Given the importance of
gonadal hormones in growth and development, this cultural contrast invites an analysis of the multiple organ systems that may be adversely affected by neutering.
Not exact matches
The experience can alter parts of the brain which
in turn control the production of
hormones (known as gonadotropin - releasing
hormones, or GnRH) which then regulate
gonadal (testicular) development.
Prenatal Testosterone Exposure Leads to
Gonadal Hormone - Dependent Hyperinsulinemia and
Gonadal Hormone - Independent Glucose Intolerance
in Adult Male Rat Offspring.
This is
in agreement with findings
in juvenile male and female rats with low levels of
gonadal hormones.
These findings suggest that variations
in gonadal hormones during the menstrual cycle influence the experience of pain
in healthy women.»)
Your endocrine pathway starts with the hypothalamus, affecting your pituitary, which
in turn affects the function of your thyroid, then adrenals,
gonadal hormones, and finally gut.
The pituitary,
in turn, stops telling the
gonadal tissue to produce
hormones like estrogen.
D - aspartic acid d - Aspartic acid supplementation combined with 28 days of heavy resistance training has no effect on body composition, muscle strength, and serum
hormones associated with the hypothalamo - pituitary -
gonadal axis
in resistance - trained men http://www.nrjournal.com/article/S0271-5317 (13) 00173 - 5 / abstract
GnRH is an ideal contraceptive target because it regulates pituitary and
gonadal hormone responses
in both males and females, thus suppressing nuisance behaviors associated with sex
hormones in addition to preventing pregnancy.
Behavioural risks
in male dogs with minimal lifetime exposure to
gonadal hormones may complicate
Lifetime
gonadal hormone exposure of each dog was expressed
in terms of total months of
gonadal hormone exposure (i.e., number of months sexually intact).
Because the database used
in that study provided no information on age at gonadectomy, the study could not evaluate bone sarcoma risk
in terms of duration of
gonadal hormone exposure.
The possible mechanisms by which
gonadal hormone exposure might protect against the development of bone sarcoma
in both males and females are not immediately evident.
However,
in that study, age at neutering was not available, and thus, duration of exposure to
gonadal hormones for each dog could not be determined.
This analysis was also deemed logical for pathophysiological reasons because a disruption of the growth plate closure by
gonadal hormone removal
in the joint developmental stage would be expected to apply to all the joint disorders.
Differences
in the two breeds studied here could be due to differences
in sensitivities of the growth plates to
gonadal hormone removal.
For some cancers of interest, not only may breeds vary
in predisposition but also the possibility of interactions between gender,
gonadal hormone influences, and timing of
gonadal hormone alteration should be taken into account
in selecting the model and
in investigating causal factors to be explored.
Comparisons of cancers
in the two breeds suggest that the occurrence of cancers
in female Golden Retrievers is a reflection of particular vulnerability to
gonadal hormone removal.
McGreevy PD, Wilson B, Starling MJ, Serpell JA (2018) Behavioural risks
in male dogs with minimal lifetime exposure to
gonadal hormones may complicate population - control benefits of desexing.
The relatively high occurrence of one or more of these cancers
in intact male Goldens, coupled with the relative absence of an effect of neutering, except with regard to LSA, points to a relatively high underlying rate of cancer occurrence
in this gender and breed that is not affected by
gonadal hormone removal.
The striking effect of neutering
in female Golden Retrievers compared to male and female Labradors, and male Golden Retrievers, suggests that for this gender and breed the presence of
gonadal hormones has a protective effect against cancers over most years of the dog's life.
The effects of neutering
in the first year of a dog's life, especially
in larger breeds, undoubtedly reflects the vulnerability of joints to delayed closure of long - bone growth plates from
gonadal hormone removal [26], [27].
In dogs with congenital hypopituitarism (pituitary dwarfism, see Juvenile - onset Panhypopituitarism), there may be variable degrees of thyroidal, adrenocortical, and
gonadal deficiency, but clinical signs are primarily related to growth
hormone deficiency.