Sentences with phrase «global land surface climate»

Menon's previous study, based on a global land surface climate model and published last year in Environmental Research Letters, concluded that deploying cool roofs and pavements in cities around the world could offset 57 gigatons of carbon dioxide emissions.

Better characterization of the physical processes (including feedbacks) in the present coupled - global land surface climate models will certainly prove beneficial in stipulating future - projection scenarios and outcome.

Not exact matches

«However, it is the bringing together of observations by ecologists, theory from biologists, physics from land surface modellers and climate science in the global modeling, that is revolutionary.»

This led to small errors in the reported land surface temperatures in the October, November, December and Annual U.S. and global climate reports.

«The reason for the layering is that global warming in parts of Antarctica is causing land - based ice to melt, adding massive amounts of freshwater to the ocean surface,» said ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate System Science researcher Prof Matthew England an author of the paper.

In Stage 4, these aerosol models are validated and coupled to global climate models, which also incorporate models of the land surface, ocean, and sea ice.

They are the most advanced tools currently available for simulating the response of the global climate system — including processes in the atmosphere, ocean, cryosphere, and land surface — to increasing greenhouse gas concentrations.

Hagemann, S., 2002: An Improved Land Surface Parameter Dataset for Global and Regional Climate Models.

Overall, ecosystem - driven changes in chemistry induced climate feedbacks that increased global mean annual land surface temperatures by 1.4 and 2.7 K for the 2 × and 4 × CO2 Eocene simulations, respectively, and 2.2 K for the Cretaceous (Fig. 3 E and F).

Unprecedented amounts of greenhouse gases (at least over the last few hundred thousand years) continue to accumulate in the atmosphere and the global climate (land surface, ocean, glaciers, stratosphere) continues to respond as predicted by theory and models.

«GCM — General Circulation Model (sometimes Global Climate Model) which includes the physics of the atmosphere and often the ocean, sea ice and land surface as well.»

-- Pete Wetzel, Ph. D., Research Meteorologist at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, specializing in parameterizing the interactions between the land surface and the atmosphere for Global Climate, Regional Mesoscale, and local Cloud - resolving numerical weather prediction models.

The Chair of Land - Climate interactions investigates the role of land surface processes in the climate system using global (COSMOS) and regional (COSMO - CLM) climate models, land surface models (CLM, TerraLM), diagnostic estimates, ground and satellite observations, and field measuremeLand - Climate interactions investigates the role of land surface processes in the climate system using global (COSMOS) and regional (COSMO - CLM) climate models, land surface models (CLM, TerraLM), diagnostic estimates, ground and satellite observations, and field measurClimate interactions investigates the role of land surface processes in the climate system using global (COSMOS) and regional (COSMO - CLM) climate models, land surface models (CLM, TerraLM), diagnostic estimates, ground and satellite observations, and field measuremeland surface processes in the climate system using global (COSMOS) and regional (COSMO - CLM) climate models, land surface models (CLM, TerraLM), diagnostic estimates, ground and satellite observations, and field measurclimate system using global (COSMOS) and regional (COSMO - CLM) climate models, land surface models (CLM, TerraLM), diagnostic estimates, ground and satellite observations, and field measurclimate models, land surface models (CLM, TerraLM), diagnostic estimates, ground and satellite observations, and field measuremeland surface models (CLM, TerraLM), diagnostic estimates, ground and satellite observations, and field measurements.

Coverage includes original paleoclimatic, diagnostic, analytical and numerical modeling research on the structure and behavior of the atmosphere, oceans, cryosphere, biomass and land surface as interacting components of the dynamics of global climate.

The challenge will be settled using the NASA GISS mean global land surface temperatures for the conventional climate averaging period (defined by the World Meteorological Organization as 30 years) ending on December 31, 2016.

The global record for these only goes back to 1850, in particular the result of subtracting HadSST2 (Hadley sea surface temperature) from CRUTEM3 (Climate Research Unit land temperature).

The temperature that climate scientists typically reference and care about with regard to climate change is «the average global temperature across land and ocean surface areas».

I'm inclined to think that Ocean Heat Content, trends in land ice and Sea levels are more appropriate indicators of global climate change than surface air temperatures, but that's another issue.

«Feedback land surface with atmosphere at global scales», In: Land use, climate and biogeochemical cycles: Feedbacks and options for emission reduction, H. Dolman (land surface with atmosphere at global scales», In: Land use, climate and biogeochemical cycles: Feedbacks and options for emission reduction, H. Dolman (Land use, climate and biogeochemical cycles: Feedbacks and options for emission reduction, H. Dolman (Ed.)

It is instructive to compare these numbers with those characteristic of a set of the years during 1979 — 2012 with no or only one major regional extreme event (in terms of land surface temperature and land precipitation anomalies) in the NH midlatitudes, from late April / early May to late September / early October, as reported yearly since 1993 in the World Meteorological Organization statements on the status of the global climate (see also ref.

Rohde, R. et al: «A new estimate of the average earth surface land temperature spanning 1753 to 2011», Manuscript: text presented at the 3rd Santa Fe conference on global and regional climate temperature change, 2011

A component of the NASA Earth Exchange, OpenNEX provides users a large collection of climate and Earth science satellite data sets, including global land surface images, vegetation conditions, climate observations and climate projections.

However, it is clear that complete assessment of the role of the future terrestrial surface in the global climate system requires a sophisticated consideration of both natural and managed lands, and so all GVMs aimed at future predictions need to incorporate parameterizations of anthropogenically altered landscapes.

«Causes of differences in model and satellite tropospheric warming rates» «Comparing tropospheric warming in climate models and satellite data» «Robust comparison of climate models with observations using blended land air and ocean sea surface temperatures» «Coverage bias in the HadCRUT4 temperature series and its impact on recent temperature trends» «Reconciling warming trends» «Natural variability, radiative forcing and climate response in the recent hiatus reconciled» «Reconciling controversies about the «global warming hiatus»»

After earning his Ph.D. in Atmospheric Science from Colorado State University in 1991, Tom primarily engaged in creating NCDC's global land surface data set used to quantify long - term global climate change.

Fully coupled global climate model experiments are performed using the Community Climate System Model version 4.0 (CCSM4) for preindustrial, present, and future climate to study the effects of realistic land surface initializations on subseasonal to seasonal climate forclimate model experiments are performed using the Community Climate System Model version 4.0 (CCSM4) for preindustrial, present, and future climate to study the effects of realistic land surface initializations on subseasonal to seasonal climate forClimate System Model version 4.0 (CCSM4) for preindustrial, present, and future climate to study the effects of realistic land surface initializations on subseasonal to seasonal climate forclimate to study the effects of realistic land surface initializations on subseasonal to seasonal climate forclimate forecasts.

References: Smith, T. M., and R. W. Reynolds (2005), A global merged land air and sea surface temperature reconstruction based on historical observations (1880 - 1997), J. Climate, 18, 2021 - 2036.

Based on land - surface temperatures, Africa does not appear to be affected by the «unprecedented» global warming due to the «unprecedented» global CO2 levels, which represents a catastrophic prediction failure by the IPPC and its climate models.

The NASA scientists ran climate models using just one forcing at a time — changes in greenhouse gases, aerosol pollution, land use changes, etc. — to see how efficient each is at changing the global surface temperature.

And Chris Fogwill, senior research associate at the Climate Change Research Centre at the University of New South Wales, Australia, who led the study, says: «The reason for the layering is that global warming in parts of Antarctica is causing land - based ice to melt, adding massive amounts of cool freshwater to the ocean surface.

Constraining the response of the hydrological cycle, land surface and regional weather to global climate change.

It is not known to what extent these differences in land - surface response translate into differences in global climate sensitivity (see Chapter 8, Section 8.5.4.3) although the uncertainty associated with the land - surface response must be smaller than the uncertainty associated with clouds (Lofgren, 1995).

Empirical data and climate models also concur that surface temperature change is amplified over land areas, which tends to make temperature change at the site of deep water an underestimate of the global temperature.

Vegetation cover changes caused by land use can alter regional and global climate through both biogeochemical (emissions of greenhouse gases and aerosols) and biogeophysical (albedo, evapotranspiration, and surface roughness) feedbacks with the atmosphere, with reverse effects following land abandonment, reforestation, and other vegetation recoveries (107).

There are three main global land / ocean surface temperature series, produced by NOAA's National Climate Data Center (NCDC), NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISTemp), and the UK's Hadley Center (HadCRUT).

Other potential causes of climate change include the depletion of stratospheric ozone in recent decades, again through human activities, and global changes in the surface reflectivity — or albedo — of the planet, as we modify the patterns of vegetation that cover the land.

Cartoon comparing (a) Fi, instantaneous forcing, (b) Fa, adjusted forcing, which allows stratospheric temperature to adjust, (c) Fg, fixed Tg forcing, which allows atmospheric temperature to adjust, (d) Fs, fixed SST forcing, which allows atmospheric temperature and land temperature to adjust, and (e) DTs, global surface air temperature calculated by the climate model in response to the climate forcing agent.»

These datasets include: NOAA Climate Data Record (CDR) of Sea Surface Temperature - WHOI, Version 1.0 U.S. Monthly Extremes Global Historical Climatology Network — Monthly (GHCN - M) Version 3 African Easterly Wave Climatology Version 1 NOAA Climate Data Record (CDR) of Daily Outgoing Longwave Radiation (OLR), Version 1.2 NOAA Climate Data Record (CDR) of Monthly Outgoing Longwave Radiation (OLR), Version 2.2 - 1 Global Surface Summary of the Day — GSOD Monthly Summaries of the Global Historical Climatology Network — Daily (GHCN - D) I nternational Surface Temperature Initiative (ISTI) Global Land Surface Temperature Databank — Stage 1 Monthly International Surface Temperature Initiative (ISTI) Global Land Surface Temperature Databank — Stage 2 Monthly International Surface Temperature Initiative (ISTI) Global Land Surface Temperature Databank — Stage 3 Monthly International Surface Temperature Initiative (ISTI) Global Land Surface Temperature Databank — Stage 1 Daily... Continued

The Chase research group focuses on modeling and observational studies of the effects of the land surface and changing landcover (for example, deforestation, desertification, and irrigation) and their effects on regional and global climate.

If we also take into account the surface water on the land areas as well, our figure for global climate sensitivity to CO2 will be reduced yet further.