«The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) said
global land surface temperatures in January and April were likely the warmest since records began in 1880, at more than 1 degree Celsius higher than average for those months.
«The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) said
global land surface temperatures in January and April were likely the warmest since records began in 1880, at more than 1 degree Celsius higher than average for those months.
Not exact matches
The Tibetan Plateau
in China experiences the strongest monsoon system on Earth, with powerful winds — and accompanying intense rains
in the summer months — caused by a complex system of
global air circulation patterns and differences
in surface temperatures between
land and oceans.
The satellite - based record of
land surface maximum
temperatures, scientists have found, provides a sensitive
global thermometer that links bulk shifts
in maximum
temperatures with ecosystem change and human well - being.
It was the discovery of a consistent year - to - year profile that allowed the researchers to move beyond a previous analysis,
in which they identified the hottest spots on Earth, to the development of a new
global - change indicator that uses the entire planet's maximum
land surface temperatures.
This led to small errors
in the reported
land surface temperatures in the October, November, December and Annual U.S. and
global climate reports.
The average
global sea
surface temperature tied with 2010 as the second highest for January — August
in the 135 - year period of record, behind 1998, while the average
land surface temperature was the fifth highest.
A group called the International
Surface Temperature Initiative is dedicated to making global land temperature data available in a transpar
Temperature Initiative is dedicated to making
global land temperature data available in a transpar
temperature data available
in a transparent manner.
Global mean
temperatures averaged over
land and ocean
surfaces, from three different estimates, each of which has been independently adjusted for various homogeneity issues, are consistent within uncertainty estimates over the period 1901 to 2005 and show similar rates of increase
in recent decades.
Separately, the
global land surface temperature was 1.89 °C (3.40 °F) above average, the highest on record for December, surpassing the previous record set
in 2006 by 0.48 °C (0.86 °F).
Since NOAA began keeping records
in 1880, the combined
global land and ocean
surface temperature was the warmest on record for both April and for the period from January through April
in 2010.
During the final month, the December combined
global land and ocean average
surface temperature was the highest on record for any month
in the 136 - year record.
During the final month, the December combined
global land and ocean average
surface temperature was the third highest for December
in the 137 - year record.
The year 2010 tied with 2005
in all three
global - scale components: the
global land temperature, the
global ocean
temperature, and the
global land and ocean
surface temperature.
In addition, since the global surface temperature records are a measure that responds to albedo changes (volcanic aerosols, cloud cover, land use, snow and ice cover) solar output, and differences in partition of various forcings into the oceans / atmosphere / land / cryosphere, teasing out just the effect of CO2 + water vapor over the short term is difficult to impossibl
In addition, since the
global surface temperature records are a measure that responds to albedo changes (volcanic aerosols, cloud cover,
land use, snow and ice cover) solar output, and differences
in partition of various forcings into the oceans / atmosphere / land / cryosphere, teasing out just the effect of CO2 + water vapor over the short term is difficult to impossibl
in partition of various forcings into the oceans / atmosphere /
land / cryosphere, teasing out just the effect of CO2 + water vapor over the short term is difficult to impossible.
«The
global annual
temperature for combined
land and ocean
surfaces for 2007 is expected to be near 58.0 °F and would be the fifth warmest since records began
in 1880.
Overall, ecosystem - driven changes
in chemistry induced climate feedbacks that increased
global mean annual
land surface temperatures by 1.4 and 2.7 K for the 2 × and 4 × CO2 Eocene simulations, respectively, and 2.2 K for the Cretaceous (Fig. 3 E and F).
While
land surface observations go back hundreds of years
in a few places, data of sufficient coverage for estimating
global temperature have been available only since the end of the 19th century.
Lou Grinzo (12)-- I am under the impression that HadCRUTv3 uses air
temperatures on
land and sea
surface temperatures in the oceans to produce their
global mean.
Seems to me the debate about AGHG
global warming and increasing TC frequency / intensity / duration boils down to the fact that as sea
surface temperatures, as well as deeper water
temperatures rise, the wallop of any TC over warmer seas without mitigating circumstances like wind sheer and dry air off
land masses entrained
in the cyclone will likely be much more devastating.
Global average
temperature is lower during glacial periods for two primary reasons: 1) there was only about 190 ppm CO2
in the atmosphere, and other major greenhouse gases (CH4 and N2O) were also lower 2) the earth
surface was more reflective, due to the presence of lots of ice and snow on
land, and lots more sea ice than today (that is, the albedo was higher).
I also think that if one wishes to prove that carbon dioxide
in the atmosphere is the cause of
global warming then the focus of
temperature measurement should be upon those few feet between the Earth's
surface and the measuring instruments employed on
land for measuring that
temperature.
AGW and models say that there will be an increase
in the
global temperature [air or sea or
land surface, take your pick] if the CO2 increases.
The increase
in global surface temperature (
land + ocean) for that period can be seen for example from NOAA.
By comparing modelled and observed changes
in such indices, which include the
global mean
surface temperature, the
land - ocean
temperature contrast, the
temperature contrast between the NH and SH, the mean magnitude of the annual cycle
in temperature over
land and the mean meridional
temperature gradient
in the NH mid-latitudes, Braganza et al. (2004) estimate that anthropogenic forcing accounts for almost all of the warming observed between 1946 and 1995 whereas warming between 1896 and 1945 is explained by a combination of anthropogenic and natural forcing and internal variability.
The combined average
temperature over
global land and ocean
surfaces for April 2016 was 1.98 °F above the 20th century average — the highest
temperature departure for April since
global records began
in 1880.
If the climatological average
global land surface temperature goes up again
in 2016, setting another new record, the party that accepts my challenge must donate $ 25,000 to a science education nonprofit of my choice.
The
global record for these only goes back to 1850,
in particular the result of subtracting HadSST2 (Hadley sea
surface temperature) from CRUTEM3 (Climate Research Unit
land temperature).
The annual anomaly of the
global average
surface temperature in 2014 (i.e. the average of the near -
surface air
temperature over
land and the SST) was +0.27 °C above the 1981 - 2010 average (+0.63 °C above the 20th century average), and was the warmest since 1891.
Surface warming: «Global temperature evolution: recent trends and some pitfalls» «Coverage bias in the HadCRUT4 temperature series and its impact on recent temperature trends» «Recently amplified arctic warming has contributed to a continual global warming trend» «On the definition and identifiability of the alleged «hiatus» in global warming» «Global land - surface air temperature change based on the new CMA GLSAT dataset
Surface warming: «
Global temperature evolution: recent trends and some pitfalls» «Coverage bias in the HadCRUT4 temperature series and its impact on recent temperature trends» «Recently amplified arctic warming has contributed to a continual global warming trend» «On the definition and identifiability of the alleged «hiatus» in global warming» «Global land - surface air temperature change based on the new CMA GLSAT dataset&
Global temperature evolution: recent trends and some pitfalls» «Coverage bias
in the HadCRUT4
temperature series and its impact on recent
temperature trends» «Recently amplified arctic warming has contributed to a continual
global warming trend» «On the definition and identifiability of the alleged «hiatus» in global warming» «Global land - surface air temperature change based on the new CMA GLSAT dataset&
global warming trend» «On the definition and identifiability of the alleged «hiatus»
in global warming» «Global land - surface air temperature change based on the new CMA GLSAT dataset&
global warming» «
Global land - surface air temperature change based on the new CMA GLSAT dataset&
Global land -
surface air temperature change based on the new CMA GLSAT dataset
surface air
temperature change based on the new CMA GLSAT dataset»
You are spending a lot of time rationalizing WHY there was a «standstill»
in global warming (as measured by the «globally and annually averaged
land and sea
surface temperature anomaly»).
Carbon Brief produced a raw
global temperature record using using unadjusted ICOADS sea surface temperature measurements gridded by the UK Hadley Centre and raw land temperature measurements assembled by NOAA in version 4 of the Global Historical Climatological Network (
global temperature record using using unadjusted ICOADS sea
surface temperature measurements gridded by the UK Hadley Centre and raw
land temperature measurements assembled by NOAA
in version 4 of the
Global Historical Climatological Network (
Global Historical Climatological Network (GHCN).
There is a major question
in my mind of the wisdom of using a «
global»
surface temperature to begin with and a «global» surface temperature based on a SST which is more related to Tmin averaged with a land based «Surface» temperature that is based on T Ave.. So instead of blindly quoting nonsense, I actually try to verify using all the data that is ava
surface temperature to begin with and a «
global»
surface temperature based on a SST which is more related to Tmin averaged with a land based «Surface» temperature that is based on T Ave.. So instead of blindly quoting nonsense, I actually try to verify using all the data that is ava
surface temperature based on a SST which is more related to Tmin averaged with a
land based «
Surface» temperature that is based on T Ave.. So instead of blindly quoting nonsense, I actually try to verify using all the data that is ava
Surface»
temperature that is based on T Ave.. So instead of blindly quoting nonsense, I actually try to verify using all the data that is available.
The metric used by IPCC
in all its reports for past and projected future «
global warming» has been the «globally and annually averaged
land and sea
surface temperature anomaly» (as reported by HadCRUT3).
Additionally, we show that the largest regional contributor to
global temperature trends over the past two decades is
land surface temperature in the NH extratropics.
The evolution of
global mean
surface temperatures, zonal means and fields of sea
surface temperatures,
land surface temperatures, precipitation, outgoing longwave radiation, vertically integrated diabatic heating and divergence of atmospheric energy transports, and ocean heat content
in the Pacific is documented using correlation and regression analysis.
I'm inclined to think that Ocean Heat Content, trends
in land ice and Sea levels are more appropriate indicators of
global climate change than
surface air
temperatures, but that's another issue.
Globally, the average
land and ocean
surface temperature for January — March 2018 was the sixth highest such period since
global records began
in 1880 at 0.74 °C (1.33 °F) above the 20th century average of 12.3 °C (54.1 °F).
Berkeley Earth was founded
in early 2010 with the goal of addressing the major concerns of skeptics regarding
global warming and the
land surface temperature record.
The fact this is seemingly not fully recognized — or here integrated — by Curry goes to the same reason Curry does not recognize why the so called «pause» is a fiction, why the «slowing» of the «rate» of increase
in average ambient
global land and ocean
surface air
temperatures over a shorter term period from the larger spike beyond the longer term mean of the 90s is also meaningless
in terms of the basic issue, and why the average ambient increase
in global air
temperatures over such a short term is by far the least important empirical indicia of the issue.
The January — March 2018
global land surface temperature was also the smallest
in the last four years and the sixth highest
in the 139 - year record at 1.21 °C (2.18 °F) above the 20th century average.
The
global land surface temperature for March 2018 was 1.49 °C (2.68 °F) above average and the seventh highest since
global records began
in 1880.
It is instructive to compare these numbers with those characteristic of a set of the years during 1979 — 2012 with no or only one major regional extreme event (
in terms of
land surface temperature and
land precipitation anomalies)
in the NH midlatitudes, from late April / early May to late September / early October, as reported yearly since 1993
in the World Meteorological Organization statements on the status of the
global climate (see also ref.
The period of increased warming from 1987 to 1997 loosely coincided with the divergence of the
global average
temperature anomalies over
land, which are derived from observation station recordings, and the
global average anomalies
in sea
surface temperatures.
We might be able to get an idea of the magnitude of the effect on
global temperatures of the potential errors
in land -
surface measurements being discussed by comparing
land and ocean
temperature trends from different sources.
«The combined average
temperature over
global land and ocean
surfaces for July 2015 was the highest for July
in the 136 - year period of record, at 0.81 °C (1.46 °F) above the 20th century average of 15.8 °C (60.4 °F), surpassing the previous record set
in 1998 by 0.08 °C (0.14 °F).»
To facilitate comparison across simulations using all GCMs and RCPs, we express
global vegetation change with respect to change
in global mean
land surface temperature (ΔMLT).
The increase
in the
global average
temperature anomaly and the divergence of
land and sea
surface temperatures also coincided with two significant changes
in global average cloud cover.
«Causes of differences
in model and satellite tropospheric warming rates» «Comparing tropospheric warming
in climate models and satellite data» «Robust comparison of climate models with observations using blended
land air and ocean sea
surface temperatures» «Coverage bias
in the HadCRUT4
temperature series and its impact on recent
temperature trends» «Reconciling warming trends» «Natural variability, radiative forcing and climate response
in the recent hiatus reconciled» «Reconciling controversies about the «
global warming hiatus»»
However you slice it, lolwot, there is a current «pause» (or «standstill»)
in the warming of the «globally and annually averaged
land and sea
surface temperature anomaly» (used by IPCC to measure «
global warming»), despite unabated human GHG emissions and CO2 levels (Mauna Loa) reaching record levels.