Sentences with phrase «glial cells»

(2007) Activation of Glial Cells in a Latex Bead Rat Model of High Pressure Glaucoma (Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, 48: ARVO E-Abstract 3282).

Until recently it has been difficult to study the role of glial cells in controlling appetite or any other brain function, because scientists haven't developed many techniques for silencing or stimulating these cells, as they have for neurons.

They started by genetically engineering a nonreplicating form of the common cold virus, called adenovirus, to carry the gene for a protein called glial cell line - derived neurotrophic factor, or GDNF.

The researchers report in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA that rats lost interest in alcoholic beverages within 10 minutes of being injected with the protein known as glial cell line — derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF).

In a second test, Chen and his team used a transgenic - mouse model for Alzheimer's disease, and demonstrated that reactive glial cells in the mouse's diseased brain also can be converted into functional neurons.

In summary, we demonstrate similar neurological / motor function deficits as well as glial cell activation in SOD1 and PFN1 mice, both exhibiting clinically - relevant attributes of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), with more advanced computer vision systems identifying distinctive behavioral patterns and discriminating the phenotype at very early disease stages in both models.

The cover image was created using images of neural rosettes derived from human iPSCs with and without a 15q11.2 microdeletion (round circles) and images of radial glial cells in the developing mouse cortex (thin filaments), and it is inspired by July 4th fireworks.

Kozai's lab is currently working with Franca Cambi, professor of neurology at Pitt, on a project to understand the role of another type of glial cell on brain injury and neuronal activity.

Avigen discovered the utility of AV411 through its internal program to develop innovative and targeted approaches to reducing nervous system dysfunction caused by glial cell activation.

Differential expression of interferon - g receptor on human glial cells in vivo and in vitro.

The new drug produced far less tolerance than morphine and did not produce spinal glial cell activation, an inflammatory effect of morphine known to contribute to tolerance.

Regular mice injected with glial cells carrying the mutant huntingtin gene in the study developed symptoms associated with HD.

The number of glial cells produced by each stem cell could vary.

In 2001, researchers at the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Shanghai reported that chronic morphine administration in rats activated glial cells called astrocytes in the spinal cord.

They inserted mutated and normal human FABP7 genes into star - shaped glial cells called astrocytes.

In addition, Berger's team has identified two surface proteins located on the neural stem cells and the surrounding niche glial cells that are responsible for the interactions between these cells.

There are many more glial cells in the brain than neurons, and astrocytes are the most abundant of the glia, so if you take a sample of brain tissue, you're fairly sure to get some astrocytes as part of the bargain.

GFAP, a class - III intermediate filament, is a cell - specific marker that, during the development of the central nervous system, distinguishes astrocytes from other glial cells.

This demonstrates a potentially crucial role for brain glial cells in mediating a fundamental physiological reflex.

Watkins» work with glia, for example, has indicated that long - term opioid therapy may have an effect similar to that of chronic inflammation, causing glial cells to release an excess of cytokines that actually reduce the drug's effectiveness in blocking pain.

New advancements in technology allows researchers like Kozai to detect the subtleties of glial cell activity, and these observations are shedding new light on current issues plaguing implant devices and the treatment of neurological disease.

Although the human cells became glial cells (the brain's scaffolding) and not neurons, the mice unexpectedly became four times as smart as regular mice, as measured by how well they ran mazes and other tests.

Evaluation of the dorsal root ganglia showed inflammation with neurodegeneration, along with significant apoptosis of neuronal and satellite glial cells (which surround sensory neurons), in all infected animals with the exception of those treated with dexamethasone.

However, research published in Nature Biomedical Engineering reveals that it may also be important to target the supportive glial cells surrounding the neurons.

Together, studies in zebrafish and mammalian models could inform new ways to manipulate glial cells after human spinal cord injury.»

When an injury occurs, cells known as glial cells change into repair cells and disseminate into the wound, where they help the skin to regenerate, researchers from the University of Zurich have shown.

He will study how glial cells recognize and digest dead cells from a brain tumor.

It is also relevant here that one would have to take into account not only neurons but also, glial cells since these contribute potentials to the electrical field of the brain.

Pathway analyses implicate glial cells in schizophrenia.

Surprisingly, genes associated with neurons were most conserved across species, while those for the supporting glial cells showed larger differences.

Their findings show that the special glial cells help synapses grow and rearrange, demonstrating the essential role of microglia in brain development.

Our track record shows that NeuroGLIA members are at the forefront of glial cell research, and can thus be reasonably expected to be in a privileged position to formulate hypotheses and design new experiments that will increase our comprehension of the role of astroglia in the brain.

The team used a designer drug technology known as DREADD to selectively turn off targeted glial cells, something that has not been done before, said Grace.

The tumor's cell of origin can be either an immature neural stem cell or a more differentiated glial cell.

Interestingly, this influence appears to work both ways — a mild reduction in disease symptoms was seen when HD mice were treated with normal glial cells.

Progenitors of the central retina are the first to leave the cell cycle and differentiate into the six neuronal and one glial cell class of the mature retina.

Cao (PI for Sub-project 1): Interaction between calcitonin gene - related peptide and CD40 on CNS glial cells in neuropathic pain.

Danbolt NC, Storm - Mathisen J, Kanner BI (1992) An [Na + + K +] coupled L - glutamate transporter purified from rat brain is located in glial cell processes Neuroscience, 51 (2), 295 - 310 PubMed 1465194

of aberrant amyloid and tau in the retina, quantification of any neuronal degeneration, delineation of cellular stress responses of neurons and particularly glial cells, and investigation of oxidative stress.

Surprisingly, healthy glial cells made HD model mice less sick, suggesting these cells are more important that we previously thought.

Functional efficacy was further enhanced when hNPC were genetically engineered to secrete glial cell line - derived neurotrophic factor.

«These findings highlight the need for a deeper understanding of glial cell function after spinal cord injury,» he said.

Neurons release neurotransmitters that are taken up by specific receptors, but many glial cells receive and emit neurotransmitters that float through the brain as free agents.

Within the hundred billion neurons and trillion or so glial cells that hold neurons in place and feed and protect them (glia is Greek for «glue») lie my hopes and fears, my feelings, my memories, even the words now recorded on this page.

In this study, we will examine whether glial cells and certain proteins secreted from these cells influence axon regeneration and guidance in the optic nerve in adult mice.

Although glial cells have been implicated widely in the formation of axon tracts in both insects and vertebrates, their specific function appears to be context - dependent, ranging from providing

Supporting this idea, she found that mirror pain in rats vanished when glial cells were inactivated.