by Fd (B), or by NADPH, via the NAD (P) H dehydrogenase complex (NDH)(C) generating a proton gradient with no net reductant.

In this work, we propose an in - situ carbon doped SnS2 nanostructure system with limited average lifetime of photo - generated electrons and holes by shortening the diffusion time so that they can reach the reaction sites before losing their energy.

Where the two semiconductor layers met, they formed an atomically sharp heterostructure called a p — n junction, which generated a photovoltaic response by separating electron — hole pairs that were generated by light.

Solar X rays have been attributed to bremsstrahlung generated by fast electrons passing through the matter in the part of the Sun's atmosphere called the chromosphere.

He went on to develop serial block - face electron microscopy, whereby detailed 3D imagery of minute structures within tissue are generated by the repeated removal of thin slices and scanning of the remaining cut surface of samples.

The electrons remain at the center and are then free to do work, just like the electrons generated by fossil fuel combustion.

A JCAP study shows that nearly 90 - percent of the electrons generated by a semiconductor / cobaloxime hybrid catalyst designed to store solar energy in hydrogen are being stored in their intended target molecules.

Peters» work examines energy conservation at the molecular level and how life generates energy from food by shearing off electrons.

Hence Mario Merz's attachment to Fibonacci's invention of a numerical system that behaves like self - generating patterns in nature (the breeding of rabbits and the structure of shells, for example) and his fondness for the brilliant gaseous light neon gives off once excited by electrons.

While commercial implementation may still be years ahead in the future, this technology offers a significant increase in carrier efficiency (i.e. how many electrons are generated on average by an incident photon) and, to me, this is very promising in terms of getting the price of solar energy way down and making it attractive even to the most conservative investors.

From the Pacific Northest National Laboratories: - «If all the cars and light trucks in the nation switched from oil to electrons, idle capacity in the existing electric power system could generate most of the electricity consumed by plug - in hybrid

RICHLAND, Wash. - If all the cars and light trucks in the nation switched from oil to electrons, idle capacity in the existing electric power system could generate most of the electricity consumed by plug - in hybrid electric vehicles.

A new study by Berkeley Lab researchers at the Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis (JCAP) shows that nearly 90 - percent of the electrons generated by a hybrid material designed to store solar energy in hydrogen are being stored in the target hydrogen molecules.

For example, if I attempt to do an a priori computation of the quantum structure of, say, a carbon atom, I might begin by solving a single electron model, treating the electron - electron interaction using the probability distribution from the single electron model to generate a spherically symmetric «density» of electrons around the nucleus, and then performing a self - consistent field theory iteration (resolving the single electron model for the new potential) until it converges.

The students» BioVolt MFC prototypes use electrons released by cellulose - munching bacteria to generate electricity.