Sentences with phrase «global effect model»
Perhaps the greatest attraction and chief benefit of intratumoral therapies is their ability to synergize with systemic checkpoint therapies and accelerate the development of a lymphoid infiltrate and perhaps secondary lymphoid structures in vivo, which in turn can result in systemic mobilization of a T - cell response: the local injection — global effect model.
http://www.cancernetwork.com/ Not exact matches
During my hiatus, I spoke with Rick Santelli (click on the image below) to discuss some of the new issues presenting investment opportunities, in addition to concerns surrounding potential negative fallout from ill - conceived models, such as the effect of the border adjustment tax on the global financial system.
The negative effect of the National Council of Churches needs to be understood in relation to the history of the NCC itself, especially the extent to which it was modeled after the United Nations and was prompted by an interest in global religious concerns.
«But if, as global circulation models suggest, drying continues, our results provide evidence that this could degrade the Amazonian forest canopies, which would have cascading effects on global carbon and climate dynamics.»
«The broader idea is that we must understand and include the effects of forest loss when modeling global climate and trying to predict how climate will change in the future,» said Swann.
Global climate models need to account for what Meehl calls «slowly varying systems» — how warmer air gradually heats the ocean, for example, and what effect this warming ocean then has on the air.
The model explicitly accounts for the effects of temperature and soil moisture changes (positive and negative) on global and regional wheat production fluctuations.
The resulting outburst of methane produced effects similar to those predicted by current models of global climate change: a sudden, extreme rise in temperatures, combined with acidification of the oceans.
To find out why, Huber ran a computer model to examine the effect of global darkness on the deep ocean.
In addition to forecasting the weather, the authors hope that these insights will lead to improved models for global warming, ozone depletion and the effects of volcanic eruptions.
Professor Friedlingstein, who is an expert in global carbon cycle studies added: «Current land carbon cycle models do not show this increase over the last 50 years, perhaps because these models underestimate emerging drought effects on tropical ecosystems.»
So it is not surprising that while the inure than a dozen major global climate models in use around the world tend to agree on the broadest phenomena, they differ wildly when it comes to regional effects.
Other studies have resorted to modeling to understand the effects of contrails, which have shown that they can have an appreciable impact on global climate, despite their transient nature.
Complex as they may be, the activities and effects of consumers should be incorporated into global vegetation models in order to accurately predict the likely consequences of global change.
«By prescribing the effects of human - made climate change and observed global ocean temperatures, our model can reproduce the observed shifts in weather patterns and wildfire occurrences.»
Since trends in convective rainfall are not easily detected in daily rainfall records, or well - simulated by global or regional climate models, the researchers created a new tool to assess the effects of climate change on rainfall patterns and trends in dryland areas.
The researchers plugged this information into a computer model to find out the effect on the climate of increasing tree cover and diminishing grassland and found that it led to a global temperature increase of about 0.1 °C (Geophysical Research Letters, DOI: 10.1029 / 2010gl043985).
Effect of increased concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide on the global threat of zinc deficiency: a modelling study.
In this latest study, the team of researchers applied empirical and process - based models, to analyze local areas, as well as the global surface, and the effect of temperature and water availability variations on carbon exchange between the atmosphere and the terrestrial biosphere.
Kröpelin says that the new findings will help climatologists fine - tune their computer models — which he says were wrong about what happened to the Sahara — to more accurately predict the effect of global warming.
Past calculations of the cooling effect of aerosols have been inferred from «missing» global warming predicted by climate models.
The data has been massaged to make them fit the models, but then the new figure are completely incompatible with the effects of aerosols which it is purported are causing global dimming.
The major carbon producers data can be applied to climate models to derive the carbon input's effect on climate change impacts including global average temperature, sea level rise, and extreme events such as heat waves.
Axel Timmermann and Tobias Friedrich constructed a numerical model that quantifies the effects of past climate and sea - level change on global human migration patterns over the past 125,000 years.
«Global and regional health effects of future food production under climate change: a modelling study» by Marco Springmann et al. published in The Lancet on Wednesday 2 March.
Understanding how well climate models represent these processes will help reduce uncertainties in the model projections of the effects of global warming on the world's water cycle.
Sally, who was nominated by Dr. Beat Schmid, Associate Director, Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, was honored for her exceptional contribution in the field of atmospheric science, particularly in her efforts to improve understanding of the radiative effect of clouds and aerosols on the Earth's atmosphere and their representation in climate models.
These results confirm the need to use global high resolution models to study the aerosol indirect effects.
«By improving how we simulate the biological pump in the ocean, we both improve the model and reveal this unexpected resilience, whereby global - scale changes to the physical properties of the ocean have a smaller effect on the biological pump.
The resulting model would therefore minimize the effect AGHG emissions on future global temperatures and the need to limit these emissions.
development of two - way coupling between WRF and CCSM to represent the upscaled effects of climate hot spots such as the Maritime Continent, the subtropical eastern boundary regime, and the monsoon regions where global climate models fail to simulate the complex processes due to feedback and scale interactions.
Broecker's articulation of likely effects of freshwater outbursts in the North Atlantic on ocean circulation and global climate (Broecker, 1990; Broecker et al., 1990) spurred quantitative studies with idealized ocean models (Stocker and Wright, 1991) and global atmosphere — ocean models (Manabe and Stouffer, 1995; Rahmstorf 1995, 1996).
Ricke and Caldeira sought to correct that by combining the results from two large modeling studies one about the way carbon emissions interact with the global carbon cycle and one about the effect of carbon on the Earth's climate used by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.
To contribute to an understanding of the underlying causes of these changes we compile various environmental records (and model - based interpretations of some of them) in order to calculate the direct effect of various processes on Earth's radiative budget and, thus, on global annual mean surface temperature over the last 800,000 years.
The advantage of these global, dynamical models is the ability to assess the effects of SPI on both the planet and host star, in a self - consistent way.
To determine effects of both natural climate forcings and the human contribution, the researchers examined global climate model runs from the latest set of models, known as CMIP5, produced for the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report.
Spatial distributions and seasonal cycles of aerosol climate effects in India seen in a global climate - aerosol model.
The ocean's thermal inertia, which delays some global warming for decades and even centuries, is accounted for in global climate models and its effect is confirmed via measurements of Earth's energy balance (see next section).
While I have grave concerns about soil integrity and global food transport compromising the nutrient density of our foods, I also believe in quantum healing — tapping into the energy field to source an effect that is inexplicable through an A+B = C model.
The effects of these restoration efforts can be felt in communities around the Earth, and our innovative approach is a model with global scalability.
Meyers: Our goals include providing a media venue where people from all walks of life can have their voices heard in a safe, commercial - free, child - friendly environment; promoting positive role models; empowering young people to realize their own potential to effect positive change in the world; bridging the digital divide and continuing to enrich this digital media archive with inspiring stories from around the globe; enlisting support from foundations, grants, and government agencies, corporations, and individuals so that this global learning project can continue to grow and provide a freely - accessible, online multi-media resource to educators and students around the world for decades to come.
I suspect it will be very important when it comes to improving regional climate models and improving the extrapolation of global effects to the local level.
For instance, this allows us to compare the global effects of very different forcings in a consistent manner, without having to run the model to equilibirum every time.
Ironically, Australia's Garnaut Report does accept there is a CO2 biospheric Uptake and that reforestation etc would absorb CO2, but in his modelling abstracts from this effect, which last year accounted for 5.78 GtC of the 10 GtC of global emissions.
In the original article Angela did write: «This effect, called the permafrost carbon feedback, is not present in the global climate change models used to estimate how warm the earth could get over the next century.»
When modelling the effect on global temperature, they are using the equivilant of 3.18 deg C equilibriom sensitivity which is par for the course.
For global warming scenarios, additional forcing comes into play: surface warming and enhanced high - latitude precipitation, which will also reduce density of northern surface waters (an effect which alone has shut down deep water formation in some model experiments, e.g. Manabe and Stouffer 1993, 1994).
This effect, called the permafrost carbon feedback, is not present in the global climate change models used to estimate how warm the earth could get over the next century.
In order to understand the potential importance of the effect, let's look at what it could do to our understanding of climate: 1) It will have zero effect on the global climate models, because a) the constraints on these models are derived from other sources b) the effect is known and there are methods for dealing the errors they introduce c) the effect they introduce is local, not global, so they can not be responsible for the signal / trend we see, but would at most introduce noise into that signal 2) It will not alter the conclusion that the climate is changing or even the degree to which it is changing because of c) above and because that conclusion is supported by multiple additional lines of evidence, all of which are consistent with the trends shown in the land stations.
The model is analogue to: Increase in global average atmospheric temperature (K) = Effect from CO2 (K / ppm CO2) * Increase in CO2 level (ppm CO2)