Sentences with phrase «genes functioned normally»

Indeed, after Siddle added a squirt of interferon - gamma — a chemical messenger that activates numerous genes involved in producing MHC antigens — to cells cultured from devil tumors, the MHC genes functioned normally again, and the tumor cells» identity cards showed up, plain as day.

Not exact matches

Because the prion - forming protein identified in the study normally functions as a regulator of gene activity, the researchers say their discovery raises the possibility that when it switches to a prion state, it could alter genetic expression and bacterial behavior.

When Blakely's team spliced the DNA sequence that encodes the relevant fly amino acid into the mouse serotonin transporter gene, the mice now made a transporter that was 80 times less sensitive to cocaine, while allowing the transporter to function completely normally.

The two genes implicated — GNAQ and GNA11 — code for proteins (known as G proteins) that normally function as molecular on - off switches, regulating the passage of information from the outside to the inside of a cell.

First author Kim Martinod, a graduate student in the Immunology Graduate Program at the Harvard University Medical School, found that, in response to vein constriction, these «rescued» mice now could function normally, forming clots as efficiently as mice with a functioning Pad4 gene, demonstrating that the Pad4 gene did produce a functioning PAD4 enzyme in these white blood cells to regulate blood clotting.

In one of their experiments, team members compared mice with a normally functioning Pad4 gene to mice with a defective gene.

Malinow's team found that when mice are missing the PKC alpha gene, neurons functioned normally, even when amyloid beta was present.

There, they began to specialize, creating all of the secondary or «daughter» cells that such stem cells normally produce — including healthy T cells with functioning ADA genes.

The disease arises from a mutation in genes that normally make a protein, called myotubularin, essential for proper muscle function.

For example, scientists have not been able to resolve what function the HTT gene serves normally, or how its mutation creates problems in the brain.

Thus, cells appear to require a double dose of PAR - gene proteins to function normally.

The disabled gene codes for the protein PD - 1, which normally puts the brakes on a cell's immune response: cancers take advantage of that function to proliferate.

«Our study sheds new light on how genes normally function in sperm stem cells,» says Cairns.

A-T is caused by lost function in a gene, ATM, which normally repairs damaged DNA in the cells and preserves normal function.

They are the first to map groups of autism - risk genes by function, and to identify where and when these genes normally play major roles in early brain development.

p53 is therefore well - studied as an oncogene, or a gene that when not functioning normally can contribute to a normal cell becoming cancerous.

But a breakthrough came in 1995 when researchers in France identified a gene, called survivor motor neuron that is necessary for motor neurons to function normally.

There is brain - derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF): Some researchers suspect a variant BDNF gene might prevent hippocampal cells in the brain from functioning normally and possibly increase the risk of depression.

To ensure that cells function normally, tens of thousands of genes must be turned on or off together.

This program has provided the first comprehensive picture of how a gene normally associated with cancer can influence development, survival and normal function of brain cells central to age - associated neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease.

Doctors treated 17 children with ALD with gene therapy; two years later, 15 were functioning normally.

The biochemistry suggests that people with a normally functioning MAT gene could have two other reasons for poor activation of methionine: poor magnesium status, or a low metabolic rate.

On the other hand, if a dog were to inherit only one PCD gene and a normal one from the other parent, then it is possible that half of the cilia function normally and the other half doesnʼt.

There is also the possibility of a genetic cause involving the p53 gene and an Rb gene which normally act as tumor suppresser genes and for some reason are altered preventing their usual functioning.