Sentences with phrase «genes in the cell without»

«We can turn up the translation of arbitrary genes in the cell without having to modify the genome at all,» Martin - Alarcon says.

Not exact matches

What all these have in common is that, without any central control, individual units (genes, cells neurons or workers) respond to simple, local information, in ways that allow the whole system (cells, brains, organisms or colonies) to function: the appropriate number of units performs each activity at the appropriate time.

Autism risk mutations inactivate this gene and, in the absence of their own ability to produce carnitine and without adequate outside supplementation, neural stem cells become less efficient at self - renewal.

Sutherland says the genes she studies are already silenced in healthy adult tissue, so theoretically researchers should be able to design therapies that re-silence them in cancer cells without side effects.

Monitoring mRNA could tell scientists a great deal about which genes are being expressed in a cell, and tweaking the translation of mRNA would allow them to alter gene expression without having to modify the cell's DNA.

«The challenge has been how to direct certain therapies designed to manipulate genes of interest in specific cells without developing a specific drug carrier for each specific cell type.

«The innovation of this method is that it enables us to monitor this gene in real - time without killing the cell.

By turning on a several genes in adult cells, scientists can transform skin or blood cells into stem cells that can become every cell type in the body — without the ethical and practical complications of using embryos or oocytes.

«Margery's experiments showed that the NS1 protein can alter expression of Hedgehog target genes on its own, without other viral proteins,» said Bier, professor and newly named holder of the Tata Chancellor's Endowed Professorship in Cell and Developmental Biology.

Multiplexed genetic screening for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene rearrangements and subsequent biomarker - guided treatment is cost - effective compared with standard chemotherapy treatment without any molecular testing in the metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) setting in the United States.

Coussens and her U.C.S.F. colleagues Douglas Hanahan and Zena Werb reported in 1999 that mice engineered with activated cancer genes but without mast cells (another type of innate immune cell) developed premalignant tissue that did not progress to full malignancy.

Among patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer without a mutation of a certain gene (EGFR), conventional chemotherapy, compared with treatment using epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors, was associated with improvement in survival without progression of the cancer, but not with overall survival, according to a study in the April 9 issue of JAMA.

When the team measured gene expression first in the stem cells, and then re-evaluated the cells once they had become neurons, very specific differences emerged between the cells derived from bipolar disorder patients and those without the condition.

Knocking out a particular gene in muscle lets mice run twice as far as normal; knocking out the same gene in fat cells allows the animals to put on weight without developing type - 2 diabetes.

Surprisingly, they found that although the patterns of gene expression — as shown by the RNA sequencing — differed between the hepatocellular carcinomas and the liver cancers with biliary phenotype and depended on the histological type, the overall pattern of mutations in the cells was actually similar between the tumors — of either type — that had emerged in patients who had had infections with either hepatitis C or B, and were different in patients without such infections.

Imagine researchers» excitement, then, when Kyoto University's Shinya Yamanaka reported last year that his group had created embryolike cells directly, without transferring chromosomes, simply by injecting mouse fibroblast cells with four genes that are active in embryonic cells but not in adult ones.

Gene switches have been identified that work in very specific brain areas, potentially enabling light to target unhealthy cells without disrupting healthy ones.

Without the gene, the mice didn't have Neuroligin - 3 in their brains, a protein that helps nerve cells communicate.

Wong and his team then inserted another gene in the same cell that made a modified recombinase, activated only when bound to a specific drug; without it, the recombinase wouldn't cut the DNA.

In research published today in Cell Reports, the team identify a large number of genes that could serve as potential targets for anti-AML treatments and describe how inhibition of one of these genes, KAT2A, destroys AML cells without harming non-leukaemic blood cellIn research published today in Cell Reports, the team identify a large number of genes that could serve as potential targets for anti-AML treatments and describe how inhibition of one of these genes, KAT2A, destroys AML cells without harming non-leukaemic blood cellin Cell Reports, the team identify a large number of genes that could serve as potential targets for anti-AML treatments and describe how inhibition of one of these genes, KAT2A, destroys AML cells without harming non-leukaemic blood cells.

As a prelude to introducing genes whose products would be therapeutically useful in cancer, the researchers say they have successfully introduced a harmless gene from bacteria into TILs without affecting the behaviour of the cells (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol 87, p 473).

Based on analyses of over 600 drug and breast cancer cell pairings, researchers showed that, for some cells, drug exposure can cause significant changes in gene expression — indicating the successful action of a drug on its target — without affecting cell growth or survival.

Without this primer, researchers had to first grow the bacterial cells in a laboratory before extracting their DNA and amplifying the gene.

An ambitious study in yeast shows that the health of cells depends on the highly intertwined effects of many genes, few of which can be deleted together without consequence.

The scientists took the genes for the most effective liver cancer antigen receptors on those T cells, put those receptors on human T cells and the resulting engineered human T cells eradicated the cancer as well, without hurting normal liver cells, they report in the journal Hepatology.

The activation of the oncogenes Cyclin E or Myc, on the other hand, induces the cells to begin replication of their DNA prematurely, without having had time to eliminate all the replication origins present in the genes.

The result: Even without salt treatment, there are genes working in the bladder cells which are in other species only active when the plant is under stress.

The scientists then looked at gene activation in insulin signaling pathways for iPSCs and fibroblasts with IR mutations, and for corresponding cells derived from people without those mutations.

Thus, tweaking Aspm can actually dial up or down the number of nerve cells in the brain, Walsh says, without having to change many genes all at once.

They also want to be able to insert more subtle mutations, such as those reported in HIV - resistant individuals, which could alter cell function just enough to confer resistance but without fully deactivating the gene and impeding cell function.

Induction of stem cell gene expression in adult human fibroblasts without transgenes.

In an earlier discovery, Dr. Srivastava's team at Gladstone showed that inserting three - to - seven genes into a skin cell can transform it into a beating heart cell, without passing through the pluripotent state.

With the help of this grant, we are generating mice engineered to switch off the APOE gene only in microglia and performing molecular profiling without having to isolate microglial cells first.

In these tests, StemFit not only delivered higher cell proliferation, but also showed characteristics such as homogeneity of gene expression compared with iPS cells cultured with four other media without any chromosomal abnormalities.

«Without computer analysis of sequencing results, we would not have been able to determine relationships between DNA methylation, how accessible regions of the genome were, global gene expression, or the emergence of cancer cells,» says González - Avalos, a graduate student in UCSD's Bioinformatics Graduate Program.

In this study the researchers achieved reprogramming of adult cells without the use of a gene which has been linked to the development of tumours.

«Without the Bcl - xL gene to tell cells to survive in developing organs, you don't get viable organs,» says Craig Thompson, MD, director of the University of Chicago's Gwen Knapp Center for Lupus and Immunology Research and an investigator in the university's Howard Hughes Medical Institute, who is senior author of the new study.

To uncover exactly what happens in those first few minutes, the team used the gene editing technique CRISPR to delete AMPK in cells and showed that, even when poison or other threats are introduced to the mitochondria, they do not fragment without AMPK.

In a major breakthrough, Gladstone scientists transformed skin cells into heart cells and brain cells using a combination of chemicals and without adding external genes to the cells.

In this study, we provide the first evidence that in STAT1 - deficient U3A cells, STAT2 forms a complex with IRF - 9 on the ISRE regions of RIG - G promoter and effectively mediates the transcription of RIG - G gene, even without the tyrosine phosphorylatioIn this study, we provide the first evidence that in STAT1 - deficient U3A cells, STAT2 forms a complex with IRF - 9 on the ISRE regions of RIG - G promoter and effectively mediates the transcription of RIG - G gene, even without the tyrosine phosphorylatioin STAT1 - deficient U3A cells, STAT2 forms a complex with IRF - 9 on the ISRE regions of RIG - G promoter and effectively mediates the transcription of RIG - G gene, even without the tyrosine phosphorylation.

In a revolutionary set of studies, Gladstone scientists pioneered a way to reprogram skin cells into heart cells and brain cells using only a combination of chemicals and without adding any external genes to the cells.

These knockout cell lines allow researchers to quickly validate their gene or target of interest, without having to invest time and resource in developing in - house CRISPR technology.

In agreement with this, both wt STAT2 and mutant STAT2 - Y690F displayed a similar effect on the luciferase reporter gene expression in U3A cells without IFNIn agreement with this, both wt STAT2 and mutant STAT2 - Y690F displayed a similar effect on the luciferase reporter gene expression in U3A cells without IFNin U3A cells without IFNα.

In a scientific first, Gladstone researchers have used chemical drugs to convert skin cells into heart cells and brain cells, without adding any external genes.

In this new work, «Ways to Scale», Cooper explores a type of genetic alteration which happens amongst cephalopods — squid, octopi, cuttlefish and nautiluses where they have the ability to alter the genetic makeup of their cells, fine - tuning the information encoded by their genes without altering the genes themselves.