Sentences with phrase «genes affect brain»

Believe it or not, by monitoring the number of eggs laid, scientists are able to better understand how our genes affect brain function.

The focus of Dr. Smoller's research interests has been 1) understanding the genetic and environmental determinants of psychiatric disorders across the lifespan; 2) integrating genomics and neuroscience to unravel how genes affect brain structure and function; and 3) using «big data», including electronic health records and genomics, to advance precision medicine.

With further research into how these genes affect the brain, it could become possible to understand how genes linked to schizophrenia affect people's cognitive function,» said McIntosh.

Not exact matches

Neuroscientists have over the past decade uncovered evidence, both in rodent and human studies, that parental caregiving, especially in moments of stress, affects children's development not only on the level of hormones and brain chemicals, but even more deeply, on the level of gene expression.

Strangely enough, former lovers somehow make an imprint on the brain and possibly affect genes, especially if there was past fluid exchange.

But over the past decade, researchers have identified hundreds of gene variations that seem to affect brain development in ways that increase the risk of autism.

Because this imprinting affects hundreds of genes that are non-coding, including microRNAs and non-coding RNAs, it's a very interesting fine - tuning mechanism for the dosage of gene expression in the brain and elsewhere in the body.»

Examples of gene networks in the hippocampus affected by brain trauma.

The study, which is published in the journal Molecular Psychiatry, describes a possible mechanism for how the gene variant produces clinical symptoms by affecting levels of specific proteins in the brain.

More and more, researchers are finding that an extra bit of a vitamin, a brief exposure to a toxin, even an added dose of mothering can tweak the epigenome — and thereby alter the software of our genes — in ways that affect an individual's body and brain for life.

Yang said the study not only indicated which genes are affected by traumatic brain injury and linked to serious disease, but also might point to the genes that govern metabolism, cell communication and inflammation — which might make them the best targets for new treatments for brain disorders.

The newly identified gene affects accumulation of amyloid - beta, a protein believed to be one of the main causes of the damage that underpins this brain disease in humans.

The loss of a single gene in mice can affect social behavior and impair their brains» ability to filter out distractions — both characteristics of several neurological diseases in humans.

Prof. Reiner had identified this gene — LIS1 — back in 1993, and has continued to investigate its role in the developing brain and in the disease, which affects one in 30,000 births.

In future experiments, Lahn will insert the human ASPM gene into mice to see what affect it has on brain development.

Previous studies have looked mainly at genes causing atherosclerosis and genes affecting the function of platelets and clotting processes as risk factors for ischemic stroke (clot obstructing blood flow to the brain).

The findings highlight specific sets of genes and the brain cells they affect as being involved in regulating anxiety.

This epigenetic alteration of gene activity in brain cells that receive this neurotransmitter showed for the first time that dopamine deficiencies can affect a variety of behavioral and physiological functions regulated in the prefrontal cortex.

The researchers investigated 16 groups of female and male mice offspring exposed to maternal diet - induced obesity and male hormone excess and studied how these environmental factors affected the mice's behaviour as well as gene expression in the brain.

The environmental factors also affected gene expression in the brain.

The tiny addition of a chemical mark atop a gene that is well known for its involvement in clinical depression and posttraumatic stress disorder can affect the way a person's brain responds to threats, according to a new study by Duke University researchers.

«Single gene variation linked to obesity: Variation in the BDNF gene may affect brain's regulation of appetite, study suggests.»

They then exposed the mice to light and studied how it affected genes within the brain.

«It also affected the expression of certain genes in the brain that are involved in «neuroplasticity», which may be associated with memory impairment,» says Morris.

Gene variants that affect the way our brain works may be the reason, according to a new study.

If chemogenetics turns out to have harmful effects, the affected brain area could still be surgically removed, Kullmann, because the virus used to deliver the gene only spreads a few millimetres.

Ours is the first study describing how brain genes affect food intake and dietary preferences in a group of healthy people.»

Using novel technologies developed at HMS, the team looked at how a single sensory experience affects gene expression in the brain by analyzing more than 114,000 individual cells in the mouse visual cortex before and after exposure to light.

«Experience and environmental stimuli appear to almost constantly affect gene expression and function throughout the brain.

Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) scientists have profiled key features of the genetic material inside three types of brain cells and found vast differences in the patterns of chemical modifications that affect how the genes in each type of neuron are regulated.

Second, affected genes may disturb fundamental pathways in the body and lead to chronic inflammation across the brain, immune system, and digestive system.

«We hope that in the future, by fully understanding how this gene affects signaling in the brain, we may be able to identify drugs to restore the normal signaling balance in neurons and improve cognitive and social function in patients,» says lead author Dr. M. Chiara Manzini.

And in January 2009 another Nature Genetics paper found an association between high body mass index and a 45,000 base - pair deletion in a gene called NEGR1, which affects neuronal growth in the hypothalamus, a brain region that regulates hunger and metabolism.

The researchers assessed how the mothers» nutrition affected epigenetic changes (or DNA methylation) of IGF2, a gene involved in fetal development and the brain development of areas implicated in ADHD — the cerebellum and hippocampus.

«What we are trying to do is identify the function of genes and how they affect the way the individuals process information and the structure of the brain.

By performing DNA sequencing of more than 4,000 families affected by neurological problems, the two research teams independently discovered that a disease marked by reduced brain size and sensory and motor defects is caused by a mutation in a gene called CLP1, which is known to regulate tRNA metabolism in cells.

The findings also suggest that identifying the brain circuits affected by mutated genes linked to psychiatric disease could help scientists develop more personalized treatments for patients in the future, Feng says.

Although Khaitovich thinks that the Neandertal genes affect the composition of fat throughout the body, the researchers focused on brain tissue first because it contains so many fatty acids — and was available from a brain tissue bank.

The researchers also determined that many of the 18 newly identified autism genes affect the operation of a small subset of biological pathways in the brain.

A region of the gene that produces the PACAP38 protein has held nearly constant, even in humans, presumably because the protein plays diverse roles in neuron communication and is essential for normal development of the cerebellum, affecting brain cell migration, for example.

«But genes tied to autism tend to affect specific functions, such as the connections between brain regions that are essential to many human - specific behaviors, like speech and language.»

An improved understanding of the biological background of musical aptitude can contribute new insights into, for instance, genes that affect normal brain functions, the interactions between genes and the environment and the significance of music as a form of therapy.

And included among the genes that follow this pattern is one that critically affects brain development and maternal care behavior.

They found that the associated regions contained numerous candidate genes, among them genes known to affect ear function, language development, memory, bird song and the brain's reward mechanism.

At the time, it was thought that this gene fusion was limited to a fraction of brain tumors, affecting about 300 patients in the U.S. per year.

In the course of this work, he has pioneered several new approaches in the fruit fly that have had important implications for mammalian neurobiology, including: the demonstration that the fruit fly has a sleep - like behavior similar to that of mammals, studies of physiological and behavioral consequences of mutations in a neurotransmitter system affecting one of the brain's principal chemical signals, studies making highly localized genetic alterations in the nervous system to alter behavior, and molecular identification of genes causing naturally occurring variation in behavior.

Dr. Coyle's Laboratory for Psychiatric and Molecular Neuroscience takes advantage of insights into recently identified genes that confer risk for schizophrenia and related disorders and translates them into genetic mouse models to determine how these mutations affect brain changes as well as function, neurochemistry, and behavior.

The study also demonstrates an association between NCAN variations with volumes of certain brain regions in young adults and infants, suggesting that the gene is able to affect brain structure and function.

«If you want to discover genes that affect the brain, the only way we know how to do that is by analyzing tens of thousands of brain scans and their corresponding genetic data.

Researchers studying worms have discovered new information on a gene that is involved in the development of Joubert syndrome, a genetic disorder that affects the brain stem.