Sentences with phrase «global observations show»

Interestingly, the near - global observations show a greater drop in outgoing longwave radiation at the CO2 wavelengths around 700 cm - 1 compared to the change over tropical regions.

Not exact matches

A new Columbia Engineering study, led by Pierre Gentine, associate professor of earth and environmental engineering, analyzes global satellite observations and shows that vegetation alters climate and weather patterns by as much as 30 percent.

They used a high - resolution ocean model that has been shown to do a good job of matching direct satellite observations of the global ocean system.

For global observations since the late 1950s, the most recent versions of all available data sets show that the troposphere has warmed at a slightly greater rate than the surface, while the stratosphere has cooled markedly since 1979.

Above the surface, global observations since the late 1950s show that the troposphere (up to about 10 km) has warmed at a slightly greater rate than the surface, while the stratosphere (about 10 — 30 km) has cooled markedly since 1979.

http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/abs/10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00148.1 Global satellite observations show the sea surface temperature (SST) increasing since the 1970s in all ocean basins, while the net air — sea heat flux Q decreases.

However, comparison of the global, annual mean time series of near - surface temperature (approximately 0 to 5 m depth) from this analysis and the corresponding SST series based on a subset of the International Comprehensive Ocean - Atmosphere Data Set (ICOADS) database (approximately 134 million SST observations; Smith and Reynolds, 2003 and additional data) shows a high correlation (r = 0.96) for the period 1955 to 2005.

«It's pretty convincing stuff: observations and the physical law of energy conversation have been used to show greenhouse gases are responsible for global warming and that alternative scenarios violate this law of nature.

With the aid of global Earth observations and data - driven models, the researchers show that on average, extreme events prevent the uptake of around 3 petagrams carbon per year by the vegetation.

Public areas include a lounge with a full - service bar and facilities for film, slide shows, and presentations; a dining room; an observation deck; a partially covered sun deck with chairs, tables, and an outdoor grill; a global gallery; and a spa.

What observations do you offer that would encourage this other than claiming the last 3 years (2005 hottest) or last twelve (’98 hottest) equal global cooling when they are all among the hottest years in the last 2 million (a fundamentally flawed assertion that shows 100 % ignorance, or willful disregard, of basic scientific principles, namely that a three — twelve year period is not a long - term trend, but is variability until proven otherwise.)

A recent paper by Graeme L. Stephens, Juilin Li, Martin Wild, Carol Anne Clayson, Norman Loeb, Seiji Kato, Tristan L'Ecuyer, Paul W. Stackhouse Jr, Matthew Lebsock & Timothy Andrews An update on Earth's energy balance in light of the latest global observations, Nature Geoscience, 5, 691 — 696 (2012), which indicates significant adjustments to the energy balance MEASURED data shows how far we are from certainty.

The hottest topic in climate research is the observation that global average surface temperature, as well as satellite observations of temperatures in the atmosphere, has shown little or no warming during the 21st century.

The latest analysis of observations from the WMO Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) Programme shows that globally carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) increased from 2014 to 2015, and that the...

However, comparison of the global, annual mean time series of near - surface temperature (approximately 0 to 5 m depth) from this analysis and the corresponding SST series based on a subset of the International Comprehensive Ocean - Atmosphere Data Set (ICOADS) database (approximately 134 million SST observations; Smith and Reynolds, 2003 and additional data) shows a high correlation (r = 0.96) for the period 1955 to 2005.

These facts were enough for an NAS panel, including Christy, to publish a report Reconciling Observations of Global Temperature Change which concluded that «Despite differences in temperature data, strong evidence exists to show that the warming of the Earth's surface is undoubtedly real, and surface temperatures in the past two decades have risen at a rate substantially greater than average for the past 100 years»

This observation shows increased CO2 concentration is accompanied by decrease in global mean temperature.

It shows up well in their Figure 1a about which they state ``... you can see how well the POGA H global average surface temperature matches the observations...» It matches well the phony eighties and nineties and would be off the mark if the real temperatures were substituted.

On balance the evidence shows that solar and oceanic variations are more likely the cause of recent observations of warming in the air than increasing CO2 in the air but the issue can soon be resolved by observing the global air temperature changes that occur during and after the extended cycle 23 and the probable weak cycle 24.

The graph for global glacier mass change shows the estimated annual cumulative balance for a set of global reference glaciers with more than 30 continued observation years for the time - period 1960 - 2017.

I would also say that, although TOBS corrections are not done for all global data, the TOBS error uncertainty shown in this chart is probably present in most global data, as probably relatively few stations have an effective observation time of midnight.

«Kopacz et al. used a global chemical transport model to identify the location from which the BC arriving at a variety of locations in the Himalayas and the Tibetan Plateau originates, after which they calculated its direct and snow - albedo radiative forcings... they say that observations of black carbon (BC) content in snow «show a rapidly increasing trend,»... «emissions from northern India and central China contribute the majority of BC to the Himalayas,» and that «the Tibetan Plateau receives most BC from western and central China, as well as from India, Nepal, the Middle East, Pakistan and other countries.»»

The lighter shaded areas depict the change in this uncertainty range, if carbon cycle feedbacks are assumed to be lower or higher than in the medium setting... Global mean temperature results from the SCM for anthropogenic and natural forcing compare favourably with 20th - century observations (black line) as shown in the lower left panel (Folland et al., 2001; Jones et al., 2001; Jones and Moberg, 2003).

While the climate change signal is much clearer in the northern latitudes - where longer - term records show a relatively steady retreat of Arctic sea ice - evidence of global warming's impact around Antarctica is also showing up in the observations.

Because the GISS analysis combines available sea surface temperature records with meteorological station measurements, we test alternative choices for the ocean data, showing that global temperature change is sensitive to estimated temperature change in polar regions where observations are limited.

«The authors write that North Pacific Decadal Variability (NPDV) «is a key component in predictability studies of both regional and global climate change,»... they emphasize that given the links between both the PDO and the NPGO with global climate, the accurate characterization and the degree of predictability of these two modes in coupled climate models is an important «open question in climate dynamics» that needs to be addressed... report that model - derived «temporal and spatial statistics of the North Pacific Ocean modes exhibit significant discrepancies from observations in their twentieth - century climate... conclude that «for implications on future climate change, the coupled climate models show no consensus on projected future changes in frequency of either the first or second leading pattern of North Pacific SST anomalies,» and they say that «the lack of a consensus in changes in either mode also affects confidence in projected changes in the overlying atmospheric circulation.»»

Those who invoke the solar cycle, to which there is no global temperature correlation even if one allows for phase shifts, or who cite possible increases in solar flux, of which observations show none over this warming epoch, are especially off the mark.

A test of falsifiability requires a model test or climate observation that shows global warming caused by increased human - produced greenhouse gases is untrue.

Nick, I can show you findings from a paper rejected for publication last week, showing that the temperature observations at Sydney Observatory and a dozen more Australian sites are explainable without any need to invoke global warming in Australia.

A map of Earth showing the global cloud cover on July 11, 2005, based largely on observations by the MODIS sensor on the NASA Terra satellite.

To discard observations (like the «pause» of the global mean temperatures since 1997 shown on the appended figure 1 - A) the IPCC folks put forward a hypothesis («the greenhouse effect well understood since more than hundred years «-RRB- but do not provide any definition of their «greenhouse effect ``.

This point was also made by Schmidt et al. (2014), which additionally showed that incorporating the most recent estimates of aerosol, solar, and greenhouse gas forcings, as well as the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and temperature measurement biases, the discrepancy between average GCM global surface warming projections and observations is significantly reduced.

Radiosonde - based observations (with near global coverage since 1958) and satellite - based temperature measurements (beginning in late 1978) show warming trends in the troposphere and cooling trends in the stratosphere.

Figure 1: Contributions of solar activity (dark blue), volcanic activity (red), ENSO (green), and anthropogenic effects (purple) to global surface warming (HadCRUT observations shown in light blue), according to Lean and Rind (2008).

Less than 2.5 percent of model runs show that global warming is really global luke warming to the degree that real - world observations indicate.

While continuous global measurements of most of these changes are not available through the 1961 - 2006 period, some humidity observations are available and do show upward trends over the continents.

The observation - based (Global Ocean Data Analysis Project; GLODAP) 1994 saturation horizon (solid white line) is also shown to illustrate the projected changes in the saturation horizon compared to the present.

«Ship - based observations show that methane concentrations in the air above the East Siberian Sea Shelf are nearly twice as high as the global average... Layers of sediment below the permafrost slowly emit methane gas, and this gas has been trapped for millennia beneath the permafrost.

What the paper actually shows is that the models do have the same correlation between ENSO and global average temperatures than observations.

Still a lot of work to be done, and a deep - ocean observation system would be desirable but, as Balmaseda (2013) has demonstrated, the observations show that global warming has actually accelerated over the last 16 years.

Fig. 1: A map of Earth showing the global cloud cover on July 11, 2005, based largely on observations by the MODIS sensor on the NASA Terra satellite.

Based on these observations, global - scale Hg cycling models show that anthropogenic emissions have substantially perturbed the global biogeochemical mercury cycle since preindustrial times (2).

Observations since 1961 show that the average temperature of the global ocean has increased to depths of at least 3000 m and that the ocean has been absorbing more than 80 % of the heat added to the climate system.

The lack of an oscillatory model signal suggests that the inter-decadal global mean surface temperature signal derived from the observations and shown in Figs. 1A and 2B is indeed the signature of natural long - term climate variability.

Only the GIGO models predict global harm from that essential trace gas, while real world observations show that CO2 is harmless.

Using the framework, they show that for 80 percent of areas where observations are available, global warming has increased the chances for (and severity of) «hottest» events — months and days that measure in as the hottest of the year.

Global average air temperatures have increased relatively slowly since a high point in 1998 caused by the ocean phenomenon El Niño, but observations show that heat is continuing to be trapped in increasing amounts by greenhouse gases, with over 90 % disappearing into the oceans.

Around 90 % of all reasonably long - term observations show changes consistent with global warming and associated effects.

More recent documentation (Hansen et al. 2010) compares alternative analyses and addresses questions about perception and reality of global warming; various choices for the ocean data are tested; it is also shown that global temperature change is sensitive to estimated temperature change in polar regions, where observations are limited.

For example, while all of the global climate models participating in the most recent Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change report show a decline in Arctic sea ice over the period of available observations, none of them match the severity of the trends we actually observe.