For example, from: 1) the replenishment of foreign exchange buffers large enough to protect the economy against a protracted shock; 2) a significant reduction in
government debt metrics; 3) a successful diversification of the economy and government revenues that will become less dependent on oil receipts; 4) continued improvements in governance and institutional strength which act as long — term constraints on Angola's rating.
Issuers, whether they be
governments, corporate entities, or municipalities, are generally rated on their credit quality by assessing their cash flow
metrics (and their stability) against their
debt load.