Sentences with phrase «genetic studies of living»

Genetic studies of living Native Americans and ancient remains are revising our theories about America's first inhabitants.

Not exact matches

A degree of kinship between human beings and the rest of physical creation has always been clear to an extent, but the depth and detail of our interrelationship with the rest of life on the planet is being confirmed over and over again in breathtaking detail by new scientific advances such as genetic studies and molecular biology.

Christian and Jewish leaders addressed issues of genetic research during President Jimmy Carter's administration, promoting a report called Splicing Life, issued by the President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research.

Studying the two different types of twins allowed researchers to estimate the relative influence of three different factors on twins» trust and distrust trust behaviors: heritable factors — that is, genetic influences; shared environmental factors — that is, common experiences of growing up in the same family and interacting with the same immediate peers; and unshared environmental factors — or the siblings» unique experiences in life.

Flies are ideal for genetic studies because they have short life spans and are small, which means that researchers can breed and interbreed thousands of them in the laboratory until interesting mutations crop up.

However, researchers studying the origins of life have long thought that RNA was the first genetic material.

They studied genetic data from 1,983 living individuals across Africa, Europe, Asia, Oceania, and the Americas and concluded that Neanderthals or another ancient hominid group must have interbred with our ancestors at least once, in the eastern Mediterranean, soon after humans migrated out of Africa.

Indeed, he notes, it's improbable that all of the previous genetic studies of red deer, including those living throughout Europe today, wouldn't have picked up any of the haplotypes he and his team identified in their new research.

«I think this is a step towards making sense out of a lot of data — genetic data, environmental data, epidemiological data — to help us understand factors that contribute to long and healthy life,» says Winifred Rossi, deputy director of the Division of Geriatrics and Clinical Gerontology at the National Institute on Aging, who wasn't involved in the study.

By measuring the levels of various substances in the shoots of the legume, which lives in symbiosis with fungi, and combining the results with large - scale genetic studies, the researchers have found that the levels of secondary substances (flavonoids and terpenoids) rise in the shoots as a result of the increased hormonal levels.

Insights could also come from genetic studies of centenarians, who may have inherited long life from their parents.

In particular, he studies the emergence of the genetic code, the biochemical interface by which organisms translate genetic instructions into living bodies.

The study, published in Cell Reports, shows that male and female flies live longer than average when given low doses of lithium during adulthood or later in life, regardless of their genetic make - up.

«Analyzing nuclear DNA will enhance our understanding of the actual population sizes of the lemurs before they succumbed to extinction, which will better allow us to develop genetic «extinction alerts» for living lemurs,» said study co-author Anne Yoder of Duke..

That's the conclusion of a new study published in today's issue of Science, * which shows that worms with a metabolism - slowing genetic defect live 50 % longer lives than their bustling counterparts.

The earliest ancestors of golden retrievers were chosen for their yellow coat and patient personality, but these desired traits came with an unfortunate side effect: a genetic predisposition to cancer, which ends up claiming the life of up to 63 percent of these dogs, according to one study.

Led by Dr. Gregor Rolshausen, then a postdoctoral researcher at McGill working with Prof. Andrew Hendry, the team went to study the guppy fish living in polluted areas, comparing their morphology and genetic makeup to those of similar guppies from non-polluted parts of Trinidad.

Now, in a series of recent studies, scientists at the University of Missouri are using whole genome sequencing through the 99 Lives Cat Genome Sequencing Consortium to identify genetic variants that cause rare diseases, such as progressive retinal atrophy and Niemann - Pick type 1, a fatal disorder in domestic cats.

«We've been able to look at how newly discovered genetic risks relate to the life course of asthma at an unprecedented level of resolution,» said Daniel Belsky, a postdoctoral fellow at the Duke Institute for Genome Sciences & Policy and the Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development.

This is the first study to use genetic analysis to pinpoint the source of a raft carrying live organisms, says Kenneth Sytsma, a botanist at the University of Wisconsin, Madison.

This bank of living tumour cells allowed the team to study not only the genetics of the cells, but also how genetic mutations in the mitochondria — which drive energy production in the cell — caused changes in the cell's metabolism.

Because RNA can do many things at once, those studying the origins of life have long thought that it was the first genetic material.

The resulting PNAS study could have been three separate papers: the archival research of specimens from the Field Museum, the genetic phylogeny, and the neurobiological study of the living species.

In his penetrating study of language, MIT linguist Noam Chomsky has given us a framework that is to culture what the genetic code is to life.

The study also sheds light on how the first Americans dispersed through the continent; Reich found that populations along the coast showed far more genetic diversity than those living in the interior of the continent.

The fact that the findings aligned so closely with those of previous, smaller studies in other populations was surprising even to the scientists, given the subjects» unique genetic background and living environments.

PORTLAND, OREGON — The amount of genetic variation within a plant species can influence which insects and spiders live on the plants, a new study finds.

Some genetic studies, many on mitochondrial DNA of living people, supported this picture by indicating a relatively early split between Aborigines and other non-Africans.

«Overall, however, the study confirms the long - held assumption that the genetic differences between populations of a given species might predict its probability of contributing to the diversity of life,» Harvey said.

The discovery bolsters the widely held view among researchers who study the origin of life that RNA likely preceded DNA as the central genetic storehouse of information in the earliest cells some 4 billion years ago.

But genetic studies of modern animals had suggested that all of these creatures evolved from a single - celled ancestor that lived at least 100 million years before that, leaving a huge gap between the estimated origin of animals and the appearance of the earliest known animal fossils.

A massive genetic study of humpback whale populations will help inform ongoing conservation reassessments of humpback whale populations, and reaffirms the highly distinct nature of a small, non-migratory population of humpback whales living in the Arabian Sea in need on continued protection.

«Many mechanisms of resistance to Bt proteins have been proposed and studied in the lab, but this is the first analysis of the molecular genetic basis of severe pest resistance to a Bt crop in the field,» said Bruce Tabashnik, one of the paper's authors and the head of the Department of Entomology in the UA College of Agriculture and Life Sciences.

Based on their research from the Chorora, Kadabba and Ardi finds, the team says the common ancestor of chimps and humans lived earlier than had been evidenced by genetic and molecular studies, which placed the split about 5 million years ago.

Brunner, who is based in the Department of Forest Resources and Environmental Conservation and is affiliated with the Fralin Life Science Institute, contributed her knowledge of genetic mechanisms, development processes, and function of genes to the study.

Our study, along with prior studies, supports the notion that «cognitive reserve» resulting from early - life and lifelong education and cognitive stimulation may be a potent strategy for the primary prevention of dementia in both high - and low - income countries around the world.21 However, it should be noted that the relationships among education, brain biology, and cognitive function are complex and likely multidirectional; for instance, a number of recent population - based studies have shown genetic links with level of educational attainment, 22,23 and with the risk for cognitive decline in later life.24 Higher levels of educational attainment are also associated with health behaviors (eg, physical activity, diet, and smoking), more cognitively - complex occupations, and better access to health care, all of which may play a role in decreasing lifetime dementia risk.

g (acceleration due to gravity) G (gravitational constant) G star G1.9 +0.3 gabbro Gabor, Dennis (1900 — 1979) Gabriel's Horn Gacrux (Gamma Crucis) gadolinium Gagarin, Yuri Alexeyevich (1934 — 1968) Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center GAIA Gaia Hypothesis galactic anticenter galactic bulge galactic center Galactic Club galactic coordinates galactic disk galactic empire galactic equator galactic habitable zone galactic halo galactic magnetic field galactic noise galactic plane galactic rotation galactose Galatea GALAXIES galaxy galaxy cannibalism galaxy classification galaxy formation galaxy interaction galaxy merger Galaxy, The Galaxy satellite series Gale Crater Galen (c. AD 129 — c. 216) galena GALEX (Galaxy Evolution Explorer) Galilean satellites Galilean telescope Galileo (Galilei, Galileo)(1564 — 1642) Galileo (spacecraft) Galileo Europa Mission (GEM) Galileo satellite navigation system gall gall bladder Galle, Johann Gottfried (1812 — 1910) gallic acid gallium gallon gallstone Galois, Évariste (1811 — 1832) Galois theory Galton, Francis (1822 — 1911) Galvani, Luigi (1737 — 1798) galvanizing galvanometer game game theory GAMES AND PUZZLES gamete gametophyte Gamma (Soviet orbiting telescope) Gamma Cassiopeiae Gamma Cassiopeiae star gamma function gamma globulin gamma rays Gamma Velorum gamma - ray burst gamma - ray satellites Gamow, George (1904 — 1968) ganglion gangrene Ganswindt, Hermann (1856 — 1934) Ganymede «garbage theory», of the origin of life Gardner, Martin (1914 — 2010) Garneau, Marc (1949 ---RRB- garnet Garnet Star (Mu Cephei) Garnet Star Nebula (IC 1396) garnierite Garriott, Owen K. (1930 ---RRB- Garuda gas gas chromatography gas constant gas giant gas laws gas - bounded nebula gaseous nebula gaseous propellant gaseous - propellant rocket engine gasoline Gaspra (minor planet 951) Gassendi, Pierre (1592 — 1655) gastric juice gastrin gastrocnemius gastroenteritis gastrointestinal tract gastropod gastrulation Gatewood, George D. (1940 ---RRB- Gauer - Henry reflex gauge boson gauge theory gauss (unit) Gauss, Carl Friedrich (1777 — 1855) Gaussian distribution Gay - Lussac, Joseph Louis (1778 — 1850) GCOM (Global Change Observing Mission) Geber (c. 720 — 815) gegenschein Geiger, Hans Wilhelm (1882 — 1945) Geiger - Müller counter Giessler tube gel gelatin Gelfond's theorem Gell - Mann, Murray (1929 ---RRB- GEM «gemination,» of martian canals Geminga Gemini (constellation) Gemini Observatory Gemini Project Gemini - Titan II gemstone gene gene expression gene mapping gene pool gene therapy gene transfer General Catalogue of Variable Stars (GCVS) general precession general theory of relativity generation ship generator Genesis (inflatable orbiting module) Genesis (sample return probe) genetic code genetic counseling genetic disorder genetic drift genetic engineering genetic marker genetic material genetic pool genetic recombination genetics GENETICS AND HEREDITY Geneva Extrasolar Planet Search Program genome genome, interstellar transmission of genotype gentian violet genus geoboard geode geodesic geodesy geodesy satellites geodetic precession Geographos (minor planet 1620) geography GEOGRAPHY Geo - IK geologic time geology GEOLOGY AND PLANETARY SCIENCE geomagnetic field geomagnetic storm geometric mean geometric sequence geometry GEOMETRY geometry puzzles geophysics GEOS (Geodetic Earth Orbiting Satellite) Geosat geostationary orbit geosynchronous orbit geosynchronous / geostationary transfer orbit (GTO) geosyncline Geotail (satellite) geotropism germ germ cells Germain, Sophie (1776 — 1831) German Rocket Society germanium germination Gesner, Konrad von (1516 — 1565) gestation Get Off the Earth puzzle Gettier problem geyser g - force GFO (Geosat Follow - On) GFZ - 1 (GeoForschungsZentrum) ghost crater Ghost Head Nebula (NGC 2080) ghost image Ghost of Jupiter (NGC 3242) Giacconi, Riccardo (1931 ---RRB- Giacobini - Zinner, Comet (Comet 21P /) Giaever, Ivar (1929 ---RRB- giant branch Giant Magellan Telescope giant molecular cloud giant planet giant star Giant's Causeway Giauque, William Francis (1895 — 1982) gibberellins Gibbs, Josiah Willard (1839 — 1903) Gibbs free energy Gibson, Edward G. (1936 ---RRB- Gilbert, William (1544 — 1603) gilbert (unit) Gilbreath's conjecture gilding gill gill (unit) Gilruth, Robert R. (1913 — 2000) gilsonite gimbal Ginga ginkgo Giotto (ESA Halley probe) GIRD (Gruppa Isutcheniya Reaktivnovo Dvisheniya) girder glacial drift glacial groove glacier gland Glaser, Donald Arthur (1926 — 2013) Glashow, Sheldon (1932 ---RRB- glass GLAST (Gamma - ray Large Area Space Telescope) Glauber, Johann Rudolf (1607 — 1670) glaucoma glauconite Glenn, John Herschel, Jr. (1921 ---RRB- Glenn Research Center Glennan, T (homas) Keith (1905 — 1995) glenoid cavity glia glial cell glider Gliese 229B Gliese 581 Gliese 67 (HD 10307, HIP 7918) Gliese 710 (HD 168442, HIP 89825) Gliese 86 Gliese 876 Gliese Catalogue glioma glissette glitch Global Astrometric Interferometer for Astrophysics (GAIA) Global Oscillation Network Group (GONG) Globalstar globe Globigerina globular cluster globular proteins globule globulin globus pallidus GLOMR (Global Low Orbiting Message Relay) GLONASS (Global Navigation Satellite System) glossopharyngeal nerve Gloster E. 28/39 glottis glow - worm glucagon glucocorticoid glucose glucoside gluon Glushko, Valentin Petrovitch (1908 — 1989) glutamic acid glutamine gluten gluteus maximus glycerol glycine glycogen glycol glycolysis glycoprotein glycosidic bond glycosuria glyoxysome GMS (Geosynchronous Meteorological Satellite) GMT (Greenwich Mean Time) Gnathostomata gneiss Go Go, No - go goblet cell GOCE (Gravity field and steady - state Ocean Circulation Explorer) God Goddard, Robert Hutchings (1882 — 1945) Goddard Institute for Space Studies Goddard Space Flight Center Gödel, Kurt (1906 — 1978) Gödel universe Godwin, Francis (1562 — 1633) GOES (Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite) goethite goiter gold Gold, Thomas (1920 — 2004) Goldbach conjecture golden ratio (phi) Goldin, Daniel Saul (1940 ---RRB- gold - leaf electroscope Goldstone Tracking Facility Golgi, Camillo (1844 — 1926) Golgi apparatus Golomb, Solomon W. (1932 — 2016) golygon GOMS (Geostationary Operational Meteorological Satellite) gonad gonadotrophin - releasing hormone gonadotrophins Gondwanaland Gonets goniatite goniometer gonorrhea Goodricke, John (1764 — 1786) googol Gordian Knot Gordon, Richard Francis, Jr. (1929 — 2017) Gore, John Ellard (1845 — 1910) gorge gorilla Gorizont Gott loop Goudsmit, Samuel Abraham (1902 — 1978) Gould, Benjamin Apthorp (1824 — 1896) Gould, Stephen Jay (1941 — 2002) Gould Belt gout governor GPS (Global Positioning System) Graaf, Regnier de (1641 — 1673) Graafian follicle GRAB graben GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) graceful graph gradient Graham, Ronald (1935 ---RRB- Graham, Thomas (1805 — 1869) Graham's law of diffusion Graham's number GRAIL (Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory) grain (cereal) grain (unit) gram gram - atom Gramme, Zénobe Théophile (1826 — 1901) gramophone Gram's stain Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC) Granat Grand Tour grand unified theory (GUT) Grandfather Paradox Granit, Ragnar Arthur (1900 — 1991) granite granulation granule granulocyte graph graph theory graphene graphite GRAPHS AND GRAPH THEORY graptolite grass grassland gravel graveyard orbit gravimeter gravimetric analysis Gravitational Biology Facility gravitational collapse gravitational constant (G) gravitational instability gravitational lens gravitational life gravitational lock gravitational microlensing GRAVITATIONAL PHYSICS gravitational slingshot effect gravitational waves graviton gravity gravity gradient gravity gradient stabilization Gravity Probe A Gravity Probe B gravity - assist gray (Gy) gray goo gray matter grazing - incidence telescope Great Annihilator Great Attractor great circle Great Comets Great Hercules Cluster (M13, NGC 6205) Great Monad Great Observatories Great Red Spot Great Rift (in Milky Way) Great Rift Valley Great Square of Pegasus Great Wall greater omentum greatest elongation Green, George (1793 — 1841) Green, Nathaniel E. Green, Thomas Hill (1836 — 1882) green algae Green Bank Green Bank conference (1961) Green Bank Telescope green flash greenhouse effect greenhouse gases Green's theorem Greg, Percy (1836 — 1889) Gregorian calendar Grelling's paradox Griffith, George (1857 — 1906) Griffith Observatory Grignard, François Auguste Victor (1871 — 1935) Grignard reagent grike Grimaldi, Francesco Maria (1618 — 1663) Grissom, Virgil (1926 — 1967) grit gritstone Groom Lake Groombridge 34 Groombridge Catalogue gross ground, electrical ground state ground - track group group theory GROUPS AND GROUP THEORY growing season growth growth hormone growth hormone - releasing hormone growth plate Grudge, Project Gruithuisen, Franz von Paula (1774 — 1852) Grus (constellation) Grus Quartet (NGC 7552, NGC 7582, NGC 7590, and NGC 7599) GSLV (Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle) g - suit G - type asteroid Guericke, Otto von (1602 — 1686) guanine Guiana Space Centre guidance, inertial Guide Star Catalog (GSC) guided missile guided missiles, postwar development Guillaume, Charles Édouard (1861 — 1938) Gulf Stream (ocean current) Gulfstream (jet plane) Gullstrand, Allvar (1862 — 1930) gum Gum Nebula gun metal gunpowder Gurwin Gusev Crater gut Gutenberg, Johann (c. 1400 — 1468) Guy, Richard Kenneth (1916 ---RRB- guyot Guzman Prize gymnosperm gynecology gynoecium gypsum gyrocompass gyrofrequency gyropilot gyroscope gyrostabilizer Gyulbudagian's Nebula (HH215)

In this study, 36.8 % of high - genetic risk adoptees living in a dysfunctional family environment were found to have developed a schizophrenia - spectrum disorder, compared to only 5.8 % of those in a healthy family environment.

Reanimation of genes in living cells allows us to discover the function of that prehistoric information in ways that studying genetic code alone can never provide.

In an intriguing study published this week, researchers delved into the genetic makeup of long - lived smokers like Calment and found that their survival may be due to an innate resilience they were born with.

Taking advantage of fly genetics The research will combine the strength of the fly system (animals that are short lived but complex enough to model regenerative activity in vertebrates) with genetic studies in mice to understand the role of mTOR signaling in maintaining the health of adult stem cells in both species.

The new study, published Tuesday in Nature Communications, sequenced the genetic information of 13 individuals who lived on the Great Hungarian Plain during the 5,000 years leading up to the Iron Age.

Although differences in the environments in which people live often are suspected when asthma risks among populations differ, the new findings illustrate the importance of also considering genetic differences among ethnic groups in diagnosing and treating disease, said Esteban Burchard, MD, professor of bioengineering for the UCSF School of Pharmacy and the senior scientist for the study.

They hope to study the genetic changes that occur during the earliest stages of life, which could help improve in vitro fertilization techniques and prevent early miscarriages.

Dr Gilchrist said: «This study suggests that we may improve significantly on the widely used analysis methods for determining gene expression levels from high throughput sequence data: absolute quantitation offers a much sounder basis for determining changes in gene expression level, a measure widely used to determine the consequence of genetic, chemical or physical disturbances in living systems.»

Per the other study led by Prüfer, Kelso and Dannemann could only identify associations between Neanderthal genetic variants and traits of people today, as opposed to determining what these variants actually did in Neanderthals, and how they precisely function now in their distant living relatives.

The lab studies the pathways from sensory input to behavioral output by quantitative analysis of behavior under well - defined conditions, genetic manipulation of animals or individual neuronal cells, and calcium imaging from neurons in living animals.

The new study focused on the genetic profiles of a community of children living in a specific region in Pakistan.

Although the focus is to improve care and help seniors stay in their homes longer, the study will also record the genetic information of participants and could lead to the discovery of common genes in people who live longer.

The foundation supports studies to improve the understanding of Rett Syndrome, a debilitating genetic - neurological disorder that primarily affects girls after their first two years of life.