Sentences with phrase «glial cells in the brain»

Small amounts of glycogen are found in the kidneys, and even smaller amounts in certain glial cells in the brain and white blood cells.

Researchers have identified a group of immune system genes that may play a role in how long people can live after developing a common type of brain cancer called glioblastoma multiforme, a tumor of the glial cells in the brain.

«Our finding runs counter to the belief that increasing the reactivity of astrocytes and other glial cells in the brain helps maintain tissue integrity following TBI.

There are many more glial cells in the brain than neurons, and astrocytes are the most abundant of the glia, so if you take a sample of brain tissue, you're fairly sure to get some astrocytes as part of the bargain.

They found that the exposed rats were more likely to develop cancers, specifically malignant gliomas — a tumor of glial cells in the brain — and tumors in the heart.

✓ Increasing the glial cells in your brain, which are responsible for creative thinking and long - term planning.

Information from the journal Neurochemistry International shows that the nutrient is able to protect delicate glial cells in the brain against free radical damage that occurs as a result of low grade bacterial infection common in overweight and obese individuals.

Not exact matches

The study is also the latest in recent years to implicate glial cells in important brain functions.

Until recently it has been difficult to study the role of glial cells in controlling appetite or any other brain function, because scientists haven't developed many techniques for silencing or stimulating these cells, as they have for neurons.

«I was very curious at that point what glial cells would be doing in the hypothalamus, since glial cells have been shown in other brain areas to have an influence on regulation of neuronal function,» she says.

MIT neuroscientists have discovered that brain cells called glial cells play a critical role in controlling appetite and feeding behavior.

There is more and more evidence to point to the importance of glial cells in modulating neuronal function and in mediating brain disorders,» says Guoping Feng, the James W. and Patricia Poitras Professor of Neuroscience.

The virus appears to invade the brain by infecting a type of glial cell called olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs), which nourish smell - sensing neurons and guide them from the olfactory bulb to their targets in the nervous system.

Astrocytes — named for their starlike rays, which reach out in all directions — are the most abundant of all glial cells and therefore the most abundant of all the cells in the brain.

They also applied it to human brain tissue collected by the Genotype - Tissue Expression (GTEx) Project, finding that they could a) identify expression signatures unique to neurons, glial cells, and other cell types in the brain (including rare types), and b) differentiate between closely related cell subtypes.

According to tradition in neuroscience, brain cells fall into two broad groups — neurons and glial cells.

This demonstrates a potentially crucial role for brain glial cells in mediating a fundamental physiological reflex.

Some glial cells congregate near lesions, for instance, and in areas of the brain where learning is going on.

«By combining in vivo multiphoton microscopy and in vivo electrophysiology, our lab is better able to visualize how cells move and change over time in the living brain and explain how changes in these glial cells alter the visually evoked neural network activity,» says Kozai.

The study, «Glial responses to implanted electrodes in the brain,» suggests that these glial cells are more functional than previously thoGlial responses to implanted electrodes in the brain,» suggests that these glial cells are more functional than previously thoglial cells are more functional than previously thought.

«The most obvious function of glial cells has been related to their role in forming scar tissue to prevent the spread of injury and neuronal degeneration, but so much about their role in the brain is unknown.»

Star - shaped astrocytes are the most abundant subgroup of glial cells, which support and insulate neurons in the brain and spinal cord.

Monje first became interested in neurons» role supporting tumors while working on childhood glioma, a cancer that strikes in the precursors to glial cells in the developing brain.

The p38 MAPK is also present in glial cells, which are critical to the brain's health and comprise 90 percent of brain cells.

Neuroscientists have long believed that scar tissue formed by glial cells — the cells that surround neurons in the central nervous system — impedes damaged nerve cells from regrowing after a brain or spinal cord injury.

Astrocytes, one type of glial cells are the supporting cells for survival and function of neurons in the brain by secreting many kinds of neuroprotective molecules.

Chen and his team began by studying how reactive glial cells respond to a specific protein, NeuroD1, which is known to be important in the formation of nerve cells in the hippocampus area of adult brains.

The scientists have used supporting cells of the central nervous system, glial cells, to regenerate healthy and functional neurons, shown in green in this image in the brain of a mouse with Alzheimer's disease.

«There are more reactive glial cells and fewer functional neurons in the injury site,» Chen said, «so we hypothesized that we might be able to convert glial cells in the scar into functional neurons at the site of injury in the brain.

The scientists have used supporting cells of the central nervous system, glial cells, to regenerate healthy, functional neurons, which are critical for transmitting signals in the brain.

A human - specific gene expressed only in glial cells of the brain apparently arose from conversion of the ancestral gene by a nonfunctional pseudogene in a common human chimp ancestor.

In a second test, Chen and his team used a transgenic - mouse model for Alzheimer's disease, and demonstrated that reactive glial cells in the mouse's diseased brain also can be converted into functional neuronIn a second test, Chen and his team used a transgenic - mouse model for Alzheimer's disease, and demonstrated that reactive glial cells in the mouse's diseased brain also can be converted into functional neuronin the mouse's diseased brain also can be converted into functional neurons.

Swathed in green threads, this glial cell may hold clues for brain repair.

When you get the flu, it's glial cells — which make up 85 % of the cells in the brain — that release pro-inflammatory cytokines to fight the virus.

In contrast to mouse vRGs, which produce 10 to 100 daughter cells during brain development, a single human oRG can produce thousands of daughter neurons, as well as glial cells — non-neuronal brain cells increasingly recognized as being responsible for a broad array of maintenance functions in the braiIn contrast to mouse vRGs, which produce 10 to 100 daughter cells during brain development, a single human oRG can produce thousands of daughter neurons, as well as glial cells — non-neuronal brain cells increasingly recognized as being responsible for a broad array of maintenance functions in the braiin the brain.

Specialized membrane domains for water transport in glial cells: high - resolution immunogold cytochemistry of aquaporin - 4 in rat brain.

Contrary to mainstream research, our experimental approach steadily provided data that, with time, lead to a diffused awakening of the scientific community: glial cells can potentially play an enormous role in the pathophysiology of the brain.

An [Na + + K +] coupled L - glutamate transporter purified from rat brain is located in glial cell processes

Our track record shows that NeuroGLIA members are at the forefront of glial cell research, and can thus be reasonably expected to be in a privileged position to formulate hypotheses and design new experiments that will increase our comprehension of the role of astroglia in the brain.

Danbolt NC, Storm - Mathisen J, Kanner BI (1992) An [Na + + K +] coupled L - glutamate transporter purified from rat brain is located in glial cell processes Neuroscience, 51 (2), 295 - 310 PubMed 1465194

Their findings show that the special glial cells help synapses grow and rearrange, demonstrating the essential role of microglia in brain development.

LA JOLLA, CA — Scientists have long believed that glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most aggressive type of primary brain tumor, begins in glial cells that make up supportive tissue in the brain...

By determining how changes in gene expression affect the fate of glial cells in mice, we hope to understand the key factors that govern neural cell regeneration in the human brain.

In the healthy brain, stem cell - like glial progenitors can divide, migrate to an injured site, and become mature oligodendrocytes after myelin loss, but, unfortunately, the efficiency of remyelination declines with age.

The search for true numbers of neurons and glial cells in the human brain: A review of 150 years of cell counting.

Gliomas, which originate in glial cells that support and protect neurons, account for about 70 % of brain cancers.

Glial cell line - derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) was selected based on clear evidence that it increases neuronal sprouting, prevents cell death [20], [21] and has neuroprotective effects in the brain [11], [22]--[24], spinal cord [12] and retina [25]--[30], and because receptors for GDNF are expressed within mature retina [26], [31]--[34].

Evolution of the mammalian brain, in part, has been enabled by a class of glial cells, oligodendrocytes, which provide the myelin.

Specialized glial cells - called «microglia» - serve as a resident immune system cells in the brain, activating in response to damage.

The second big surprise was that the support cells, so called glial cells, these are the cells that surround ganglion cells from their — where their cell body is in the eye all the way back to the brain.