Sentences with phrase «global ocean surface ph»
By the end of this century, global ocean surface pH could decrease by a further 0.3 — 0.5 units [1,2].
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These rising atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations have led to an increase in global average temperatures of ~ 0.2 °C decade — 1, much of which has been absorbed by the oceans, whilst the oceanic uptake of atmospheric CO2 has led to major changes in surface ocean pH (Levitus et al., 2000, 2005; Feely et al., 2008; Hoegh - Guldberg and Bruno, 2010; Mora et al., 2013; Roemmich et al., 2015).
The CDR potential and possible environmental side effects are estimated for various COA deployment scenarios, assuming olivine as the alkalinity source in ice ‐ free coastal waters (about 8.6 % of the global ocean's surface area), with dissolution rates being a function of grain size, ambient seawater temperature, and pH. Our results indicate that for a large ‐ enough olivine deployment of small ‐ enough grain sizes (10 µm), atmospheric CO2 could be reduced by more than 800 GtC by the year 2100.
The number and coverage of the measurements is completely inadequate for determination of changes to global ocean DIC and global ocean surface layer pH.
Changes in global average surface pH and saturation state with respect to aragonite in the Southern Ocean under various SRES scenarios.
The global oceans have absorbed about 40 % of the anthropogenic carbon emissions (Sabine and Tanhua 2010), leading to a decline in pH evident in surface open - ocean time series (Caldeira and Wickett 2003; Raven et al. 2005; Doney et al. 2009).
Changes in mean global ocean pH / pCO2, due to uptake of anthropogenic CO2, will reduce pH (ca − 0.3 to 0.5 units / 500 + µatm), and global warming will contribute to increased sea surface temperature (+1.1 to 6.4 °C), by 2100 [1 — 4,7].