Sentences with phrase «given cell type»

Years ago, the Kahn lab pioneered techniques to genetically modify given cell types to «knock out» the insulin receptor protein on the cell surface, which activates insulin's actions in the cell, thus creating a state of insulin resistance just in these cells.

While all cells in a specific organism share the identical DNA sequence, only a fraction of those genes are activated in a given cell type.

However, in any given cell type, only a fraction of this information is actually used.

Those switches can be both near and far from the gene they regulate and act in different combinations in different cell types to give each cell type a unique genomic identity.

Only a subset of these loci becomes fragile in a given cell type, and their combination varies from one cell type to the other.

cDNA libraries, which consist of plasmids that over-express coding sequences from a given cell type or organism, have been used in a similar manner to Cas9 activators.

Although nearly all human cell types contain every one of our 20,000 - odd genes, «most are shut off in any given cell type because they are packed up and unable to serve as a template for proteins,» Lewis says.

The epigenome — defined by an ever - expanding list of modifications to DNA and the proteins that interact with it — determines which genes are dialed up or down and gives each cell type its unique personality.