Sentences with phrase «given gene»

The study, published today, confirms that if patients with this disease are given gene therapy early in life, the results can be dramatic.
The switch will turn the gene on in the skin of animals which have been given the gene directly or have received it from a genetically altered parent.
The tomato was given a gene from the fish that encoded a protein inhibiting formation of ice crystals.
Now researchers have found that transgenic mice can acquire the ability to detect new color differences if given a gene for making an additional light - sensing eye protein.
Bishop increased the killing power of viruses that attack caterpillar pests by giving them a gene for scorpion venom.
Mice given gene therapy that boosted production of Metrnl had better glucose tolerance, suggesting an antidiabetic effect, and lost a small amount of weight.
«Without zinc present in sufficient quantities, the JAK - STAT pathway keeps giving the genes the «on» signal, and continues production of this inflammatory protein,» said Knoell.
Players are also given gene altering system that allows for them to combine different genes from specific monsters to help awaken their stats and abilities.
Be sure to give the Gene Autry Oklahoma traffic court or your insurance provider your driving school certificate.
The monkeys were given a gene from a jellyfish and, significantly, it was inherited by their young — the first time a genetically modified animal has passed such genes down a generation.
T - cells can be programmed to recognise these by giving them genes for tailor - made receptors called chimeric antigen receptors (CARs).
As research advances, scientists hope to determine the precise location of a given gene so they can test entire populations to identify carriers of the disease gene.
To quote Ayala and Kiger's textbook, Modern Genetics: «There is no way of knowing whether a given gene will mutate in a particular cell or in a particular generation,» because the mutations «are unoriented with respect to adaptation.»
In 1992, when he was about to leave Woods Hole for another science job, he gave the gene to his colleagues Chalfie and Tsien.
Other molecules, called acetyl groups, were found to play the opposite role, unwinding DNA around the histone spool, and so making it easier for RNA to transcribe a given gene.
(Testing negative for these, however, would not guarantee that she's in the clear, because not every mutation for a given gene is on the list.)
The DNA that makes up genes contains the instructions to synthesise proteins, but it's wrong to think that, for a given gene, these instructions are always the same for all parts of the organisms.
For any given gene, this sequence in fact changes depending on the tissue in which it is located.
Within the multitude of oceanic bacteria alone, he calculated, any given gene is struck by four mutations every 20 minutes.
Under normal circumstances, people whose taste receptor cells make more messenger RNA (mRNA) for a given gene make more of the encoded receptor.
A given gene may perform a different function in breast cancer cells than in healthy cells due to changes in networks of interacting proteins, according to a new study published in PLOS Computational Biology.
And then in conjunction with that realization has been the observation that in response to an environmental stimulus, whether it's learning something or being exposed to high fat, that turning on a gene might involve hundreds of individual proteins binding to a given gene that's being controlled.
Engineering new, benign viruses could render the viruses unrecognizable and increase the number of people for whom a given gene therapy will work.
Roughly 250 published studies about diabetes were conducted using these tainted mice, continues Professor Creemers: «In many of them, researchers were looking to see if a given gene played a role in insulin production.
This is a kind of risk - free molecular evolution: When multiple copies of a given gene are present in a species» genome, chance mutations in some copies can either ruin the proteins they encode or produce innovative versions; either way, the remaining intact copies still produce the original protein.
With thesequences of pathogens, I identify the genes and their expression level; in other words, to study genes, I compare two of them, in this case genes from «Pseudoperonospora cubensis» against «Pseudoperonospora humuli», I see how many sequences there are for a given gene of P. cubensis and how many are there for the same gene P.
Over the next few decades, Hood and the smart people he worked with developed, among other things, a protein sequencer, which tells scientists which amino acids make up a given protein; a peptide synthesizer, which puts those amino acids together to form proteins; and an automated DNA sequencer, which gives scientists the genetic letters that spell out a given gene.
The bioethics commission, chaired by Amy Gutmann, president of the University of Pennsylvania, argues that physicians, researchers, and companies marketing DNA tests need to reframe how they think about all of this: While of course no one knows what will be buried in a given gene sequence, the fact that ancillary findings may be part of it should hardly be a surprise.
By ordering the beads, we determine the DNA sequence for a given gene.
The new scheme replaces the fuse with seven colonies of Escherichia coli bacteria, each given a gene for a different fluorescent protein.
This work «gives us a gene and a pathway to link tolerance and the stress response,» says molecular pharmacologist Leslie Morrow of the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.
When a given gene needs to be transcribed to create new proteins, its promoter region must be unwrapped from the nucleosome so that it can be accessed by the factors involved in initiating the transcription process.
Information obtained from genetic models provides crucial information for a given gene product and helps determine their validity in clinical applications.
Such information will help reveal how all traits are affected by deleting a given gene in an individual mouse.
An important issue for molecular biology is to establish if transcript levels of a given gene can be used as proxies for the corresponding protein levels.
And they found that yeast has suffered from a loss of heterozygosity, in which there are two distinct alleles of a given gene present.
Thus, we can't directly observe expression of only the maternally or paternally inherited allele in a given gene.
Chemical modification of these histones is one way that the cell regulates the packing and unpacking of the DNA and its associated proteins (collectively called chromatin), which in turn helps to determine whether a given gene is activated or repressed.
In any case where an individual was heterozygous at a given gene, the researchers could look for allele - specific expression.
Additionaly, cDNAs can not be used to study in cis regulation and also suffer from an inability to easily deliver the appropriate isoform (s) of a given gene, as, many times, the isoform (s) common to a particular cell type are unknown or not readily available.
If there's no genetic difference between the two parental strains at a given gene, any imprinting will be invisible.
Why would I care whether the gene copy is in the chimp gene pool or the human gene pool if all that matters is how many copies of a given gene survive?
Identification of patients sharing variants in a given gene and having phenotypic features in common leads to greater certainty in the pathogenic nature of the gene and enables to the role of novel genes in development and disease to be defined.
Each neuron has only two copies of a given gene but will have many dendrites that can have more or less RNA in them.
mRNA molecules contain the instructions for making proteins — the number of mRNAs from a given gene is a measure of the level of expression of that gene.
In other words, unless special probes are spiked in, the coverage of a given gene from a company's panel test is probably the same as you'd get from their exome - wide test.
For example, if a given gene in a chimpanzee limited how fast cells can divide, the human HAR might turn that gene down, letting the human cells divide faster, which could allow the cortex to expand.»
It's relatively common for a given gene to dictate a variety of functions from species to species, like the gene that codes for jaw bones in reptiles and also ear bones in humans.
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