Sentences with phrase «glacier mass»

Negative numbers of cumulative mass balance indicate a loss of glacier mass.

With more than twenty years of glaciers from ten different glaciers we have tested a forecasting tool for glacier mass balance.

As the authors put it in their paper, reductions in emissions «will only have very limited influence on on glacier mass change in the twenty - first century».

The annual glacier mass balance record below indicates that the response of annual balance is quite similar for each glacier.

In addition to adding mass to a glacier, precipitation has an indirect effect on glacier mass balance by changing the amount of sunlight the glacier absorbs.

However, as the lower chart shows, total glacier mass continues to decline in all scenarios.

The map at right indicates the location of the glaciers (green circles) where we monitor annual glacier mass balance.

The loss of a substantial fraction of the total glacier mass is likely.

Attribution of global glacier mass loss to anthropogenic and natural causes.

The graph for global glacier mass change shows the estimated annual cumulative balance for a set of global reference glaciers with more than 30 continued observation years for the time - period 1960 - 2017.

The study interval 1984 - 2000 began in a period of negative glacier mass balance, extending that dominated the 1975 - 1994 interval (Pelto, 1996; Krimmel, 1994).

These rules provide us with the capability to better forecast glacier mass balance given PDO and MEI values.

«As a result, the loss of glacier mass worldwide, along with the corresponding release of carbon, will affect high latitude marine ecosystems, particularly those surrounding the major ice sheets that now receive fairly limited land - to - ocean fluxes of carbon.»

Van de Wal and Wild (2001) find that the effect of precipitation changes on calculated global - average glacier mass changes in the 21st century is only 5 % of the temperature effect.

They can block rivers, creating lakes that can later unleash floods, and by depleting glacier mass, they can threaten the flow of meltwater that downstream towns and farms may depend on.

Lie, and S.O. Dahl, 2000: Is the North Atlantic Oscillation reflected in Scandinavian glacier mass balance records?

A highlight of this Canadian Rockies tour is a journey on Icefields Parkway to savor stunning views of alpine meadows, waterfalls, and glacier masses followed by a thrilling ride aboard an Ice Explorer on the Columbia Icefield, the largest expanse of ice in the Canadian Rockies.

Regional and global projections of twenty - first century glacier mass changes in response to climate scenarios from global climate models.

A number of papers have examined the relationship of Pacific Northwest glacier mass balance to atmospheric circulation indices (McCabe and Fountain, 1995; Hodge et al., 1998; Bitz and Battisti, 1999; Pelto and Miller, 2001).

In a world unaffected by climate change, glacier mass stays balanced, meaning the ice that evaporates in the summer is fully replaced by snowfall in the winter.

The Finnish Meteorological Institute has participated in a study that tested an inversion - type method for calculating glacier mass balance for the first time.

Precipitation and accumulation changes also influence glacier mass balance, and may sometimes be dominant (e.g. Raper et al., 1996).

The observed net loss of -0.52 m / a in glacier mass spread over the melt season is equivalent to 2.45 m3 / s in Thunder Basin, which is 10 % of the mean summer streamflow.

Recent activity has resulted in the capability to explicitly simulate glacier mass balance and dynamics, the production of CMIP5 - based hydrologic projections for the Columbia, Fraser and Peace basins as well as several smaller basins on Vancouver Island, and the implementation of water temperature modelling in the Fraser River basin.

This difference is mainly an effect of the balanced glacier mass budget in the Karakoram.

There are still constraints, such as variable retreat rates, poor glacier mass - balance data (32) and a lack of systematic long - term in - situ measurement (11).

Scientists Rebuke Claims Of Human Control Over Glacier Mass Balance «Natural climate variability still emerges as the key deciding element governing the Himalayan glacier mass balances.»

This demonstrates that it is regional climate changes from year to year that control glacier mass balance, not local microclimates.

Why is it that countries of this region that depend so heavily on the water coming from the Himalayas, and several other implications of healthy glacier mass balance, have just not carried out any work in this area.

Marzeion, B. et al. (2018) Limited influence of climate change mitigation on short - term glacier mass loss, Nature Climate Change, doi: 10.1038 / s41558 -018-0093-1

And at the recent Fall Meeting of the American Geophysical Union, Bill Lau of NASA drew attention to another way in which soot can affect glacier mass balance.

Both have been the key to maintaining the extensive annual fieldwork program that is required to measured and report glacier mass balance.

The following data sets are used (Table 1 and Figure 1): 1) Annual glacier mass balance measurements from thirteen North Cascade glaciers (NCGCP on 8; USGS on 1 and NPS on 4).

Bradley, R.S. and England, J., 1978: Influence of volcanic dust on glacier mass balance at high latitudes.

Predicted increases in temperature will drive increased shrinkage of glaciers, leading to initial increases in melt water produced, followed by subsequent declines with reduced glacier mass.