:: Virgin biofuel demonstration to use first
generation feedstock: Boeing, via:: GreenCarCongress
Another plus is that ethanol produced from second -
generation feedstock has high performance and compatibility with traditional combustion engines and current energy infrastructure, including refineries and pipelines.
«The second [test] will be to look more at sustainability issues and second -
generation feedstocks.»
So, more attention and resources are going into the producing of ethanol and other biofuel types from second -
generation feedstocks, sometimes known as non-food crops.
Ethanol made from corn grain, beets, sugarcane, wheat and other first -
generation feedstocks is getting a bad rap these days.
That opening is giving other potential second -
generation feedstocks, such as kudzu and cattails, an opportunity to prove their ethanol mettle.
Not exact matches
The fuel has already replaced oil as a petrochemical
feedstock, home heating fuel and in electricity
generation.
Depending on the nature of the food waste and the location of the
generation, our food waste can be used as animal feed, as
feedstock for anaerobic digestion, a composting substrate, or as a synthetic nutrient substitute.
Faster - growing root systems could allow new plants to take hold more quickly, including perennial grasses like switchgrass and Miscanthus, which are considered viable
feedstocks for next -
generation biofuel.
«One of the reasons for interest in these second -
generation cellulosic
feedstocks is that if they can be grown on low - quality soil, they wouldn't compete for land with food crops, such as corn.
It is used in power
generation, primarily for cooling thermal power plants; in the extraction, transport and processing of fuels; and, increasingly, in irrigation to grow biomass
feedstock crops.
Project Drawdown defines biomass as: the use of perennial biomass
feedstock for dedicated electricity
generation and combined heat and power
generation.
This analysis focuses on perennial biomass, and models both woody and herbaceous plants as the main source of
feedstock for dedicated electricity
generation and combined heat and power
generation.
The total addressable market for electricity
generation technologies using perennial crops as
feedstock is based on estimated global electricity
generation in terawatt - hours from 2020 - 2050.
Third
generation renewable fuels production systems, such as photosyn - thetic algae, are unlikely to supply significant quantities of
feedstock oil by 2020 and may involve consideration of the water requirement tradeoffs.
Currently, only a small share of such residues is available for energy
generation but, as bioenergy production increases, agricultural residues may become more important biofuel
feedstocks.
Sustainable Aviation Fuels: Powering the Next
Generation of Flight in the Northwest (2011) Reflecting the perspectives of more than forty stakeholders involved with Sustainable Aviation Fuels Northwest, this report assesses current trends in aviation fuels and supply chains in the context of regional biomass technologies and
feedstocks.
Other studies of nearly decarbonizing the power sector by mid-century show that more efficient, advanced biopower technologies using low - carbon
feedstocks, such as agricultural residues and energy crops, could provide a modest contribution of up to 15 percent of U.S. electricity
generation (NREL 2012, UCS 2013).
Wood energy produced with efficient technology is already competitive with fossil energy in many countries and can offer some of the highest levels of energy and carbon efficiency among bioenergy
feedstocks, in particular when used for heat and power
generation.
There is also generally a better climate (rain and temperature) and soils for first -
generation and possibly second -
generation biofuels
feedstocks than in North America or Europe.
The U.S. Energy Information Administration includes the following in U.S. primary energy production: coal production, waste coal supplied, and coal refuse recovery; crude oil and lease condensate production; natural gas plant liquids production; dry natural gas excluding supplemental gaseous fuels production; nuclear electricity net
generation (converted to Btu using the nuclear plant heat rates); conventional hydroelectricity net
generation (converted to Btu using the fossil - fuels plant heat rates); geothermal electricity net
generation (converted to Btu using the fossil - fuels plant heat rates), and geothermal heat pump energy and geothermal direct use energy; solar thermal and photovoltaic electricity net
generation (converted to Btu using the fossil - fuels plant heat rates), and solar thermal direct use energy; wind electricity net
generation (converted to Btu using the fossil - fuels plant heat rates); wood and wood - derived fuels consumption; biomass waste consumption; and biofuels
feedstock.
Rather, it will be a first -
generation biofuel whose
feedstock is generally understood to compete with either land and water use for food crops or carbon sinks such as rainforests.»
It seems like it's not quite what we're going to get for the first flight this month: «it will not be an algae or halophyte - derived alternative, second -
generation biofuels that come from renewable and sustainable
feedstocks.
The next
generation of bioenergy technology aims to replace current
feedstocks such as corn, sorghum, sugarcane, rapeseed, soy, and oil palm with dedicated cellulosic crops (Kszos et al. 2000; Heaton et al. 2008b), such as woody tree species and the grasses switchgrass (Panacum vergatum) and miscanthus (Miscanthus x giganteus)(Lewandowski et al. 2000).
One day it will run out taking with it the transport industry, as it is currently totally fossil fuel based, the plastics and fertilizer industries that require fossil fuels as
feedstock and the power
generation system that uses natural gas.
Biodiesel from a variety of
feedstocks can meet contemporary needs for environmental stewardship, economic prosperity, and quality of life without compromising the ability of future
generations to meet these needs for them.