for any conceivable application of
a global atmospheric model, say for weather forecasting or climate sensitivity experiments, the issues you raise are irrelevant.
In general, the pattern of change in return values for 20 - year extreme temperature events from an equilibrium simulation for doubled CO2 with
a global atmospheric model coupled to a non-dynamic slab ocean shows moderate increases over oceans and larger increases over land masses (Zwiers and Kharin, 1998; Figure 9.29).
In a paper on the Energy & Environmental Science web site (17/7/12), meteorologist John Ten Hoeve and environmental engineer Mark Jacobson, both at Stanford University in California have calculated that, based on estimates of the radioactive nuclides released at Fukuhima, a three - dimensional
global atmospheric model for radioactive fallout patterns and the linear no - threshold (LNT) model for resultant cancers, there would be between 15 and 1100 linked cancer deaths, with their best estimate being 130 deaths.
Murakami, H., and B. Wang, 2010: Future change of North Atlantic tropical cyclone tracks: Projection by a 20 - km - mesh
global atmospheric model.
Although I was unable to demostrate the effect of this modification in the single column model, after returning from Korea I implemented this same scheme in
a global atmospheric model and produced some interesting results.
Results: Researchers at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory — in collaboration with NERSC, Argonne National Laboratory, and Cray — recently achieved an effective aggregate IO bandwidth of 5 Gigabytes / sec for writing output from
a global atmospheric model to shared files on DOE's «Franklin,» a 39,000 - processor Cray XT4 supercomputer located at NERSC.
The results from the experiments were incorporated into
a global atmospheric model to assess the impact of ELVOC on the particle formation and growth in the atmosphere.
Wang, B., et al., 2004: Design of a new dynamical core for
global atmospheric models based on some efficient numerical methods.
Anthropogenic fugitive, combustion and industrial dust is a significant, underrepresented fine particulate matter source in
global atmospheric models.
This result suggests that current projections of regional climate change may be questionable.This finding is also highly relevant to regional climate modelling studies where lower resolution
global atmospheric models are often used as the driving model for high resolution regional models.
Now that it is possible to simulate the Madden Julian Oscillation (MJO) signal explicitly in
global atmospheric models, hypotheses about what controls observed relationships between sea surface temperatures (SSTs) and the MJO can be explored.
(In comparison, horizontal resolutions in most of
the global atmospheric models referenced in the IPCC's 4th assessment are of the order of 100 - 300 km).
To help introduce myself, I'm starting with a post on a topic that I've been working on recently: the simulation of tropical cyclones in
global atmospheric models.
«For example, the best
global atmospheric models driven by specified sea surface temperatures can do a good job of simulating global temperature, winds and water vapor distributions.
The most commonly used method for representing lightning in
global atmospheric models generally predicts lightning increases in a warmer world.
The representation of cloud processes in
global atmospheric models has been recognized for decades as the source of much of the uncertainty surrounding predictions of climate variability.
The current generation of
global atmospheric models in use for climate studies around the world do some things remarkably well, as I've tried to argue in several earlier posts.
Morcrette, R. Pincus, et al. (July 2008): The Monte Carlo Independent Column Approximation: an assessment using several
global atmospheric models.
The Carnegie team will use
global atmospheric models, partly enabled by the Carnegie Institution's new high - performance computing cluster, to simulate how short - lived pollutants from different sectors and different countries get transported through the atmosphere and the distribution and strength of their climate and air quality effects.
Our 2015 study examines the impact of 21st - century projected climate changes (CMIP5, RCP4.5 scenario) on a number of tropical cyclone metrics, using the GFDL hurricane model to downscale storms in all basins from one of the lower resolution
global atmospheric models mentioned above.
The development and application of scenarios from high - resolution regional climate models and
global atmospheric models (time - slices) since the TAR confirms that improved resolution allows a more realistic representation of the response of climate to fine - scale topographic features (e.g., lakes, mountains, coastlines).
Not exact matches
The study concludes that incorporating this new insight into soil
models will improve our understanding of how soils influence
atmospheric carbon dioxide levels and
global climate.
KATHARINE HAYHOE is an
atmospheric scientist at Texas Tech University, where she studies climate
modeling and the regional impacts of
global warming.
They used this data compilation to evaluate the quality of their regional
atmospheric climate
model, based on
global climate projections that included several scenarios of anticipated climate change.
And by carefully measuring and
modeling the resulting changes in
atmospheric composition, scientists could improve their estimate of how sensitive Earth's climate is to CO2, said lead author Joyce Penner, a professor of
atmospheric science at the University of Michigan whose work focuses on improving
global climate
models and their ability to
model the interplay between clouds and aerosol particles.
«Which of those is correct at this stage is unknown, but the droughts being driven by
atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations is in line with some of these
global circulation
models,» Lewis said.
«Advances in
global climate
models and high quality ocean,
atmospheric and land observations are helping us push the frontiers of snowpack prediction.»
After confirming that oxidized organics are involved in the formation and growth of particles under
atmospheric conditions, the scientists incorporated their findings into a
global particle formation
model.
The researchers looked at a total of 34 different
global climate
model outputs, encompassing different degrees of
atmospheric sensitivity to greenhouse gases and different levels of human emissions of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.
Their findings, based on output from four
global climate
models of varying ocean and
atmospheric resolution, indicate that ocean temperature in the U.S. Northeast Shelf is projected to warm twice as fast as previously projected and almost three times faster than the
global average.
The
global climate
models assessed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), which are used to project
global and regional climate change, are coarse resolution
models based on a roughly 100 - kilometer or 62 - mile grid, to simulate ocean and
atmospheric dynamics.
Effect of increased concentrations of
atmospheric carbon dioxide on the
global threat of zinc deficiency: a
modelling study.
Consequently the
global climate in these
models becomes less sensitive in its response to
atmospheric carbon dioxide.
Climate
models show the absence of a
global atmospheric circulation pattern which bolsters high ocean temperatures key to coral bleaching
Columbia University physicist Peter Eisenberger created an effective
model that proves, through real world testing, that carbon sequestration can be used on a
global scale and can prevent the
atmospheric levels of carbon dioxide from ever exceeding 450 ppm, below dangerous levels.
They used the Community Earth System
Model, funded primarily by the Department of Energy and NSF, to simulate
global climate as well as
atmospheric chemistry conditions.
To simulate the interplay of
global climate with regional pollution conditions, the scientists turned to two of the world's leading
atmospheric models, both based at NCAR and developed through broad collaborations with the
atmospheric science community.
An international group of
atmospheric chemists and physicist could now have solved another piece in the climate puzzle by means of laboratory experiments and
global model simulations.
They were Jorge Sarmiento, an oceanographer at Princeton University who constructs ocean - circulation
models that calculate how much
atmospheric carbon dioxide eventually goes into the world's oceans; Eileen Claussen, executive director of the Pew Center for
Global Climate Change in Washington, D.C.; and David Keith, a physicist with the University of Calgary in Alberta who designs technological solutions to the global warming pr
Global Climate Change in Washington, D.C.; and David Keith, a physicist with the University of Calgary in Alberta who designs technological solutions to the
global warming pr
global warming problem.
The
model is supported by observations from satellites, ground - based networks that measure ozone - depleting chemicals in the real world, and by observations from two decades of NASA aircraft field campaigns, including the most recent Airborne Tropical Tropopause Experiment (ATTREX) in 2013 and the
Atmospheric Tomography (ATom)
global atmospheric survey, which has made three deployments since 2016.
Model simulations of 20th century
global warming typically use actual observed amounts of
atmospheric carbon dioxide, together with other human (for example chloroflorocarbons or CFCs) and natural (solar brightness variations, volcanic eruptions,...) climate - forcing factors.
I understand that
global surface temperatures are not responding as rapidly as they should be when the
atmospheric models are considered.
Sally, who was nominated by Dr. Beat Schmid, Associate Director,
Atmospheric Sciences and
Global Change Division, was honored for her exceptional contribution in the field of
atmospheric science, particularly in her efforts to improve understanding of the radiative effect of clouds and aerosols on the Earth's atmosphere and their representation in climate
models.
The Hadley Centre has calculated the massive increase in
atmospheric CO2 levels if the Amazon was to die back as a result of
global warming (climate
models differ on how likely this is, I understand).
Methods: Researchers Drs. Samson M. Hagos and L. Ruby Leung,
atmospheric scientists at PNNL, surveyed tropical divergence in three
global climate
models, three
global reanalyses (
models corrected with observational data), and four sets of field campaign soundings.
Because small - scale climate features, such as clouds and
atmospheric aerosol particles, have a large impact on
global climate, it's important to improve the methods used to represent those climate features in the
models.
They looked at precipitation and
atmospheric circulation among other factors before determining that the
model was accurately portraying regional climate and informing
global climate calculations.
Scientists at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory showed that
global climate
models are not accurately depicting the true depth and strength of tropical clouds that have a strong hold on the general circulation of
atmospheric heat and the
global water balance.
To derive the climate projections for this assessment, we employed 20 general circulation
models to consider two scenarios of
global carbon emissions: one where
atmospheric greenhouse gases are stabilized by the end of the century and the other where it grows on its current path (the stabilization [RCP4.5] and business - as - usual [RCP8.5] emission scenarios, respectively).
The real «equilibrium climate sensitivity,» which is the amount of
global warming to be expected for a doubling of
atmospheric CO2, is likely to be about 1 °C, some three times smaller than most
models assumed.