A direct descendent of the R - 7 Intercontinental Ballistic Missile (ICBM), the Soyuz - FG comprises a central «core» and four tapering, strap - on boosters, fueled by liquid oxygen and a highly refined form of rocket -
grade kerosene, known as «RP - 1.»
First was the loading of rocket
grade kerosene into both stages.
An example of what rocketeers call a pintle engine, even to a lay observer it is brilliantly straightforward, with one high - pressure coaxial fuel injector to mix rocket -
grade kerosene and liquid oxygen instead of the hundreds of smaller injector holes used in other rocket engines.
The rocket's fuel, a mix of rocket -
grade kerosene known as RP - 1 and liquid oxygen, is highly flammable.
But kerosene or rocket - propellant
grade kerosene, which is also what jets use — rockets use a very expensive form, a highly refined form of jet fuel, essentially, which is a form of kerosene.