As discussed in the appendix, even in periods with overall good coverage in the observing system, large regions in Southern Hemisphere (SH) are not well sampled, and their contribution to
global heat content variability is less certain.
Not exact matches
However, the large - scale nature of
heat content variability, the similarity of the Levitus et al. (2005a) and the Ishii et al. (2006) analyses and new results showing a decrease in the
global heat content in a period with much better data coverage (Lyman et al., 2006), gives confidence that there is substantial inter-decadal
variability in
global ocean
heat content.
Observed changes in ocean
heat content have now been shown to be inconsistent with simulated natural climate
variability, but consistent with a combination of natural and anthropogenic influences both on a
global scale, and in individual ocean basins.
For a long time now climatologists have been tracking the
global average air temperature as a measure of planetary climate
variability and trends, even though this metric reflects just a tiny fraction of Earth's net energy or
heat content.
However, it's easy to assess the error in the
global mean ocean
heat content based on the measurement error and spatial
variability, and that is done in the Willis et al paper.
The demonstrated ability of GRACE to measure interannual OBP
variability on a
global scale is unprecedented and has important implications for assessing deep ocean
heat content and ocean dynamics.
But it does indeed add up to centennial
variability in floods and drought and in
global ocean and atmospheric
heat content.
In the present study, satellite altimetric height and historically available in situ temperature data were combined using the method developed by Willis et al. [2003], to produce
global estimates of upper ocean
heat content, thermosteric expansion, and temperature
variability over the 10.5 - year period from the beginning of 1993 through mid-2003...
Is there a mechanism where internal
variability could change the
global temperature and the
global heat content.
The study says the
global ocean
heat content record robustly represents the signature of
global warming, and is affected less by weather - related «noise» and climate
variability such as El Niño and La Niña events.
OHC: • Different
global estimates of sub-surface ocean temperatures have variations at different times and for different periods, suggesting that sub-decadal
variability in the temperature and upper
heat content (0 to to 700 m) is still poorly characterized in the historical record.
Global hydrographic
variability patterns during 2003 — 2008 (Schuckmann 2009) analyses ocean temperature measurements by the Argo network, constructing a map of ocean
heat content down to 2000 metres (H / T to Chris for bringing it to my attention).