Sentences with phrase «glucose by cells»

The uptake of glucose by cells closely reflects their energetic needs, and is becoming poorly regulated in many pathological conditions such as obesity, diabetes and cancer.

Not exact matches

In insulin - resistant bodies, the insulin and glucose are repelled by cells.

Rather than being used by muscles for energy, the glucose is redirected to fat cells.

In other words, to nourish your cells; vitamins, minerals, and glucose are distributed by water.

Agave and fructose in general does not spike blood sugar because it goes through your liver damaging it at the same time, glucose is processed by other cells as well and thus it spikes your blood sugar, but fructose is processed just by the liver.

Dunsby and colleagues used it to measure glucose uptake, indicated by a fluorescent biosensor, in multicellular kidney cell spheroids.

The most promising chemical — sulforaphane, a naturally occurring compound found in cruciferous vegetables — tamped down glucose production by liver cells growing in culture, and shifted liver gene expression away from a diseased state in diabetic rats.

Insulin is produced by beta cells to control glucose levels in the blood.

«That observation is in line with the usual response of cells to oxygen deprivation: they save on the consumption of oxygen by converting glucose to lactate instead of burning the glucose.

In the pancreas, pancreatic beta cells produce insulin, the hormone that provides fuel to the body's cells by transporting glucose.

Witness Avandia, a popular drug available since 1999 that lowers blood glucose by making cells more receptive to insulin — but that also, according to a report published in the New England Journal of Medicine in May, increases the risk of heart attack.

«Our stem cell - based studies indicate that low - calorie sweeteners promote additional fat accumulation within cells compared with cells not exposed to these substances, in a dose - dependent fashion — meaning that as the dose of sucralose is increased more cells showed increased fat droplet accumulation,» said Sabyasachi Sen, M.D., Associate Professor of Medicine at George Washington University in Washington, D.C. «This most likely occurs by increasing glucose entry into cells through increased activity of genes called glucose transporters.»

In type 1 diabetes, beta cells in the pancreas that make insulin — the hormone that keeps our blood glucose levels at a safe concentration — are destroyed by the immune system.

To determine the age of the blood cells, Higgins and his colleagues developed an equation that compares glucose levels obtained by the A1C test with another method called continuous glucose monitoring.

This year her team discovered that sleep deprivation impedes the metabolism of glucose, the sugar that powers the body, in fat cells by a startling 30 percent.

In a recent study published in Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Associate Professor of Chemistry Wei Min's team developed a new glucose analogue that can mimic the natural glucose, and imaged its uptake as energy source by living cancer cells, neurons and tissues at the single cell level.

«In the study we challenged the view that the age - dependent impairment in glucose homeostasis is solely due to intrinsic, dysfunction of islet cells, and hypothesized that it is instead affected by systemic aging factors,» says first author Joana Almaca at the Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami.

The reason for the reduced glucose levels associated with bacterial meningitis was believed to be the need for glucose as fuel by infiltrating immune cells in response to infection.

Researchers at Columbia University have reported a new approach to visualize glucose uptake activity in single living cells by light microscopy with minimum disturbance.

«We found that expression of glucose transporters is completely shut down by bacteria, leaving insufficient fuel for the immune cells to fight off the infection,» said the study's first author, Subramanian Krishnan, PhD, of the Division of Infectious Diseases at CHLA.

Another method is for cells to throttle back the processing of glucose during lean times by becoming insulin resistant, which blocks insulin from entering the cell and in essence rations the supply of glucose to last longer while also creating a powerful hunger impulse to drive people to find food.

Aware that cancers rewire their metabolism in ways that could change the epigenome and that distant metastases in pancreatic cancer naturally spread to organs fed by a sugar - rich blood supply, the researchers wondered if the tumor cells had altered the way they use the basic form of sugar, glucose.

In addition, the researchers observed that adiponectin regulated the production of glucose by rat liver cells — suggesting that the hormone helps suppress the release of sugar stores.

A few years ago, Jihye Yun, then a graduate student at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland, found that colon cancer cells whose growth is driven by mutations in the gene KRAS or a less commonly mutated gene, BRAF, make unusually large amounts of a protein that transports glucose across the cell membrane.

Pancreatic beta cells help maintain normal blood glucose levels by producing the hormone insulin — the master regulator of energy (glucose).

Cantley's lab and collaborators found that large doses of vitamin C did indeed kill cultured colon cancer cells with BRAF or KRAS mutations by raising free radical levels, which in turn inactivate an enzyme needed to metabolize glucose, depriving the cells of energy.

But that production stops after a meal, when insulin is released by the pancreas and performs its main task of removing sugar from the blood and shepherding the glucose to multiple types of cells that absorb it for energy.

By using the same cellular channels that funnel glucose into a cancer cell, 3BrPA can travel inside the cancer cell and block its glucose metabolic pathway, Geschwind says.

«Powering artificial hearts by glucose biofuel cells remains a long - term research objective.»

Past glucose biofuel cells kept the enzymes and redox mediators in close proximity to electrodes by chemically bonding them on.

«Under no circumstances should it be concluded from our work that consumption of marijuana can be a way to cure diabetes,» Prof. Dobrzyn warns and explains: «The concentration of glucose in the blood is determined by the balance between the activities of alpha and beta cells of the pancreas and insulin target tissues such as skeletal muscle and adipose tissue.

Unfortunately, the enzymes used in past glucose biofuel cells were not suitable for implants, because they either required highly acidic conditions to work or were inhibited by a variety of ions found in the body.

These receptors determine the differentiation of cell function and may increase the ability to produce insulin in response to glucose by beta cells.

«This was matched by increased glucose uptake for glycolysis, revealing that TCL1 promotes the metabolic switch in energy generation necessary for cells to acquire pluripotency.»

From a theory dating back to the early 20th century by Nobel Prize laureate Otto Warburg, it has been believed that, in order to support their growth, cancer cells needed to increase their glucose consumption, without using mitochondrial metabolism.

First, the researchers inhibited the tumour cell mitochondria, by restricting the cancer cells only to glucose as a fuel source; then, they took away their glucose, effectively starving the cancer cells to death.

GLUT1 appears here because these cells have been taken over by the virus, which increases demand for more glucose to continue its infectious path.

Green fluorescent dyes in this microscopic view mark the presence of the glucose transporter, GLUT1, on the surface of lymphoblastoid cells which go on to form the lymphomas caused by Epstein - Barr virus.

Throughout the day, the pancreas regulates the body's blood sugar levels, responding to an increase in glucose after a meal by secreting insulin, which helps cells take up the sugar.

The cells the researchers produced respond to glucose by producing insulin, just as normal β cells do.

An international team led by metabolism experts Matthias Tschöp (Helmholtz Zentrum München / Technische Universität Müchen), Richard diMarchi (Indiana University) and Timo Müller (Helmholtz Zentrum München) report in the current issue of the journal Cell that liver - specific delivery of the thyroid hormone T3 using glucagon corrects obesity, glucose intolerance, fatty liver disease and atherosclerosis without causing adverse effects in other tissues.

Cells equipped with a gene whose activity is driven by blue light were used to help diabetic mice control glucose levels.

«Conversely, the necrotic part of the tumor is driven by a distinct set of glioma stem cells utilizing the BIM1 pathway and are characterized by a mesenchymal, inflammatory cell type dependent on glucose metabolism in the absence of oxygen.

Mechanisms have been proposed by which adipocyte hypertrophy may perturb adipocyte function in a cell - autonomous fashion and thereby influence systemic glucose and lipid metabolism (80 — 82).

Importantly, intraperitoneal inoculation of pancreatic homogenates containing IAPP aggregates into transgenic mice expressing human IAPP dramatically accelerates IAPP amyloid deposition, which was accompanied by clinical abnormalities typical of T2D, including hyperglycemia, impaired glucose tolerance, and a substantial reduction on β cell number and mass.

Our findings demonstrate that induction of IAPP misfolding and aggregation by administration of preformed IAPP - aggregated seeds leads to the development of marked T2D - like pathology, including severe hyperglycemia, impaired glucose homeostasis, loss of β cells, and changes in islets morphology.

Jonathan Schertzer, assistant professor of biochemistry and biomedical sciences and senior author of a paper published by Cell Metabolism, explains it this way: «We know that gut bacteria, often called the microbiome, send inflammation signals that change how well insulin works to lower blood glucose.

Follow - up work in cell cultures by King's lab showed that this defensive role for PKC - delta is triggered by high levels of lipids rather than glucose.

The researchers went on to demonstrate that SHP - 1 is reduced in mouse vascular smooth muscle cells primarily by the high levels of lipids in the blood associated with diabetes and related conditions, rather than the high levels of glucose also present in those conditions.

ViaCyte is aiming to eliminate rigorous insulin treatment and glucose testing by engineering a type of stem cell that produces insulin and other hormones that regulate sugar levels.