With the recent development of transgenic mouse models, which allow labelling and manipulation of specific cell types, more and more emphasis has been placed on the tissue scale: How does the collective behavior of many cells gives rise to the architecture that is characteristic for
given kind of tissue?
Not exact matches
«It doesn't stain a specific molecule
of interest — it
gives you a
kind of overview
of the
tissue structure, so it's really about morphology and shape,» says Kozlowski.
The results help fill in the scientific puzzle kicked off by Dolly's cloning, which proved that mammalian egg cells were capable
of dissolving the genetic roadblocks that limit the potential
of most adult cells to
give rise to only a single type
of tissue — that
of the organ from which they hail — whereas embryonic stem cells have the potential to become virtually any
kind of body
tissue.
Each cell's particular combination
of active and silent genes helps determine what
kind of tissue it will
give rise to — liver, heart, brain, and so on.
In MRI, for example, the pointing angle
of the spin
gives information about where in the body the atom is located, while the amount
of spin (the amplitude) is used to distinguish different
kinds of tissue.
«We kept them healthy, and without
giving them many instructions on what
kind of cells they should become they produced many
of the cells present in the human brain and achieved the formation
of complex
tissue,» says Arlotta, describing the brain organoids she used in research published in Nature in May 2017.
In her project, Sipkins will investigate molecular characteristics
of tissue microenvironments, or «niches,» within the bone marrow and how normal, healthy hematopoietic stem cells, which
give rise to the many
kinds of blood cells, compete with malignant cells to occupy these coveted niches.
It's not just Michael Crichton fiction, once you have
given up DNA, blood, or
tissue samples, you no longer own it and it can be sold and / or used for any
kind of unrelated research which you would never have intended!