Moreover, children with autism are also deficient
in glutamic acid decarboxylase, an enzyme involved in converting glutamate to GABA (γ - Aminobutyric acid).
In Stiff Person Syndrome, which is a rare autoimmune disease in the central nervous system with autoantibodies
targeting glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65), the humoral autoimmune response was shown to consist of a Rituximab - sensitive part rapidly cleared after treatment, and a Rituximab - resistant part from long - lived and persistent plasma cells acting as a reservoir for secretion of autoantibodies.
Patients with LADA — a form of autoimmune type 1 diabetes in adulthood — can be distinguished from patients with non-autoimmune type 2 diabetes by means of the antibody reaction affinity to the enzyme
glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD).
A targeting vector was designed to insert an internal ribosome entry site (IRES), a Cre recombinase sequence, a polyA sequence, and an frt - flanked neo cassette into the 3» untranslated region (after the translational termination site) of
the glutamic acid decarboxylase 2 locus (Gad2) on chromosome 2.
This is a survey of the distribution, form, and proportion of neurons immunoreactive for gamma - aminobutyric acid (GABA) or
glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) in cat primary auditory cortex (AI).
Catecholaminergic neurons containing GABA - like and / or
glutamic acid decarboxylase - like immunoreactivities in various brain regions of the rat
Kosaka T, Kosaka K, Hataguchi Y, Nagatsu I, Wu JY, Ottersen OP, Storm - Mathisen J, Hama K (1987) Catecholaminergic neurons containing GABA - like and / or
glutamic acid decarboxylase - like immunoreactivities in various brain regions of the rat Exp Brain Res, 66 (1), 191 - 210 PubMed 2884126
Additionally, if an individual has
glutamic acid decarboxylase (an enzyme) antibodies, the body destroys the enzyme that converts glutamic acid to GABA.
In an earlier section we discussed how the body converts glutamine to GABA using
the glutamic acid decarboxylase enzyme and the activated form of vitamin B6.
Additionally, some people have antibodies against
the glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) enzyme, which is involved in the release of insulin from the pancreas.
Although larger studies are needed, this deficiency in
glutamic acid decarboxylase could be explained by the presence of antibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) which has been detected in the serum of children with autism [12].
Latent autoimmune diabetes mellitus in adults (LADA): the role of antibodies to
glutamic acid decarboxylase in diagnosis and prediction of insulin dependency
Maternal care and DNA methylation of
a glutamic acid decarboxylase 1 promoter in rat hippocampus