The first the oral purified glucosamine and chondrotin sulfate products (like cosequin) and the second, an injectable form of
polysulfated glycosaminoglycan (PSGAG) called Adequan.
Glucosamine is well - regarded as one of the precursor molecules
of glycosaminoglycans which are, in turn, very important component of cartilage, the tissue that makes up the joints.
Exposure to common food additive carrageenan leads to reduced sulfatase activity and increase in sulfated
glycosaminoglycans in human epithelial cells Check out this book: Excitotoxins: The Taste That Kills
Whole Bone Calcium contains a broad range of trace minerals as well
as glycosaminoglycans found naturally in the bone matrix and essential for healthy bone composition.
Bovine tracheal cartilage is also rich in
glycosaminoglycans which maintain and support collagen, elastin and turgidity (bounce) in the cellular spaces and keep protein fibers in balance and proportion.
A short - term inhibition of Rho - kinase failed to induce extracellular matrix production in fibroblasts or in HCS - 2 / 8 cells, while its long - term exposure increased the expressions of chondrocyte - specific genes and differentiation markers, and also promoted the synthesis of
sulfated glycosaminoglycans by chondrocytic cells.
This therapy involves supplementing cats with a product
containing glycosaminoglycans, an important component of the normal protective lining of the bladder.
According to Deep Nutrition by Dr. Cate Shanahan, people ate meats off the bone so they could get
more glycosaminoglycans which helps keep collagen in your joints healthy.
Many believe that it provides clinical benefit in the synovial fluid by strengthening cartilage and aiding
glycosaminoglycan synthesis.
Samsonov, S. A.; Gehrcke, J. P.; Pisabarro, M. T. Flexibility and explicit solvent in molecular dynamics - based docking of protein -
glycosaminoglycan systems Journal of Chemical Information and Modelling 54 (2): 582 — 592 (2014)
Polysulfated
glycosaminoglycans such as sodium pentosan polysulphate are substances that are involved in cartilage production.
Glycoproteins and polysaccharide molecules
like glycosaminoglycans are important structural components of the body; certain cell types rely on glucose for energy; and the immune system relies on glucose for generation of reactive oxygen species to kill pathogens.
We have a particular focus
on glycosaminoglycans and have studied the role of heparan sulphate in embryonic stem cell behavior.
Glycosaminoglycans form part of the ground substance of connective tissue, which is found throughout your dog's body.
Researchers knew that the NDST1 enzyme is involved in the synthesis of heparan sulfate, so the group turned to the Linhardt's research team at Rensselaer — experts in heparan sulfate and
glycosaminoglycan analysis — to pinpoint the biochemical basis for the abnormality.
We now have several evidences that the pattern of electrical charges depicted by corresponding molecules (
e.g. glycosaminoglycans) is an important signal for the orientation and migration of cells.
Chwalek K, Tsurkan MV, Freudenberg U, Werner
C. Glycosaminoglycan - based hydrogels to modulate heterocellular communication in in vitro angiogenesis models Scientific Reports 4, 4414 (8pp)(2014)
Hintze, V.; Samsonov, S. A.; Anselmi, M.; Möller, S.; Becher, J.; Schnabelrauch, M.; Scharnweber, D.; Pisabarro, M. T.
Sulfated glycosaminoglycans exploit the conformational plasticity of bone morphogenetic protein - 2 (BMP - 2) and alter the interaction profile with its receptor Biomacromolecules, 15 (8): 3083 — 92 (2014)
Salvador B, Sexton NR, Carrion R, Nunneley J, Patterson JL, Steffen I, Lu K, Muench MO, Lembo D, Simmons G. Filoviruses
utilize glycosaminoglycans for their attachment to target cells.
NOTE: Bovine tracheal cartilage (BTC) can be found on the market by various names: Antitumor angiogenesis factor, bovine mucopolysaccharide - cartilage complex, Catrix ®, Catrix ® - S, collagen bovine, cow cartilage,
glycosaminoglycan polysulfuric acid complex, metastatin, mucopolysaccharide - cartilage complex, processed bovine cartilage, psoriacin, psoriacin - T, Rumalon ®, VitaCarte ®, Dr Rons and Vital Proteins.
They're also high in vitamin A, and contain
critical glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) that have healing effects on the joints and connective tissues.
Intestinal inflammation is associated with reduced acetylation activity and a breakdown of
glycosaminoglycans at the mucosal surface.
It is a progressive, degenerative disease of the cartilage rings in which hypocellularity and
decreased glycosaminoglycan and calcium content leads to a dynamic airway collapse during respiration.
Arthritic animals can also benefit from nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, steroids, and
glycosaminoglycan supplementation, as well as changes in your dog's environment to aid in rest and ease of movement.
It is often taken orally in the form of glucosamine (which the body uses to
make glycosaminoglycans) in combination with chondroitin sulfate, or as an injection called Adequan.
Glucosamine is responsible for the synthesis of hyaluronic acid and
glycosaminoglycans within the joint and chondroitin, while being one of the major gylcosaminoglycans, acts to inhibit degradative enzymes that promote the breakdown of cartilage.